Waxaa qoray John LaForge, La-Dagaalanka, September 20, 2020
Sawir Sawir: antony_mayfield - CC BY 2.0
Waxaan u baahanahay dood ballaaran oo dadweyne… oo ku saabsan dareenka iyo macno darrada ka hortagga nukliyeerka.—Rolf Mutzenich, Hogaamiyaha Xisbiga Social Democratic ee Jarmalka
Dhaleeceynta dadweynaha ee hubka nukliyeerka Mareykanka ee la geeyay Jarmalka ayaa noqotay mid dood weyn ka dhalisay dalka oo dhan gugii iyo xagaagii la soo dhaafay oo diiradda lagu saaray qorshaha muranka badan dhaliyay ee diblomaasiyadda loogu yaqaanno "wadaagga nukliyeerka" ama "ka qeybgalka nukliyeerka."
"Dhammaadka kaqeybgalkan nukliyeerka hadda waxaa looga hadlayaa sidii ugu xooga badneyd sidii horay loo sheegay, waqti aan sidaa usii fogeyn, bixitaanka awooda Nukliyeerka," ayuu qoray Roland Hipp, oo ah agaasimaha maamulka ee Greenpeace Germany, maqaal bishii Juun ee wargeyska Welt.
20 bambooyin nukliyeer Mareykan ah oo kuyaala xarunta Jarmalka ee Büchel Air Base waxay noqdeen kuwa aan la jeclayn, in siyaasiyiinta guud iyo hogaamiyaasha diinta ay ku biireen ururada la dagaalanka dagaalka iyagoo dalbanaya in meesha laga tuuro waxayna balanqaadeen inay hubka ka dhigayaan arin olole doorashooyinka sanadka soo socda.
Doodda maanta ee dadweynaha Jarmalka waxaa laga yaabaa inay sabab u ahayd Baarlamaanka Beljam, oo Janaayo 16 ku dhowaaday inuu eryo hubkii Mareykanka ee fadhiyay saldhiggeeda Kleine Brogel. Markii ay u codeeyeen 74 ilaa 66, xubnuhu si dirqi ah ayey uga adkaadeen tallaabo dowladda lagu faray “in la sameeyo, sida ugu dhakhsaha badan, khariidad ujeedadeedu tahay ka bixitaanka hubka nukliyeerka dhulka Beljamka.” Doodda ayaa timid ka dib markii guddiga arrimaha dibedda ee baarlamanka ay meel mariyeen mooshin ku baaqaya in labada hub laga qaado Belgium, isla markaana la ansixiyo heshiiska caalamiga ah ee mamnuucaya hubka nukliyeerka.
Sharci dejiyeyaasha Belgium waxaa laga yaabaa in lagu dhiirrigeliyey inay dib uga fiirsadaan "wadaagga nukliyeerka" ee dowladda, markii 20-kii Febraayo, 2019 saddex xubnood oo ka tirsan baarlamaanka Yurub lagu xiray saldhigga Belgium ee Kleine Brogel, ka dib markii ay si geesinimo leh u cabireen xayndaabka oo ay sitaan banner si toos ah wadada ay diyaaradaha ku ordaan.
Beddelida Diyaaradaha Dagaalka ee lagu wado inay qaadaan Bambooyin Mareykan ah
Markay Jarmalka ku soo noqotay, wasiirka gaashaandhiga Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer waxay kicisay buuq 19-kii Abriil ka dib markii warbixin lagu qoray Der Spiegel ay sheegtay inay email u dirtay madaxa Pentagon Mark Esper oo leh Jarmalka ayaa qorshaynaya inuu iibsado 45 Boeing Corporation F-18 Super Hornets. Faallooyinkeedu waxay ka keeneen qeylo-dhaanta ka timid Bundestag, wasiirkuna dib ayey uga laabatay sheegashadeedii, iyadoo u sheegtay wariyeyaasha 22-kii Abriil, "Wax go'aan ah lama gaarin (diyaaradaha la dooranayo) iyo, si kasta oo ay tahay, wasaaraddu go'aan ma gaari karto - kaliya baarlamaanka wuu awoodaa. ”
Sagaal maalmood ka dib, wareysi uu siiyay wargayska maalinlaha ah ee Tagesspiegel oo la daabacay 3-dii May, Rolf Mützenich, hogaamiyaha baarlamaanka Jarmalka ee xisbiga Social Democratic Party (SPD) - xubin ka ahaa isbahaysiga xukuma Angela Merkel - wuxuu si cad u cambaareeyay.
"Hubka Nukliyeerka ee dhulka Jarmalku ma sare u qaadayo amnigeena, kaliya cakiskeeda," way wiiqayaan, waana in meesha laga saaraa, Mützenich ayaa yiri, isagoo intaas ku daray inuu ka soo horjeedo "sii dheereynta ka qeyb qaadashada nukliyeerka" iyo "bedelida taatikada hubka nukliyeerka Mareykanka. ku keydiyay magaalada Büchel madaxyo cusub oo nukliyeer ah. ”
Mützenich wuxuu sheegay madax-madaxeedyada cusub inay tixraac u tahay dhismaha Mareykanka boqolaal ka mid ah bambooyinkii ugu horreeyay ebid ee “hanuunsan” ee “B61-12s” - bilowga ah in la geeyo shan dowladood oo ka tirsan gaashaan buurta NATO sannadaha soo socda. B61-3s, 4s, iyo 11s ayaa lagu soo waramayaa inay saldhigteen Yurub hada.
Madaxa xisbiga SPD Norbert Walter-Borjähn ayaa si deg deg ah u taageeray hadalka Mützenich, isagoo ogolaaday in bambooyinka Mareykanka dib looga laabto, waxaana isla markiiba dhaleeceeyay wasiirka arimaha dibada Heiko Mass, diblomaasiyiinta Mareykanka ee Yurub, iyo Xoghayaha guud ee NATO Jens Stoltenberg.
Mictzenich oo saadaalinaya dib u dhaca, ayaa daabacay difaac faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan mowqifkiisa 7-dii Maajo ee joornaalka loogu talagalay Siyaasadda iyo Bulshada Caalamiga ah, [1] halkaas oo uu ugu yeeray "dood ku saabsan mustaqbalka wadaagga nukliyeerka iyo su'aasha ah in hubka nukliyeerka ee Mareykanka uu dhigay Jarmalka iyo Yurub waxay kordhinayaan heerka badbaadada ee Jarmalka iyo Yurub, ama haddii laga yaabo inay hadda noqdeen kuwo duugoobay marka laga eego xagga aragtida militariga iyo amniga. ”
"Waxaan u baahanahay dood ballaaran oo bulshada dhexdeeda ah - oo ku saabsan dareenka iyo macno darrada ka hortagga nukliyeerka," ayuu qoray Mützenich.
Gaashaanbuurta NATO Stoltenberg waxay si deg deg ah qalinka ugu duugtay diidmo 11-kii May Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, iyadoo adeegsanaysa ardayada 50 jirka ah ee ku saabsan "gardarada Ruushka" waxayna ku andacooneysaa in wadaagista nukliyeerka ay la micno tahay "xulafada, sida Jarmalka, in ay go'aan wada jir ah ka gaaraan siyaasadda nukliyeerka iyo qorsheynta", iyo “ sii asxaabta cod ku saabsan arrimaha nukliyeerka oo aysan si kale u lahaan lahayn. ”
Tani waa mid been abuur ah, sida Mutzenich uu ku cadeeyay warqadiisa, isaga oo ugu yeeray "khayaali" in istaraatiijiyadda Nukliyeerka ee Pentagon ay saameyn ku leeyihiin xulafada Mareykanka. “Ma jiraan wax saameyn ah ama xitaa hadal ah oo ay leeyihiin quwadaha aan nukliyeerka aheyn ee ku saabsan istiraatiijiyadda nukliyeerka ama xitaa isticmaalka suurtagalka ah ee hubka [hubka]. Tani waa wax aan ka badneyn rabitaan cibaado dheer, "ayuu qoray.
Weeraradii ugu badnaa ee lagu qaaday hogaamiyaha SPF waxay u ekaayeen kii 14-kii Maajo laga soo bilaabo xiligaas Safiirka Mareykanka ee Jarmalka Richard Grenell, oo qoraalkisa uu ku qoray wargayska De Welt uu ku booriyay Jarmalka inay ilaaliso Mareykanka "kana hortagto" wuxuuna ku andacooday in ka bixida bambooyinku ay noqon doonto a "Khiyaanayn" ballanqaadyadii NATO ee Berlin.
Kadib Safiirka Mareykanka u fadhiya Poland Georgette Mosbacher ayaa dhankiisa lawareegay qoraal uu soo dhigay bartiisa Twitter-ka 15-kii May, wuxuuna qoray "hadii Jarmalku doonayo inuu yareeyo awooddiisa wadaaga nukliyeerka…, laga yaabee Poland, oo si daacadnimo ah u fulisa waajibaadkeeda… waxay ku isticmaali kartaa awooddan gurigeeda." Soo jeedinta Mosbacher waxaa si guud loogu jeesjeesay inay tahay hadal aan sal iyo raad lahayn maxaa yeelay heshiiska aan la xakameynin ayaa mamnuucaya wareejinta hubka nukliyeerka ah, iyo in la dhigo bambooyin nukliyeer Mareykan ah xadka Russia waxay noqon laheyd daandaansi qatar ah.
Wadamada NATO “wadaagga nukliyeerka” wax talo ah kuma lahan soo ridaya H-bambooyin Mareykan ah
30-kii Maajo, Kaydka Amniga Qaranka ee Washington, DC, ayaa xaqiijiyay mowqifka Mützenich wuxuuna been u sheegay been-abuurka Stoltenberg, isagoo sii daayay qoraal hore oo "sir sare" ah oo Wasaaradda Arrimaha Dibedda ah oo caddaynaya in Mareykanka kaligiis go'aan ka gaari doono inuu adeegsado hubkiisa nukliyeerka ee fadhigiisu yahay Holland. , Jarmalka, Talyaaniga, Turkiga iyo Belgium.
Anshax xumo iyo anshax xumo ku saabsan hubka nukliyeerka ee magaalada Büchel ayaa dhowaan ka yimid hogaamiyaasha kaniisadaha darajada sare leh. Gobolka diiniga ah ee Rhineland-Pfalz ee hawada sare, kiniisaddu waxay bilaabeen inay dalbadaan in bambooyinka lagala baxo. Baadariga Katooliga ah Stephan Ackermann oo ka socda Trier ayaa ka hadlay baabi'inta nukliyeerka meel u dhow saldhiga 2017; Magacaabista Nabadda ee Kaniisadda Lutheran ee Jarmalka, Renke Brahms, ayaa la hadashay dibad-bax ballaaran oo halkaas ka dhacay 2018; Bishop-ka Lutheran-ka ah Margo Kassmann ayaa khudbad ka jeedisay isu-soo-baxii nabadda ee kaniisadda oo halkaas ka dhacay bishii Luulyo 2019; iyo Ogosto 6, Bishop Kaatooliga Peter Kohlgraf, oo madax ka ah garabka Jarmalka ee Pax Christi, wuxuu dhiirrigeliyey hub ka dhigista nukliyeerka magaalada Mainz ee u dhow.
Shidaal badan ayaa shiday wadahadalka heerka sare ee nukliyeerka iyadoo daabacaadii 20-kii Juun ee Warqad Furan loo diray duuliyeyaasha dagaalka Jarmalka ee B atchel, oo ay saxiixeen 127 shaqsiyaad iyo 18 urur, iyagoo ugu yeeray inay "joojiyaan ku lug lahaanshaha tooska ah" tababarkooda dagaalka nukliyeerka, iyo iyaga oo xusuusinaya in "amarrada sharci-darrada ah aan la bixin karin ama la adeecin karin."
"Codsi ku wajahan duuliyeyaasha duufaanka ee Tactical Air Force Wing 33 oo ku yaal goobta B bombchel nukliyeerka si ay u diidaan kaqeybqaadashada wadaagga nukliyeerka" waxay dabooleen in kabadan bog bar ah wargayska gobolka Rhein-Zeitung, ee fadhigiisu yahay Koblenz.
Racfaanka, oo ku saleysan ku xirnaanshaha heshiisyada caalamiga ah ee mamnuucaya qorsheynta militariga ee burburka ballaaran, ayaa mar sii horreysay loo diray Colonel Thomas Schneider, oo ah taliyaha duuliyeyaasha '33rd Tactical Air Force Wing ee saldhigga cirka ee Büchel.
Racfaanku wuxuu ku booriyay duuliyeyaasha inay diidaan amarrada sharci darrada ah oo ay istaagaan: “[T] adeegsiga hubka nukliyeerka waa sharci darro sharciga caalamiga ah iyo dastuurka. Tani waxay sidoo kale ka dhigaysaa qabashada bambooyinka nukliyeerka iyo dhammaan u diyaar garowga diyaarinta suurtagelintooda keenista sharci darro. Amarada sharci darada ah lama bixin karo lamana adeeci karo. Waxaan kaa codsaneynaa inaad u sheegto madaxdaada in aadan mar dambe rabin inaad kaqeybqaadato taageerida wadaagga nukliyeerka sababo damiir leh. ”
Greekpeace Germany waxay ku shubtay buufinteeda fariinta wax yar ka baxsan saldhiga ciidamada cirka ee Büchel ee Jarmalka (sawirka gadaal), ku biirista ololaha ka saarida hubka nukliyeerka Mareykanka ee halkaas ku sugan.
Roland Hipp, oo ah agaasimaha agaasimaha Greenpeace Germany, ee "Sidee Jarmalku isaga dhigayo bartilmaameedka weerar nukliyeer" oo lagu daabacay Welt 26-kii Juun, wuxuu xusey in tegida non-nukliyeerka ay tahay sharciga marka laga reebo NATO. “Horey ayey u jireen [25 ka mid ah 30ka] waddan NATO gudahooda ah oo aan haysan hub nukliyeer Mareykan ah oo aan ku biirin ka qeybgalka nukliyeerka,” Hipp ayaa qortay.
Bishii Luulyo, dooddu waxay qayb ahaan diiradda saartay kharashka weyn ee maaliyadeed ee lagu beddelayo dagaallamayaasha dayuuradaha Jarmalka Tornado oo ay wataan xambaarayaal cusub oo H-bom ah xilli ay jiraan dhibaatooyin badan oo caalami ah.
Dr. Angelika Claussen, oo ah dhakhtar cilmu nafsi ah oo ah madaxweyne ku xigeenka Dhakhaatiirta Caalamiga ah ee Kahortaga Dagaalkii Nuclearka, ayaa ku qortay 6 July markay soo daabacday in "[A] dhisitaan ciidan oo muhiim ah xilliyada cudurka faafa ee coronavirus uu u arko inay tahay fadeexad Jarmalka Dadweynaha… Iibsashada 45 bambo-gacmeed F-18 ah waxay la macno tahay qarash gareyn dhan 7.5 bilyan oo Euro. Lacagtan tirada badan waxa uu bixin karaa 25,000 oo dhakhtar iyo 60,000 oo kalkaaliyayaal caafimaad sanadkii ah, 100,000 oo sariiraha daryeelka degdega ah iyo 30,000 oo hawo.
Tirooyinka Dr. Claussen waxaa lagu caddeeyay warbixin ay soo saareen 29-kii Luuliyo Otfried Nassauer iyo Ulrich Scholz, falanqeeyayaasha militariga ee Xarunta Macluumaadka ee Berlin ee Amniga Transatlantic. Daraasadda ayaa lagu ogaaday qiimaha 45 diyaaradood oo kuwa dagaalka ah oo laga leeyahay shirkadda weyn ee hubka ee Mareykanka ee Boeing Corp. “ugu yaraan” inta u dhexeysa 18 iyo 7.67 bilyan oo Euro, ama inta u dhexeysa $ 8.77 iyo $ 9 bilyan - ama qiyaastii $ 10.4 milyan midkiiba.
Awooda Jarmalka ee ah $ 10 bilyan ee la siinayo Boeing ee F-18s waa cherry ah in dagaalyahanku si aad ah u doonayo inuu soo qaato. Wasiirka Difaaca Jarmalka Kramp-Karrenbauer ayaa sheegtay in dowladeedu ay sidoo kale damacsan tahay inay soo iibsato 93 Eurofighters, oo ay sameysay shirkada caalamiga ah ee fadhigeedu yahay Faransiiska ee loo yaqaan 'Airbus', taasoo la mid ah qiimaha gorgortanka oo gaaraya $ 9.85 billion - $ 111 milyan midkiiba - oo dhamaan lagu badalayo Tornadoes 2030
Bishii Ogosto, hogaamiyaha SPD Mützenich wuxuu balan qaaday inuu ka dhigayo "wadaagista" hubka Nuyuukleerka Mareykanka arinka doorashada 2021, isagoo u sheegaya wargayska Suddeutsche Zeitung, "Waxaan si adag ugu qanacsanahay hadii aan su'aashan waydiino barnaamijka doorashada, jawaabteedu waa iska cadahay… . [W] e waxay sii wadi doontaa arrintan sanadka soo socda.
