Nei Tichiri NeBomba?

NaWilliam J. Perry naTom Z. Collina, Nyamavhuvhu 4, 2020

From CNN

William J. Perry akashanda sesecretretary yekudzivirira yekutsvaga nekugadzira engineering muCarter management uye semunyori wezvekudzivirira muhutongi hwaClinton. Parizvino anotungamira mari isiri yemubhadharo William J. Perry chirongwa chekudzidzisa ruzhinji nezve kutyisidzira kwenyukireya. Tom Z. Collina is director of policy pa Plowshares Fund, hwaro hwekuchengetedzeka kwepasirese hwakavakirwa muWashington, DC, uye wakashanda pane zvombo zenyukireya nyaya dzemakumi matatu emakore. Ndivo vanyori ve- bhuku idzva "Bhatani: Rudzi Nyowani rwezvombo zvenyukireya uye Simba reMutungamiriri kubva kuTruman kusvika kuTrump.

Mutungamiri Harry Truman vangadai vasina kunyatsonzwisisa simba rebhomba reatomu apo - pakuraira kwavo - United States yakadonhedza maviri paHiroshima neNagasaki makore 75 apfuura. Asi paakangoona mhedzisiro ine njodzi - maguta maviri ari matongo, aine yekupedzisira nhamba yevakafa iyo yakasvika ku Inofungidzirwa 200,000 (maererano neDhipatimendi reMagetsi nhoroondo yeManhattan Project) - Truman vakatsunga kusazomboshandisa Bhomba zvakare uye akatsvaga "kubvisa zvombo zveatomiki sezvombo zvehondo," (Paakazotevera akaramba kutonga kunze kushandisa The Bomb panguva yeKorea Hondo, iye pakupedzisira haana kutora danho iro).

Ramangwana maAmerican mapurezidhendi kubva kumapato maviri aya vakabvumirana zvakanyanya naTruman pane ino pfungwa. “Hamungambove nerudzi urwu rwehondo. Hakuna mabulldozer anokwana kubvisa mitumbi mumigwagwa, ” akati Mutungamiri Dwight Eisenhower muna 1957. Makumi gumi gare gare, muna 1968, Mutungamiri Lyndon Johnson zvakasinwa Chibvumirano chenyika dzese chichiisa US mukubvisa zvombo zvenyukireya ichiri kushanda nanhasi. Kutarisana nekuratidzira kwakawanda muma1980 uye mushure mekutanga kuomesa musoro neyekune nyukireya, Mutungamiri Ronald Reagan vakatsvaka "kubviswa zvachose" kwezvombo zvenyukireya "kubva pachiso chenyika." Zvino, muna 2009, Mutungamiri Barack Obama akapinda muhofisi kutsvaka “Rugare nokuchengeteka kwenyika isina zvombo zvenyukireya.”

Kunyangwe zvirevo zvakadaro uye kuedza kwakadzokororwa pamazinga akanyanya ehurumende kurambidza Iyo Bhomba, ichiri mupenyu uye yakagwinya. Ehe, US neRussia arsenals aramba zvakakura kubva pakukwirira kweCold War, kubva pamusoro 63,476 warheads muna 1986, paBulletin of the Atomic Scientists, kusvika gumi nemakumi manomwe nenomwe pagore, according kune iyo Federation yeAmerican Scientists - yakakwana kuparadza nyika kakawanda pamusoro.

Zvino, pasi pemutungamiri wenyika, VaDonald Trump, Bhomba iri kusangana nechinhu chekusimudzira. VaTrump ndivo kuronga kushandisa mari inodarika US $ 1 trillion pane US yenyukireya yehondo mumakumi matatu emakore anotevera. Kunyangwe isu tine zvinhu zviri nani kwazvo kushandisa mari pacho, sekupindura kumakona nekuvaka hupfumi hwenyika, vamiriri veBomb vakagutsa Congress kuti ibatsire zvirongwa zvenyukireya kutsiva nzou dzepasi pevhu, mabhomba uye zvombo zvekupaza nyika-zvinoita sekunge Cold. Hondo hazvina kumbopera. Nhengo zhinji dzeCongress hadzisi kuda kupokana nevakuru vePentagon nevanozvidzivirira vanosimudzira zvombo zvenyukireya, nekutya kuti vacharwiswa nevanopikisa se "vakapfava" pakudzivirira.

Panguva imwecheteyo, hutongi hwaTrump hunosiya zvibvumirano zvekudzora zvombo. VaTrump akabva kubva kuChipiri-Range Nuclear Forces Chibvumirano gore rakapera uye iri kuramba kukwidziridza New Start Chibvumirano chinopera muna Kukadzi 2021. Izvi zvaizotisiya tisina mvumo yakavimbiswa paRussia yenyukireya kekutanga mumakumi mashanu emakore, uye zvingangatipinze mumakwikwi matsva ehondo.

Saka chii chakatadza? Isu tinoongorora uyu mubvunzo mune yedu bhuku idzva, "Bhatani: Rudzi Nyowani rweNyukireya Arms uye Simba reMutungamiri kubva kuTruman kuenda kuTrump." Izvi ndizvo zvatakawana.

1. Bhomba harina kuzomboenda. Zvakatora musangano wezvematongerwo enyika une simba kuma1980s, zvakanyanya kufanana neBlack Lives Matter kufamba nhasi maererano nekutora kwakawanda kweruzhinji kunyanya pakati pevechidiki, kupenya nzvimbo kune njodzi dzenhabvu yenyukireya maoko uye pakupedzisira kuzvipedza. Asi sezvo maArsenals akadzika mushure mekupera kweCold War mukutanga kwa1990, ruzhinji rwakanyanya kufungidzira kuti maitiro aya achazvitarisira. Kunetseka kuchinjirwa kune dzimwe nyaya dzakakosha, dzakadai sekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, kusaenzana kwemadzinza uye kudzora kwepfuti. Asi pasina kunyanya kumanikidzwa neruzhinji, kunyange kukurudzira vatungamiriri vakaita saObama vakazviona zvakandiomera kuvaka uye kuchengetedza zvematongerwo enyika zvinodiwa kuti ashandure yakadzika midziyo.
2. Bhomba rinokura mumumvuri. Inoshanda pazasi radar yezvematongerwo enyika, iyo hutongi hweTrump uye ma pro-nyukireya masheya, akadai seyaimbova National Security Advisor John Bolton uye Mumiriri wePurezidhendi Anokosha weArms Control Marshall Billingslea, vatora mukana wakazara wekusakendenga kwevanhu. Bhomba ikozvino rave imwe nyaya yekuti maRepublicans ashandise kuita maDemocrat kuti aite kunge "asina kusimba." Senyaya yezvematongerwo enyika, Bhomba rine muto wakaringana pakati pevanochengetedza kuti vachengetedze maDemocrat mazhinji kuzvidzivirira, asi hazvina kukwana neruzhinji rwevanhu kuti vasimbise maDemocrat kuti ashandire shanduko chaiyo.
3. Mutungamiri akazvipira haana kukwana. Kunyangwe kana mutungamiri anotevera akazvipira kushandura US nyukireya, kamwe muhofisi iye achasangana nekushora kukuru kushandura kubva kuCongress neanodzivirira makondirakiti, pakati pevamwe, izvo zvichange zvakaoma kukunda pasina rutsigiro rwakasimba kubva kuruzhinji. Tinoda dunhu rakasimba rekunze kumanikidza mutungamiri kuti auye. Isu tine simba rakawanda rekufamba pamusoro pekodzero dzeveruzhinji uye zvimwe zvinhu, asi kazhinji, hazvisanganisiri neruvengo. Uyezve, yakawanda yemari inoyerera mukuvakwa kwenyukireya inogona kushandiswa seyabhadhara pasi kugadzirisa zvinhu zvakakosha segoronavirus, kudziya kwepasirese uye kuenzana kwemarudzi. Pakupedzisira, Bomu richiripo nesu nekuti, kusiyana nema1980s, hapana ruzhinji rwendo rwunoda kuti tipe. Uye hapana mari inooneka yezvematongerwo enyika kune ivo vatungamiriri kana nhengo dzeCongress vanoramba vachivhotera mari yakawandisa yezvombo zvenyukireya kana kudzikisira zvibvumirano zvinovatadzisa.

Kutyisidzira kubva kuBhomba hakuna kuenda. Muchokwadi, ivo vakawedzera kukura nekufamba kwenguva. Mutungamiri Trump ane simba chete kutanga hondo yenyukireya. Aigona kutanga zvombo zvenyukireya pakupindura alarm yekunyepa, njodzi compped nekutyisidzira kwe cyber. Iwo mauto Emhepo ari kuvaka zvakare US-yakavakirwa ballistic makomba madhora zana emamiriyoni kunyangwe inogona kuwedzera njodzi yekutanga yenyukireya nekukanganisa.

Makumi manomwe nemashanu emakore mushure meHiroshima neNagasaki, tiri kuenda nenzira isiriyo. Yasvika nguva yekuti veruzhinji veAmerica vatarise nezvehondo yenyukireya - zvakare Tikasaita, vatungamiriri vedu havadaro. Tikasapedza Bhomba, Bhomba rinotipedza.