Waxaa qoray Lucas Koerner, Diseembar 10, 2019
From Fair.org
Sannaddeena geesinimada leh ee cusub dagaal Beeleed, warbaahinta shirkaduhu waxay ciyaaraan doorka madaafiic culus oo fikradeed oo ku dhex qotoma awoodaha quwadaha reer galbeedka. Maalinba maalin iyo maalinba, aasaaska "sumcad leh" ee lagu soo bandhigo ayaa qarxaya horusocodka iyo / ama dawladihii ka soo horjeeday dawlad-goboleedkii ka jiray Global South oo ay ku dhammaadeen bur-bur iyo miyir-beello xor ah (tusaale FAIR.org, 5/23/18, 8/23/18, 4/11/19, 7/25/19).
Saamaynta wadajirka ah ayaa ah in loo wakiishay dowlad kasta oo aan u hogaansamin awaamiirta reer galbeedka, qiil u sameynta kooxahan, cunaqabateyn xagga dilaaga ah, dagaallo wakiilnimo iyo xitaa duulaanno buuxa. Afgambigii dhicisoobey ee ay dhowaan Mareykanku abaabuleen ee Bolivia ayaa ah daraasad kiis wax ku ool ah. Hogaaminta afgembigii militari ee Evo Morales, warbaahinta reer Galbeedka waxay si joogto ah u xannibi jirtay sumcadii dimoqraadiga ee madaxweynaha wadaniga ah, in kasta oo uu mar labaad ku guuleystay doorashada marmar weyn.FAIR.org, 11/5/19).
Laakiin xarumaha shirkadaha keli kuma eka inay weeraraan Morales. Warbaahinta horusocodka iyo badalka ah ee Waqooyiga Kuuriya ayaa muddo dheer sawir ka muujisay dawladda Bolivia ee loo yaqaan 'Movement for Socialism' (MAS) dawladnimo ahaan mid kacsan, mid caan ah iyo deegaanka-ka soo horjeedda - dhammaantoodna ku ah magaca "bidix" dhaleecayn. Iyadoo aan loo eegin ujeeddada la sheegay, natiijada shabaqa waxay ahayd in daciifiso mucaaradkii hore u yaraa ee ka dhex jiray dowladihii reer galbeedka ee burburka ay geysan jireen dibedda.
Isu-diyaarinta afgambiga
Wixii ka dambeeyay afgembigii 10 ee bishii Nofembar, saxafiyiin shirkadeed ayaa saadaaliyay inay kaalintooda ka qaateen nashqadeynta shacabka, iyagoo u bandhigaya fikirka fasixiin ah "kala guur dimoqraadi ah" (FAIR.org, 11/11/19, 11/15/19).
Runtii waa yaabe, hase yeeshe, waa jawaabta warbaahinta horumarka ee reer Galbeedka, oo laga yaabo inuu qofku filayo inuu si aan kala sooc lahayn u dhalleeceeyo afgambiga oo uu dalbado dib u soo celinta degdegga ah ee Evo Morales.
Tiro naxdin leh ma aysan sameynin.
Markiiba wixii ka dambeeyay masixii Morales, Xorriyadda (11/11/19, 11/15/19, 11/16/19) daabacay aragtida dhowr aqoonyahanno Bolivian iyo Latin American ah oo hoos u dhigaya xaqiiqada afgambiga afgambiga isla markaana sawiraya isbarbardhiga beenta ah ee u dhexeeya dowladda Morales iyo xisbiyada ficilka. Qoraalada kale ee la soo daabacay maalmo ka hor waxay ku eedeeyeen dowladda musuqmaasuq, iyagoo caddeeyay in afgembigu yimaado.Xorriyadda, 11/8/19, 11/10/19). Qeybta fadhigeedu yahay Vermont, leh xiriirka taariikhiga ah dhinaca Dhaqdhaqaaqa Aan La Aaminsanayn, wuxuu diiday inuu daabaco aragtiyo kale oo Bolivian ah oo si aan macquul ahayn looga soo horjeedo inqilaabka.
Meelaha kale ee horumarka laga gaadhay ayaa si sax ah u aqoonsaday afgembigii Morales inuu ahaa afgambi, laakiin waxay dareemeysaa inay ku qasban tahay inay su'aal ka keento sharciga dimoqraadiyadda hoggaamiyaha asalka ah dartiis "kacsanaan."
In kasta oo la dhalleeceynayo inqilaabka oo si sax ah loo eryay eedeymaha been-abuurka ah ee doorashada, guddiga tifaftirka ee Warbixinta NACLA ee Mareykanka (11/13/19) hase yeeshe wuu ka diidey inuu ka dhawaajiyo wada shaqeynta Morales iyo xisbiga MAS. Taabadalkeed, daabacaaddu waxay qaadatay MAS inay u shaqeyso 'nabaad-guurka gaabiska ah ee himilooyinka horumarineed' iyo ku guul-darraysiga beddelka "nidaamka siyaasadeed ee hoggaamineed iyo kan horyaal." Xitaa NACLADiidmada afgambiga inqilaabku wuxuu ahaa mid si fiican u dhaca, iyadoo la tixraacayo "doorka gaarka ah ee MAS iyo taariikh khaldan siyaasadeed," ka hor inta aan la xusin "qaabkii furfurnaantii xagjirnimada, doorkii xoogagga xukunka iyo jilaayaashii dibedda, iyo doorkii ugu dambeeyay ee gar-gaarka la ciyaaray. milatariga, waxay soo jeedinayaan inaan aragno afgambi. ”
Maqaal xigay oo ay daabacday NACLA (10/15/19) doorbiday inuu ka doodo haddii xukunka laga tuuray Morales militariga militariga uu ahaa afgambi, isagoo ku guul darreystay inuu tixgeliyo dabeecad aan sal lahayn oo eedeymaha musuqmaasuq ee OAS iyo inuu u horseeday xaquuqda ficil ee 'rabshadaha midab-kala-sooca' ee "kala qeybsanaanta." Qorayaasha, Linda Farthing iyo Olivia Arigho-Stiles, dhab ahaantii waxay ka yeertay dalal dibedda ah in qiimeynta haddii xukunka laga tuuray Morales uu ku xumaa dimuqraadiyadda "dhib badan."
Dhanka kale, a Aayadda Blog wareysi (11/15/19) iyada oo Forrest Hylton iyo Jeffrey Webber aysan wicin wax ku saabsan waajibaadka dimoqraadiyadeed ee Morales in la ixtiraamo, taa badalkeedna waxay ku boorinayaan dadka ka soo jeeda caalamka in ay "ku adkeystaan xaqa ay leeyihiin dadka Boliviaanka ah go'aankooda" ayagoon "iska fogeynin dhaleeceynta Morales."
Ka fog alaab-qeybiyeyaasha, jagooyinkan tifaftirka ah waxay aad ugu baahan yihiin koorsada xagga horumarka warbaahinta ee Bolivia bilihii lasoo dhaafay iyo sannadihii la soo dhaafay.
Sameynta gacankudhiiglaha ecocidal
Hogaaminta doorashadii Oktoobar 20, goobo badan ayaa soo jiitay ama si kale u dhigaya isbarbardhiga beenta ah ee u dhexeeya Morales iyo madaxweynaha midigta midig ee reer Brazil Jair Bolsonaro iyadoo laga jawaabayo dabka kuleylka kuleylka ah ee labada dal.
In kasta oo diiday diidmada noocaas ah, NACLA (8/30/19) si kastaba ha ahaatee si kastaba ha ahaatee waxay ku eedeeyeen siyaasadaha "dawladihii gooni isu taaga" ee "baabi'inta burburka Amazon iyo wixii ka sii dambeeya," iyagoo ku tuuraya waddamada Global North sidii ay mas'uuliyad ugu leeyihiin inay la shaqeeyaan "cadaadis" taa bedelkeeda bixinta deyntooda taariikhiga ah ee la soo uruuriyay.
Kuwa kale khiyaamo yar bay ahaayeen. Qoritaanka Boqortooyada Ingiriiska Novara Media (8/26/19), Claire Wordley waxay si cad u isbarbar dhig ku sameysay dowladda Morales iyo Bolsonaro ee dalka Brazil, waxayna ugu yeeraysaa siyaasadaha 'MAS waxkasta oo ay yihiin wax soo saar iyo waxyeello sida kuwa hantiwadayaasha Morales ay ku andacoodaan inay neceb yihiin. "Khasaare intaas ka badan, ayay tiri Jhanisse Vaca-Daza, a. Hawlaha isbedelka taliska ee reer galbeedka, si ay u curyaamiyaan maamulka dawladeed ee Morales ee dabka.
Gabal Xaqiiqda (9/26/19) wuxuu qaatay aflagaado sicir barar xagga sare, isagoo Morales ku barbardhigay Bolsonaro kuna eedeeyey hogaamiyaha Bolivia “xasuuq.” “Evo Morales wuxuu ciyaaray cagaar muddo dheer, laakiin dowladiisu waa mid gumeysi… sida Bolsonaro ee Brazil,” Manuela Picq ayaa qortay, Wuxuu u sii gudbinayaa tixraaca aan la magacaabin "Bolivians" oo ku tilmaamay madaxweynaha asaliga ah "gacan ku dhiiglaha dabiiciga ah."
Dhaleecaynta 'extraivist' ee Morales ma ahan mid cusub, oo dib ugu laabaneysa qorshihii dowladeed ee muranka badan dhaliyay ee 2011 si loo dhiso jid weyn oo loo maro Isiboro Secure Indigenous Territory iyo National Park (TIPNIS). Sida Federico Fuentes uu tilmaamay Bidix bidix usbuucii (dib loo daabacay NACLA, 5/21/14), qaabdhismeedka ugu weyn ee loo yaqaan 'extraivism / anti-extraivism ee isku dhaca ayaa loo adeegsaday si looga hortago cabirrada siyaasadeed iyo dhaqaale ee Boqortooyada.
In kasta oo waddada weyn ay dhab ka dhigtay mucaarad muhiim ah - taas oo inta badan ku xidhnayd dariiqa, halkii mashruuc kasta la qaban lahaa - hay'adda ugu weyn ee ka dambaysa mudaaharaadyada, Confederación de Pueblos Indígenas de Bolivia, ayaa la sii waday oo ay maalgaliso Washington oo ay taageerayaan garabka midig ee Santa Cruz oligarchy.
In kasta oo deeqda ay USAID ka siiso Confederación ay caan ku tahay sumcadda, haddana qaybo badan oo horumarineed ayaa doorbida inay ka saaraan warbixintooda (NACLA, 8/1/13, 8/21/17, 11/20/19; ROAR, 11/3/14, 3/11/14; In Times Times, 11/16/12; Joornaalka Muuqaalka, 11/18/19). Marka faragelinta shisheeye la xuso, guud ahaan waxaa loo soo bandhigaa sidii eedeymo aan hubin oo laga keenay dowladda Morales.
Kiis gaar ah oo muuqaal ah, ROAR (11/3/14) faahfaahsan, kana mid ah liistada dharka lagu dhaqo ee “xad-gudubyada” xad-gudubyada MAS, “oo horjoogsanaysa shaqaynta lacag la’aanta ah… dhowr NGO-yo oo taageeray mudaaharaadyadii TIPNIS,” laakiin iska fogeeyey inay xusaan xiriir shisheeye iyo shisheeye xiriir dhaw la leh isla NGO-yadaas.
Burburinta cad ee qaab dhismeedka dawladeed iyo hay'addu waxay ugu dambeyntii u oggolaaneysaa Morales in si xun loogu xanaaqo sidii "nin xoog leh" kaasoo "siiya dadka saboolka ah laakiin ka qaadanaya deegaanka" (In Times Times, 8/27/15).
Wadajirka dadban?
Dhaleecaynta 'extraivist' waxaa faafiyey wejiyo badan oo horusocod ah waana cayda guud ee guud ee MAS-da oo ku guul darreysata inuu ka dhabeeyo hadaladiisa hantiwadaaga.
Ku qorida Jacobin (1/12/14; sidoo kale arag 10/29/15), Jeffrey Webber wuxuu ku eedeeyay MAS inay waddo "dowlad magdhow ah," oo sharciyadeeda "ay siisay waxoogaa yar oo waraaqo ah ay ku shaqeyso dhiiga soo saarista." wuxuuna dusha saaraa… mucaaradka… wuxuuna dhisaa qalab fikradeed oo la socda oo lagu difaacayo luqadaha kala-duwan. ”
Dooda dheer ee Webber's ee ah dhaxalka dowlada Bolivia ee MAS waa “dib loo eegay neoliberalism”Ayaa waxaa ka horyimid dhaleeceeyayaasha, kuwaas oo dhibic u wareegga dhulkii ciidammada dabaqadda ee Morales.
Isaga oo ka duulaya xaqiiqada dhabta ah ee sheegashada Webber, waxa cajiib ah inuu u hibeeyo gebi ahaanba inaan boos loo helin sahaminta doorka dawladaha reer galbeedka ee ay ka ciyaaraan soo bandhigida qaabkii loo soosaaray Bolivia iyo caqabadaha suurtagelinta soo gelitaankeeda.
Taa bedelkeed, diiradda ayaa had iyo jeer saaran wakaaladda wararka sheegata ee fadhigeedu yahay "wakiil ka ah raasamaal", iyo dhif iyo naadir marwalba dhanka bidix-yaasha awoodooda iska soo horjeedda, taas oo aan waligeed u muuqan sidii isbadal madax-bannaan oo lagu sharraxayo guuldarradii kacaanka Global South.
Saamaynta siyaasadeed ee falanqaynta dhinac keliya ah waa in si wax ku ool ah loo barbardhigayaa "neoliberal" MAS oo ka soo horjeedda garabka midig, marka loo eego, sida Webber u dhigay, "Morales wuxuu ahaa ilaaliye habeyn ka fiican hantida gaarka ah iyo arrimaha dhaqaalaha marka loo eego kan saxda ah. waan rajeyn karay. ”
Khadadka noocan oo kale ah waxay la yaab ku noqon karaan akhristayaasha hadda ah Jacobin, oo si adag uga soo horjeeday inqilaabka (tusaale ahaan, 11/14/19, 11/18/19, 12/3/19), kuwaas oo naxariis darada fasixiyiinta ah ay ku tuurtay dabaysha fikir kasta oo u dhigma bidix / midig. Laakiin hadda, waxyeelada mar horeba waa la qabtay.
Xisaabinta anti-imperialist
Dhamaan hada hadalada a dib u gurasho bidix Waqooyiga Dunida, waa iska hor imaad in dhaqdhaqaaqyada ka dhanka ah boqortooyooyinku ay ka jilicsan yihiin hadda sidii ay ahayd markii la joogay saraakiishii Dagaalkii Ciraaq 15 sano ka hor.
Lama dafiri karo maqnaanshaha mucaaradka caanka ah ee faragalinta reer galbeedka, laga soo bilaabo Libya iyo Siiriya ilaa Haiti iyo Honduras, ayaa wadada u xaarey inqilaabkii Bolivia iyo kacdoonkii socda ee ka dhanka ahaa Venezuela.
Sidoo kale waa lama huraan in warbaahinta reer Galbeedka ee horumarineysa warbaahinta Morales iyo jaalayaasheeda bidix ee gobolka aysan gacan ka geysan hagaajinta iskaashikan midnimada ah. Mowqifka tifaftirka ayaa ah mid si gaar ah murugo leh, marka loo eego ujeedka Morales ee sida weyn uga soo horjeeday ka soo horjeedka isbedelka cimilada iyo Xoreynta Falastiin.
Midkoodna tani waa in la sii caddeeyo dhaleeceynta Morales iyo MAS. Runtii, duruufaha meelaha sida Bolivia iyo Venezuela, shaqada warbaahinta garabka bidix waa soosaarista qotodheer, falanqaynta guud ee dowladaha iyo dhaqdhaqaaqyada caanka ah ee ka soo horjeedda jiritaanka nuxur ahaan iyo qaab ahaanba. Taasi waa, waxyaalaha is burinaya ee u horseedi kara geedi socodka siyaasadeed (tusaale ahaan, muranka TIPNIS) waa in lagu macneeyaa cabirrada saldhiga u ah nidaamka hanti-wadaagga ee nidaamka-dunida. Intaa waxaa dheer, ilaha waqooyiga ee horumarka sii kordhaya - iyadoo aan loo eegin xooga ay u leeyihiin dhaleecaynta ay u leeyihiin gobolka iyo geeddi-socodka siyaasadeed - waa in ay qaddariyaan mowqif tifaftiran oo cad oo ka difaacaya dawladaha Koonfur-galbeed ee caalamiga ah faragelinta Galbeedka.
Jagooyinka adag ee ay qabteen Jeremy Corbyn iyo Bernie Sanders ka soo horjeedka inqilaabkii ka dhacay Bolivia waa astaan rajo leh oo laga soo qaaday safka hore ee siyaasadeed. Shaqada warbaahinta horumaraysa waa soo saarida runtii suxufi kale oo badal u ah ka go’an in si hufan looga hor tago boqortooyadii.
