Exclusive: Mukuvhara Hondo Yemashoko itsva, The New York Times yakarasikirwa nenhau dzevatapi venhau, ichishanda senzira isina kunaka inoshambadzira zvirevo zvinopokana neRussia zvinogona kudarika mutsetse kuita chitsotsi, anodaro Robert Parry.
naRobert Parry, ConsortiumNews
Mukunyara kutsva kweThe New York Times, nyanzvi yezvemifananidzo yakaburitsa hutsva hutsva, anti-Russian ongororo yemafoto esatellite ane chekuita nekupfurwa kweMalaysia Airlines Flight 17 kumabvazuva kweUkraine muna 2014, ichidaidza basa iri "hutsotsi. .”
Mugovera wapfuura, manheru ekutanga kwegore rechipiri renjodzi iyo yakauraya vanhu mazana maviri nemakumi mapfumbamwe nevasere, Times yakaratidza ongororo yeamateur ichiti hurumende yeRussia yakabata mafoto maviri esatellite akaburitsa zvombo zvekuUkraine zvinorwisa ndege kumabvazuva kweUkraine panguva yekupfura. -pasi.
Izvo zvinorehwa zvakajeka zve chinyorwa naAndrew E. Kramer yaive yekuti maRussia aivharidzira kubatanidzwa kwavo mukupfura pasi ndege yemuchadenga nezvinonzi doctoring mafoto kuti vape mhosva kumauto eUkraine. Kunze kwekutaura ongororo iyi nearmscontrolwonk.com, Kramer akaona kuti "vatapi venhau" veBellingcat vaive vasvika pamhedziso imwechete kare.
Asi Kramer neThe Times vakasiya kunze kuti ongororo yekutanga yeBellingcat yakatsemurwa nenyanzvi dzemifananidzo kusanganisira Dr. Neal Krawetz, muvambi weFotoForensics digital image analytical tool iyo Bellingcat yakanga yashandisa. Musvondo rapfuura, Bellingcat yanga ichisunda zvine hukasha ongororo itsva nearmscontrolwonk.com, iyo Bellingcat ine hukama hwepedyo nayo.
Vhiki rapfuura rino, Krawetz nedzimwe nyanzvi dzezvekuferefeta vakatanga kuyera ongororo iyi uye vakagumisa kuti yakatambura zvikanganiso zvakangofanana nekuongorora kwapfuura, kunyangwe vachishandisa imwe yekuongorora. Tichifunga kukwidziridzwa kwaBellingcat kweiyi ongororo yechipiri neboka rine zvinongedzo kuBellingcat uye muvambi waro Eliot Higgins, Krawetz akaona ongororo mbiri idzi sedzinobva kunzvimbo imwe chete, Bellingcat.
"Kusvetukira kumhedzisiro isiriyo imwe nguva inogona kuve nekuda kwekusaziva," Krawetz akatsanangura mune blog post. "Zvisinei, kushandisa chishandiso chakasiyana pane imwechete data iyo inopa mibairo yakafanana, uye vachiri kusvetukira kumhedziso isiriyo imwe cheteyo kutaura zvisizvo noune uye kunyengera. Hutsotsi.”
Muenzaniso Wemhosho
Krawetz nedzimwe nyanzvi dzakaona kuti shanduko dzisina mhosva kumifananidzo, sekuwedzera bhokisi remazwi uye kuchengetedza iyo mifananidzo mumafomati akasiyana, yaizotsanangura izvo zvisina kunaka zvakaonekwa naBellingcat neshamwari dzayo paarmscontrolwonk.com. Ndiyo yaive mhosho huru yakaonekwa naKrawetz gore rapfuura mukutsanangudza ongororo yakashata yaBellingcat.
Krawetz akanyora kuti: “Gore rapfuura, boka rainzi 'Bellingcat' rakabuda nechishumo chendege yeMH17, yakapfurwa pedyo nemuganhu weUkraine/Russia. Mumushumo wavo, vakashandisa FotoForensics kupembedza zvavaitaura. Zvisinei, sezvandiri yakaratidza mune yangu blog yekupinda, vakaishandisa zvisiri izvo. Matambudziko makuru mumushumo wavo:
"-Kuregeredza kunaka. Vaiongorora mapikicha kubva kunzvimbo dzisina chokwadi. Iyi yaive yemhando yemifananidzo yakaderera yaive yaitwa scaling, kucheka, uye zvirevo.
"-Kuona zvinhu. Kunyangwe nezvakabuda kubva kune maturusi ekuongorora, ivo vakasvetukira kune mhedziso dzisina kutsigirwa nedata.
"-Bata uye chinja. Mharidzo yavo yakataura chinhu chimwe, ndokuedza kuipembedza nekuongorora kwakaratidza chimwe chinhu chakasiyana.
"Bellingcat nguva pfupi yadarika akabuda aine mushumo wechipiri. Chikamu chekuongorora chemifananidzo cheshumo yavo chaivimba zvakanyanya nechirongwa chinonzi 'Tungstène'. … Nemaitiro esainzi, hazvina basa kuti ndeupi chombo chaunoshandisa. Mhedziso inofanirwa kudzokororwa kunyangwe akawanda maturusi uye akawanda algorithms.
"Mumwe wemifananidzo yavakamhanya kunyangwe Tungstène wanga uri mufananidzo wegore wavakashandisa neELA [kukanganisa kwemazinga]. Uye zvisingashamisi, yakaburitsa mhedzisiro yakafanana - mhedzisiro inofanirwa kududzirwa seyakaderera mhando uye yakawanda revha. … Mhedzisiro iyi inoratidza mufananidzo wakaderera uye wakachengetwa kakawanda, uye kwete kushandura nemaune sekupedza kwakaita Bellingcat.
"Senge gore rapfuura, Bellingcat akataura kuti Tungstène yakaratidza zviratidzo zvekuchinja munzvimbo dzakafanana dzavaiti vakaona shanduko mumhedzisiro yeELA. Bellingcat yakashandisa iyo yakaderera yemhando data pamaturusi akasiyana uye yakasvetukira kumhedzisiro imwechete isiriyo. "
Kunyangwe Krawetz akatumira dissection yake yekuongorora kutsva nemusi weChina, akatanga kutaura zvaimunetsa nguva pfupi mushure mekunge chinyorwa che Times chabuda. Izvi zvakakurudzira Higgins nechikwata cheBellingcat kuti vatange chirongwa cheTwitter chekuzvidza Krawetz neni (nekudawo achitaura matambudziko nechinyorwa che Times uye ongororo).
Kana mumwe wevabatsiri vaHiggins zvakataurwa nyaya yangu yekutanga padambudziko rekuongorora mapikicha, Krawetz akaona kuti zvandakaona zvakatsigira chinzvimbo chake chekuti Bellingcat akange akanganisa ongororo (kunyangwe panguva iyoyo ndakanga ndisingazivi nezvekushoropodzwa kwaKrawetz).
Higgins akapindura Krawetz, "iye [Parry] haazive kuti uri tsotsi. Pamwe nekuti ane hack futi."
Kuwedzera kunyomba Krawetz, Higgins akaseka ongororo yake yemifananidzo inoongororwa na kunyora: “zvese zvaanazvo ndezvokuti ndinotaura kudaro, muromo hauna tirauzi.”
Spoiled by Rumbidzai
Sezviri pachena, Higgins, anoshanda kunze kweLeicester, England, akura akanganiswa nekurumbidzwa kwese kwaakaitwa neThe New York Times, The Washington Post, The Guardian uye zvimwe zvinyorwa zvakakurumbira kunyangwe hazvo rekodhi yeBellingcat ndeyehurombo. .
Semuenzaniso, mukupururudza kwake kukuru kwekutanga, Higgins akadzokorora nhema dzeUS muSyria nezve 21 Aug. 2013 sarin gasi kurwisa - achipomera Mutungamiri Bashar al-Assad - asi akamanikidzwa kudududza kubva pakuongorora kwake apo. nyanzvi dzezvendege dzakaburitswa kuti chombo chinotakura sarin chaive nemakiromita angangoita maviri chete, ipfupi pane yaifungidzirwa naHiggins mukupomera kurwiswa kwemauto ehurumende yeSyria. (Zvisinei nekukanganisa kukuru uku, Higgins akaenderera mberi achiti hurumende yeSyria yaive nemhosva.)
Higgins akapawo chirongwa cheAustralia "Maminitsi makumi matanhatu" nzvimbo yekumabvazuva kweUkraine uko "getaway" Buk missile bhatiri yainzi yakatorwa vhidhiyo munzira yekudzokera kuRussia, kunze kwekuti kana vashandi venhau vakasvika ikoko zvikwangwani hazvina kuenderana, zvichikonzera chirongwa chekuvimba nekugadzirisa-kwe-ruoko kunyengedza vaoni vayo.
Pandakaona kusawirirana uye ndakatumira zviratidziro kubva kuchirongwa che "60 Minutes" kuratidza manyepo, "Maminitsi makumi matanhatu" akatanga chirongwa chekundituka uye. resorted to mamwe mavhidhiyo tricks uye kubiridzira chaiko kwenhau mukudzivirira ruzivo rwakaipa rwaHiggins.
Iyi nzira yekureva nhema uye kubiridzira kusimudzira nyaya idzi hakuna kumisa vezvenhau vekuMadokero kubva kumvura Higgins naBellingcat vachirumbidza. Zvimwe hazvirwadzise kuti "kuburitswa" kwaBellingcat kunogara kuchienderana nedzidziso dzenhema dzinobva kuhurumende dzekuMadokero.
Zvinoitika zvakare kuti vese Higgins uye "armscontrolwonk.com" vane crossover muvashandi, vakadai saMelissa Hanham, munyori pamwe weMH-17 mushumo anonyorerawo Bellingcat, sezvinoita Aaron Stein, uyo. vakabatana mukusimudzira Higgins's work pa "armscontrolwonk.com."
Mapoka maviri aya ane hukamawo neboka rinomirira NATO, Atlantic Council, iyo yanga iri pamberi mukusundira NATO Cold War neRussia. Higgins ikozvino yakanyorwa se "asingagari mukuru mukuru paAtlantic Council's Future Europe Initiative" uye armcontrolwonk.com anotsanangura Stein semunhu asiri mugari wepaAtlantic Council's Rafik Hariri Center yeMiddle East.
Armscontrolwonk.com inofambiswa nenyanzvi dzekuparadzira nyukireya kubva kuMiddlebury Institute for International Studies kuMonterey, asi vanoita kunge vasina hunyanzvi hwekuita mafoto forensics.
Dambudziko Rakadzama
Asi dambudziko rinodzika zvakanyanya kupfuura akati wandei mawebhusaiti uye mablogiki anozviona zvichisimudzira nehunyanzvi kusimbisa dingindira reparaganda kubva kuNATO nezvimwe zvinofarirwa nekuMadokero. Njodzi hombe ibasa rinoitwa nevezvenhau mukugadzira echo chamber kukwidziridza disinformation inouya kubva kune ava amateurs.
Sezvakangoita The New York Times, The Washington Post nezvimwe zvitoro zvikuru zvakamedza nyaya dzenhema pamusoro peWMD yeIraq muna 2002-2003, vakadya nemufaro panzira dzakafanana dzeSyria, Ukraine neRussia.
Uye sezvakangoita nenjodzi yeIraq, apo isu vedu vakapokana neWMD "boka vakafunga" vakadzingwa se "Saddam apologists," ikozvino tava kunzi "Assad apologists" kana "Putin apologists" kana kungo "hacks" avo vari " muromo wose, kwete tirauzi” - chero zvazvinoreva.
Semuyenzaniso, muna 2013 maererano neSyria, The Times yakaburitsa nyaya yepeji yekumberi ichishandisa “vector analysis” kutsvaga kurwiswa kwasarin kudzokera kumuzinda wemauto eSyria anenge makiromita mapfumbamwe kubva ipapo, asi kuwanikwa kwechikamu chipfupi chechombo cheSarin chakamanikidza Nguva dzeku recant nyaya yayo, iyo yakanga yakafanana nezvainyorwa naHiggins.
Zvadaro, mukushuva kwayo kuburitsa nhema dzinopokana neRussia maererano neUkraine muna 2014, Times yakatodzokera kumutori wenhau kubva kuIraq-mazuva enhema. Michael R. Gordon, akanyora pamwe nezvechinyorwa chakashata che "aluminium tubes" muna 2002 icho chakasundira manyepo ekuti Iraq yaigadzira zvakare chirongwa chezvombo zvenyukireya, yakagamuchirwa.imwe disinformation itsva kubva kuDhipatimendi reHurumende iyo yataurwa mapikicha anonzi anoratidza masoja eRussia muRussia obva abudazve muUkraine.
Chero mutori wenhau akakomba angadai akaziva maburi ari munyaya sezvo zvisiri pachena kuti mapikicha akatorwa kupi kana kuti mifananidzo isina kujeka yaive vanhu vamwechete, asi hazvina kupa Times kumbomira. Nyaya yacho yaitungamirira papeji yokutanga.
Zvisinei, mazuva maviri chete gare gare, scoop akafuuka pazvakazoitika kuti mufananidzo wakakosha unofungidzirwa kuti unoratidza boka revarwi muRussia, uyo akazoonekwazve kumabvazuva kweUkraine, akatorwa muUkraine, achiparadza mamiriro enyaya yacho yese.
Asi nyadzi idzi hadzina kudzikisira shungu dzeTimes dzekubvisa nhema dzekupokana neRussia pese pazvinogoneka. Asi, kumwe kumonyorora kutsva ndekwekuti Times haingotori zvirevo zvenhema zvakananga kubva kuhurumende yeUS; inotorawo kubva muhudyu "citizen journalism" Webhusaiti seBellingcat.
Munyika umo pasina munhu anotenda zvinotaurwa nehurumende nzira itsva yakangwara yekuparadzira nhema ndeye "vanhu vekunze" vakadaro.
Saka, The Times 'Kramer akafara chaizvo kuwana nyaya itsva kubva paWebhu iyo yaiti maRussia akanga atora mafoto epasetelaiti eUkraine Buk anti-aircraft missile mabhatiri ekumabvazuva kweUkraine nguva pfupi MH-17 isati yapfura.
Panzvimbo pekubvunza hunyanzvi hwefoto-forensic hwenyanzvi dzekuparadzira nyukireya paarmscontrolwonk.com, Kramer akangoburitsa zvavakawana sehumwe humbowo hwezvakambotaurwa naBellingcat. Kramer akasekawo maRussia nekuyedza kuvhara nzira dzavo ne "rangano dzidziso."
Kufuratira Uchapupu Hwehurumende
Asi pakanga paine humwe humbowo hwakakosha hwekuti Times yakavanda kubva kune vaverengi vayo: humbowo hunobva kuWestern intelligence kuti mauto eUkraine aive ane simba rekurwisa ndege mabhatiri ekumabvazuva kweUkraine munaChikunguru 17, 2014, uye kuti vapanduki veRussia havana. 't
mune ripoti yakabudiswa muna Gumiguru wapfuura, Netherlands' Military Intelligence and Security Service (MIVD) yakati zvichibva paruzivo rwe “chakavanzika chenyika”, zvaizivikanwa kuti Ukraine yakanga ine ekare asi “ane simba rekurwisa ndege” uye “akawanda emasitimu aya aivepo. kurutivi rwokumabvazuva rwenyika.” MIVD yakawedzera kuti vapanduki vakashaya simba iroro:
"Kuparara kusati kwaitika, veMIVD vaiziva kuti, pamusoro pepfuti dzakareruka dzendege, maSeparatist aivewo nemasisitimu edziviriro emhepo anotakurika (man-portable air-defence systems; MANPADS) uye kuti vanogona kunge vaine mota dzenguva pfupi- inotakura air-defence systems. Marudzi ese ari maviri emasisitimu anoonekwa seanopotsera-kune-mhepo (SAMs). Nekuda kwehuwandu hwavo hushoma, havaite njodzi kune vagari vendege pakukwira kwechikepe. "
Sezvo hungwaru hweDutch huri chikamu cheNATO intelligence apparatus, chirevo ichi chinoreva kuti NATO uye pamwe nehungwaru hweUS vanogovana maonero akafanana. Nekudaro, maRussia angave nechikonzero chidiki chekunyepedzera mafoto avo epa satellite anoratidza mabhatiri ekuUkraine anopokana nendege kumabvazuva kweUkraine kana mafoto eWest satellite achiratidza chinhu chimwe chete.
Asi pane chikonzero chakaita kuti Times nemamwe mabhuku makuru arege kuteerera gwaro rehurumende yeDutch iri - nekuti kana zviri izvo, zvinoreva kuti vanhu chete vangadai vakapfura MH-17 ndevemauto eUkraine. Izvo zvaizoshandura-pasi-pasi inodiwa propaganda rondedzero ichipomera maRussia mhosva.
Zvakadaro, kudzimwa kwemushumo weDutch kunoreva kuti Times nedzimwe nzvimbo dzekuMadokero dzakasiya basa ravo rehutori venhau kuti vape humbowo hwese hwakakosha panyaya yakakosha zvikuru - vachiunza kumatare edzimhosva mhondi dze298 vanhu vasina mhosva. Panzvimbo pekuti “nhau dzese dzakakodzera kudhindwa,” Times iri kurongedza nyaya yacho nekusiya humbowo hunoenda “nenzira isiri iyo”.
Ehe, panogona kunge paine tsananguro yekuti vese NATO neRussia njere vangasvika sei kune imwechete "kukanganisa" mhedziso yekuti mauto eUkraine chete angadai akapfura MH-17, asi Times uye mamwe ese eWestern mainstream media anogona ' t zvine hunhu kungonyepedzera humbowo husipo.
Kutoti, chokwadika, chinangwa chako chaicho chiri chokuparadzira mashoko anoparadzirwa, kwete kubudisa nhau. Zvadaro, ndinofunga maitiro eTimes, zvimwe zvinyorwa zveMSM uye, hongu, Bellingcat inoita zvine musoro.
[Kuti uwane zvakawanda nezvenyaya iyi, ona Consortiumnews.com's “MH-17: Makore maviri eAnti-Russian Propaganda"Uye"NYT Yakarasika muUkraine Propaganda Yayo. "]
