Falastiiniyiinta oo eegaya bam aan qarxin oo ay diyaaradaha dagaalka ee F-16 ee Israa’iil ku riday xaafadda Rimal ee magaalada Gaza 18-kii Maajo 2021 (AFP/Mahmud Hams)
by Frank Andrews, Eye Middle East, May 18, 2021.
Muddo toddobaad ka badan, Israa'iil waxay bambaanooyin ku garaacday Marinka Gaza, iyadoo ku andacoonaysa inay beegsanayso "argagixisada" Xamaas. Laakin dhismayaal la dego, dukaamada buugaagta, isbitaallada iyo kuwa ugu waaweyn Shaybaarka baaritaanka Covid-19 sidoo kale waa la simay.
Duqeymaha joogtada ah ee Israa’iil ay ku hayso deegaanka go’doonsan, oo ay ku dhinteen ugu yaraan 213 qof, oo ay ku jiraan 61 carruur ah, ayaa loo badinayaa in ay ka dhigan tahay dembi dagaal, sida uu sheegay. Amnesty International.
Kumanaan gantaallo ah oo Xamaas ah oo aan loo meel dayin ayaa laga soo tuuray waqooyiga Gaza, kuwaas oo ay ku dhinteen 12 qof, sidoo kale waxay noqon kartaa dambiyada dagaalka, sida ay sheegtay kooxda xuquuqda.
Laakiin halka Xamaas ay bambooyinka inta badan laga soo ururiyey alaabta guriga lagu sameeyo iyo kuwa la tahriibiyo, kuwaas oo khatar ah sababtoo ah ma hanuunsan yihiin, Israa'iil waxay leedahay heer faneed, hub sax ah iyo mid u gaar ah. warshadaha hubka oo kobcaya. Waa dhoofinta siddeedaad ee hubka ugu weyn meeraha.
Hubka millatariga ee Israa'iil ayaa sidoo kale lagu xoojiyaa hub qiimihiisu yahay balaayiin doollar oo laga keeno dibadda.
Kuwani waa wadamada iyo shirkadaha hubka siiya Israa'iil, inkasta oo ay diiwaan gelisay eedeymaha dambiyada dagaalka.
United States
Maraykanka ayaa ilaa hadda ah hubka ugu badan ee loo dhoofiyo Israa’iil. Intii u dhaxaysay 2009-2020, in ka badan boqolkiiba 70 hubka ay Israel soo iibsatay waxa uu ka yimid Maraykanka, sida uu qabo Machadka Cilmi Baarista ee Stockholm International (Sipri) Xogta Wareejinta Hubka, oo ay ku jiraan oo keliya hubka waaweyn ee caadiga ah.
Marka loo eego lambarrada Sipri, Maraykanku wuxuu hub u dhoofin jiray Israa'iil sannad kasta tan iyo 1961-kii.
Way adagtahay in la raadraaco hubka dhabta ah ee la keenay, laakiin intii u dhaxaysay 2013-2017, Maraykanku wuxuu hub dhan $4.9bn (£3.3bn) u dhiibay Israel, sida ay sheegtay UK fadhigeedu yahay UK. Ololaha ka dhanka ah Ganacsiga Hubka (CAAT).
Bambaanooyinka uu Maraykanku sameeyo ayaa lagu sawiray Gaza maalmihii la soo dhaafay, sidoo kale.
Dhoofinta ayaa kor u kacday inkastoo marar badan oo ciidamada Israel lagu eedeeyay in ay dambiyo dagaal ka galeen Falastiiniyiinta.
Maraykanku wuxuu sii waday inuu hubka u dhoofiyo Israa'iil markii ay soo baxday 2009, tusaale ahaan, in ciidamada Israa'iil ay si aan kala sooc lahayn u isticmaaleen madaafiicda fosfooraska cad ee Falastiiniyiinta - dambi dagaal, sida uu qabo Human Rights Watch.
In 2014, Amnesty International Israa'iil waxay ku eedeeysay isla eedeynta weerarrada aan tooska ahayn ee lagu dilay dad badan oo rayid ah magaalada Rafah, ee koonfurta Gaza. Sannadkii xigay, qiimaha hubka Maraykanku u dhoofiyo Israa'iil wuxuu ku dhowaad labanlaabmay, sida laga soo xigtay tirooyinka Sipri.
Madaxweynaha Mareykanka Joe Biden"ayaa muujiyay sida uu u taageersan yahay xabad joojinta” Isniintii, cadaadis kaga yimid Dimuqraadiyiinta Senate-ka. Laakin waxa ay sidoo kale soo shaacbaxday horaantii maalintaas in maamulkiisu uu dhawaan ansixiyay $735m oo hub ah oo laga iibinayo Israel, Washington Post la sheegay. Dimuqraadiyiinta Guddiga Arrimaha Dibadda ee Aqalka ayaa la filayaa inay codsadaan maamulka dib u dhig iibka dib u eegis la sugayo.
Sida ku cad heshiiska kaalmada amniga ee u dhexeeya 2019-2028, Maraykanku wuxuu ogolaaday - iyadoo ku xiran ansixinta Congress-ka - in la siiyo Israel $3.8bn sanadkii maalgelinta ciidamada shisheeye, kuwaas oo intooda badan ay tahay in ay ku bixiso Hubka Maraykanka lagu sameeyo.
Taasi waa qiyaastii 20 boqolkiiba miisaaniyadda difaaca Israel, sida laga soo xigtay NBC, iyo ku dhawaad saddex-meelood meel saddexaad ee maalgelinta millatariga Maraykanka ee adduunka oo dhan.
Laakiin Maraykanku waxa kale oo uu mararka qaarkood bixiyaa dhaqaale dheeraad ah, oo ay ugu sarreyso tabarucaadkiisa sannadlaha ah. Waxay siisay an $1.6bn oo dheeri ah tan iyo 2011 ee nidaamka anti-gantaalada Iron Dome ee Israa'iil, oo leh qaybo ka mid ah in lagu sameeyay Maraykanka.
"Israel waxay leedahay warshado hub oo aad u horumarsan oo laga yaabo inay sii wadi karto duqeynta ugu yaraan muddo gaaban," Andrew Smith oo ka tirsan CAAT ayaa u sheegay Middle East Eye.
"Si kastaba ha ahaatee, diyaaradaheeda dagaalka ee ugu weyn waxay ka yimaadeen Maraykanka," ayuu raaciyay, isaga oo tixraacaya Diyaaradaha dagaalka ee Maraykanka F-16, kaas oo sii wada in uu garaaco Strip. "Xitaa haddii awoodda lagu dhisayo ay ka jirto Israa'iil, sida cad waxay qaadan doontaa waqti dheer in la isku keeno.
- Xagga hubka, qaar badan oo ka mid ah ayaa la soo dhoofiyaa, laakiin waxaan filayaa in laga soo saari karo Israa'iil. Sida iska cad, marka la eego xaaladdan mala awaalka ah, u gudubka soo saarista hub ee waddanku waxa ay qaadanaysaa wakhti mana noqon doonto mid raqiis ah.”
"Laakin iibka hubka waa in aan lagu arkin si gooni ah. Waxa ay taageerayaan taageero siyaasadeed oo qoto dheer,” Smith ayaa raaciyay. "Taageerada Mareykanka, gaar ahaan, waa mid aad u qiimo badan marka la eego ilaalinta qabsashada iyo sharciyeynta ololaha qaraxyada sida aan aragnay maalmihii la soo dhaafay."
Liiska dheer ee shirkadaha gaarka ah ee Maraykanka ee ku lug leh bixinta hubka Israel waxaa ka mid ah Lockheed Martin, Boeing; Northrop Grumman, General Dynamics, Ametek, UTC Aerospace, iyo Raytheon, marka loo eego CAAT.
Germany
Dalka labaad ee ugu badan ee hubka u dhoofiya Israa’iil waa Jarmalka, kaas oo 24% ka ahaa hubka ay Israa’iil soo dejisay intii u dhaxaysay 2009-2020.
Jarmalku ma bixiyo xog ku saabsan hubka uu keeno, laakiin waxa uu bixiyay shatiyo hub ah oo ay Israa’iil ka iibinayso qiimihiisu dhan yahay 1.6 bilyan oo Yuuro ($1.93bn) intii u dhaxaysay 2013-2017, sida ay sheegtay CAAT.
Tirokoobyada Sipri ayaa muujinaya in Jarmalku uu hub ka iibin jiray Israa’iil sannadihii 1960-aadkii iyo 1970-meeyadii, wuxuuna sidaas samayn jiray sannad walba tan iyo 1994-kii.
Wadahadalkii ugu horeeyay ee dhanka difaaca ee labada dal waxa uu soo bilowday 1957, sida uu sheegay Haaretz, kaas oo xusay in 1960-kii, Ra'iisul Wasaare David Ben-Gurion uu kula kulmay New York Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Jarmalka Konrad Adenauer oo uu ku nuuxnuuxsaday "Baahida Israel ee maraakiibta yar yar iyo gantaalaha lidka diyaaradaha".
Iyadoo Maraykanku uu ka caawiyay qaar badan oo ka mid ah baahiyaha difaaca hawada ee Israa'iil, Jarmalku wuxuu weli bixiyaa maraakiibta quusta.
Sameeyaha maraakiibta ee ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems ayaa dhisay lix Dolphin-hoosaadka Israel, sida laga soo xigtay CAAT, halka shirkadda Jarmalka ee Renk AG ay ka caawiso qalabaynta taangiyada Merkava ee Israel.
Hogaamiyaha Jarmalka Angela Merkel ayaa ka dhawaajisay "midnimadda" Israa'iil iyadoo la hadashay Netanyahu Isniintii, sida laga soo xigtay afhayeenkeeda, iyada oo dib u xaqiijinaysa "xaqa uu dalku u leeyahay inuu iska difaaco" weerarrada gantaalaha ee Xamaas.
Italy
Talyaanigu waa ku xiga, isagoo bixiyay 5.6 boqolkiiba hubka caadiga ah ee Israa'iil soo dejiso intii u dhaxaysay 2009-2020, sida ay sheegtay Sipri.
Intii u dhaxaysay 2013-2017, Talyaanigu wuxuu hub qiimihiisu yahay €476m ($581m) gaarsiiyay Israa'iil, sida ay sheegtay CAAT.
Labada dal ayaa sanadihii ugu dambeeyay sameeyay heshiisyo ay Israa’iil ku heshay diyaarado ay ku tababarto gantaalada iyo hubka kale, sida uu sheegay. War saxaafadeed.
Talyaanigu wuxuu ku biiray wadamada kale ee Yurub isagoo dhaleeceynaya deegaamaynta Israa'iil Sheekh Jarrax iyo meelo kale horraantii bishii May, laakiin waddanku wuxuu sii wadaa dhoofinta hubka.
Dekadda Livorno ma noqon doonto mid gacan ka geysata xasuuqa lagu hayo shacabka Falastiin.
– Unione Sindicale di Base, Italy
Shaqaalaha dekedda Livorno ayaa diiday Jimcihii in lagu raro markab hub sida dekedda Ashdood ee Israa'iil, ka dib markii ay ku wargelisay NGO-ga Talyaanigu The Weapon Watch waxa ku jira shixnaddeeda.
"Dekedda Livorno ma noqon doonto qayb ka mid ah xasuuqa dadka Falastiiniyiinta," Unione Sindicale di Base ayaa ku yiri qoraal.
Hubka Watch ayaa ku booriyay mas'uuliyiinta Talyaaniga inay joojiyaan "qaar ama dhammaan dhoofinta militariga Talyaani ee aagagga iskahorimaadka Israel iyo Falastiin".
AgustaWestland, oo ah shirkad talyaani ah oo la shaqeysa Leonardo, waxay sameysaa qaybo helikobtarrada weerarka Apache ay isticmaasho Israel, sida ay sheegtay CAAT.
Boqortooyada Ingiriiska
Boqortooyada Midowday (UK), inkasta oo aysan ku jirin xogta Sipri sannadihii la soo dhaafay, waxay sidoo kale ka iibisaa hubka Israel, waxayna siisay 400 milyan oo gini hub ah tan iyo 2015, sida ay sheegtay CAAT.
NGO-gu wuxuu ku baaqayaa in UK ay joojiso iibinta hubka iyo taageerada milatari ee ciidamada Israel iyo baaritaan haddii hubka UK loo adeegsaday duqeynta Gaza.
Qadarka dhabta ah ee UK ay u dhoofiso Israa'iil aad ayey uga badan tahay tirooyinka la heli karo, sababtoo ah nidaamka qarsoodiga ah ee iibka hubka, "shatiyada furan", asal ahaan ogolaanshaha dhoofinta, taas oo ilaalinaysa qiimaha hubka iyo tirooyinkooda qarsoodi ah.
Smith oo ka tirsan CAAT ayaa MEE u sheegay in qiyaastii 30-40 boqolkiiba hubka UK laga iibiyo Israa'iil ay u badan tahay in lagu sameeyo shati furan, laakiin "ma naqaanno" hubka ay yihiin ama sida loo isticmaalo.
"Haddii aysan dowladda UK billaabin baaritaankeeda, ma jirto waddo kale oo lagu go'aamiyo hubka la isticmaalay, aan ka ahayn ku tiirsanaanta sawirrada ka soo baxaya mid ka mid ah goobaha colaadaha ee ugu xun adduunka - taas oo aan ahayn hab ku habboon. warshadaha hubka in lagu xisaabtamo,” ayuu yiri Smith.
"Sida aan ku ogaano xadgudubyadan ayaa ah in aan ku tiirsanno dadka ku sugan aagagga dagaalka si ay sawirro uga qaadaan hubka hareerahooda ku dhacaya ama saxafiyiinta," Smith ayaa yiri.
"Taasina waxay la macno tahay in aan mar walba u qaadan karno in la isticmaalo hub aad u badan oo aynaan waligeen ogaan doonin."
Shirkadaha Britishka ah ee gaarka ah ee ka caawiya Israel inay siiso hubka ama qalabka militariga waxaa ka mid ah nidaamyada BAE; Atlas Elektronik UK; MPE; Meggitt, Penny + Xakamaynta Giles; Redmayne Engineering; Senior PLC; Land Rover; iyo G4S, sida laga soo xigtay CAAT.
Intaa waxaa dheer, UK ayaa qarashgareysa malaayiin gini sanadkii on nidaamyada hubka Israel. Elbit Systems, oo ah soosaaraha hubka ee ugu weyn Israa'iil, ayaa dhowr shirkadood ku leh UK, si la mid ah dhowr shirkadood oo hubka Mareykanka ah.
Mid ka mid ah warshadahooda Oldham ayaa bartilmaameed u ahayd dibad-baxayaasha Falastiiniyiinta ah bilihii la soo dhaafay.
Qaar badan oo ka mid ah hubka ay UK u dhoofisay Israa'iil - oo ay ku jiraan diyaaradaha, dronesBambaanooyinka gacanta laga tuuro, bambaanooyinka, gantaalada iyo rasaasta - "waa nooca hubka ee laga yaabo in loo isticmaalo ololaha duqeynta ah", sida lagu sheegay bayaan ka soo baxay CAAT, oo tixraacaya duqeymaha socda.
"Ma noqon doonto markii ugu horeysay," ayay raacisay.
Dib u eegis dawladeed 2014 ayaa la helay 12 shati Hubka ay u badan tahay in loo adeegsaday duqeyntii Gaza ee sanadkaas, halka 2010-kii, xoghayihii arrimaha dibadda ee xilligaas David Miliband uu sheegay in hubka lagu sameeyay UK uu "run ahaantii waa” loo adeegsaday ololihii duqeynta ee Israa’iil ee 2009kii.
"Waan ognahay in hubka UK lagu sameeyay horay loogu isticmaalay falastiiniyiinta, laakiin taasi ma aysan sameynin wax lagu hakiyo qulqulka hubka," ayuu yiri Smith.
"Waa in la hakiyo iibka hubka iyo in dib u eegis buuxda lagu sameeyo in hubka UK la isticmaalay iyo haddii ay ku lug leeyihiin dembiyo dagaal."
"Tobaneeyo sano hadda, dowladihii kala dambeeyay waxay ka hadlayeen sida ay uga go'an tahay dhisidda nabadda, iyagoo sii wadey hubeynta iyo taageerada ciidamada Israel," Smith ayaa ku daray. "Hubkaan iibka ah kaliya maaha inay bixiyaan taageero milatari, waxay sidoo kale soo diraan calaamad cad oo ah taageerada siyaasadeed ee la qabsiga iyo xannibaadda iyo rabshadaha la geysanayo."
Canada
Kanada ayaa ku dhawaad 0.3 boqolkiiba soo dejisay Israa'iil ee hubka caadiga ah intii u dhaxaysay 2009-2021, marka loo eego tirooyinka Sipri.
Mr.
Kanada waxay u dirtay $13.7m qalab milatari iyo tignoolajiyada Israel sanadka 2019, taasoo u dhiganta 0.4 boqolkiiba wadarta dhoofinta hubka, sida laga soo xigtay The Globe and Mail.
