NaDavid Swanson, February 25, 2019
Ndanyora pamberi pamusoro pezvinyorwa-sayenzi yemageneti, iyo inenge yakangwara sezvinonyatsonzwisiswa nayo. Tsika yedu yakagara ichiratidza kuti Oliver Twist aigona kukura pakati-kirasi mumatumba nekuda kwezvaakagara nhaka. Asi munguva iyo masayendisiti ari mune mafirimu akakurumbira ane geneticists, zvinhu zvakawana nuttier.
Bhuku nemavhidhiyo anonzi Mudzimai Wekufamba Kwenguva inopa mufananidzo wakajeka weanenge nenzira iyo vanhu vakawanda vanofunga nezvemajini. Chimiro che "genetic defect" chinoita kuti agare achidzokera shure kana mberi kune mamwe makore kana mwedzi. Apo anoziva zviitiko zvemuzouya, zvakadai sekukunda nhamba yejiji, anokwanisa kukunda lottery. Asi kana zviitiko zviri. . . zvakanaka, chero chimwe chinhu kunze kwekotori, haakwanisi kuchinja. Kana achiziva kuti amai vake vachafira mumotokari yemotokari, haagoni kumuudza kuti arege kupinda mumotokari. Apo paanoziva kuti achazopfurwa, haagoni kutora.
Iye zvino, izvi hazviiti kuti uwedzere kunzwisisa pane zvinetso zvemazuva ose-kufamba fikisi (zvakadai sekuti: chii chakashandurwa nomumwe munhu asingakunda lottery?). Izvi zvinoreva kuti hatina kupa tsanangudzo yekuti sei asingakwanisi kutora kana kutora amai vake kumhanya kwemarefu, kana chii chaizoitika kana akaedza. Isu takangoudzwa kuti hapana chinogona kuchinjwa. Zvose zvakagara zvatemwa pasinei nokuzviziva, uye zvakagara zvatemwa nemajeni - izvo zvinongowanikwa chete nemashiripiti ejotori.
Zvitubu hazvibviri kunobva simba idzodzo. Zvimwe 90% zvemajeni ako zvakafanana nemajeni mumushonga. Pamusoro pe99.9 muzana yemakemikari ako akafanana nemafuta angu. Saka, pane zvishoma kwatiri isu kana mazita edu ekukwikwidzana pamusoro pekuberekwa, uye zvinonzwisisika kutaura kuti mutsa kune mhombwe unotungamirirwa nehupenzi-gene pseudo-Darwin sezvo ichiita kuti vanhu vaite zvepabonde. Mukuwedzera, muviri wako unowedzera mamiriyoni e10 nguva dzakawanda sejeni risati riri munhu zvachose sezvazviri; idzi ndiyo maitiro ezviduku zviduku zvinogara mumatumbo ako uye kune imwe nzvimbo-uye zvinokonzera unhu hwako; saka epigenetic inoshanduka kune majeni enyu mumazera akare uye enyu pachavo. Saizvozvowo kudya kwaamai vako, uye zviitiko zvako kare uye nguva pfupi mushure mokuberekwa, uye pamakore ekutanga, kusanganisira kudya kwako uye kusvibiswa munzvimbo yako.
Kunyange zvazvo kushandiswa kusinganzwisisiki kwekushungurudzwa kwomwana kunogona kuva nemigumisiro pamitemo yevanhu vakazotevera, nyaya yacho yakaitwa mubhuku raDarcia Narvaez Neurobiology uye Kuvandudzwa kweMitemo Yevanhu: Evhangeri, Tsika, uye Uchenjeri, ndeyekurera vana muzuva rekuMadokero kunoita kuti vanhu vakuru vave nekukanganisa kwetsika izvo zvinoita kurera vana mumapoka mashoma evashamba-vatori vasingatauri. Tinotarisira kuti vana vatambudzike, vana vanochema zvikuru, vana vaduku vanozvibata se "vaviri vanotyisa," uye vari kuyaruka kuti vapinde mumatambudziko. Tinozivisa zvinhu zvakadaro "zvakajairika," kunyange zvazvo, inotaura nezveNarvaez, ivo havasi ivo vakanaka mucheche-band hunter-gatherer tsika dzakakonzerwa nehuwandu huripo iye zvino kusvika kumarudzi evanhu.
Narvaez inokwidziridza zvinhu zvakawanda kunze kwemajeni ane unhu hwevanhu mune dzimwe tsika dzakatarwa neVesterners kuti vanenge vasinganzwisisi rugare: the Ifaluk weMicronesia avo vakatya, vanotya, uye vakarwara neHollywood kuratidzwa kwekuponda kwevana veUnited States kazhinji vakaona kashoma nguva; ivo Semai veMalaysia vanotsanangura kusakwana kwavo kwechisimba kune vanopikisa nekutaura kuti avo vanorwisa vangangodaro vakarwadzisa.
Ndeapi rudzi rwehuduku hwekutanga hunoita kuti uve nerunyararo? Kupa humwe humwe hunoti: humwe hunoita hutano husati hwavapo, kusangana kwezvinodiwa nokukurumidza, kuvapo kwepanyama nguva dzose nekubata, kunwisa nekuyaruka kwe4, vazhinji vanochengeta vakura, kubatsirana kwakanaka kwevanhu, uye kutamba kusununguka mumasikirwo nevatambi vemajeri vakawanda.
Narvaez anotaura kuti vanhu vakuru vanogona kuchinja, uye vangangobvuma kuti vazhinji vedu tinofanira. Izvi zvinoreva kuti isu tinogona kuzvishandura isu, kwete kungorera vana. Asi sangano ratakagadzira ikozvino, kuburikidza nemazana emakore-yakareba utsinye hwekugara kwekutya uye kutambura, kwakaguma nehuwandu hwevanhu avo mune dzakawanda dzakawanda dzinoshuva zvakanyanya kufarira kune avo vanoziva uye vakachengeteka, pfungwa yepamusoro, zvakare kutsamwa kukuru, kutya kwakanyanya, kuda kwazvo kutonga. Aya maitiro haasi "maitiro evanhu" nemhinduro chero ipi zvayo yezwi risingatauriki, asi ndizvo chaizvo izvo vanhu vanotengesa hondo kuVenezuela sekunaka kwekunaka kuda kuona kune vateereri vavo.
Bhuku raNarvaez rakapfuma uye rakaoma uye rinotarisa mumatongerwo emitambo kunze kwevana vaduku, kusanganisira simba remafungiro anofungidzirwa kana ezvinyengeri kushandura pfungwa dzevanhu dzechokwadi. Zvinotarisirwa kana bhomba riita kuti nyika ive nzvimbo iri nani mumitambo yemavhidhiyo kunyange kana iri "kuvaraidzwa chete."
Bhuku racho rinoshandawo mumutauro weeurobiology, nzvimbo yandinoti haikwanisi. Kune avo vanokoshesa mutauro iwoyo, pano, ndiko kuita kuti nyaya yacho isapesane ne "simba" re "majini" kana "chimiro." Iyi nzira inongouya nemamwe masayendisiti ezvesayenzi. Maitiro evanhu akacherechedza munguva yakapfuura, somuenzaniso naSigmund Freud, haatauri seakaonekwa asi asi, "intuited." Chero bedzi iyo yaive yakaonekwa muuropi ingadai yave "yaonekwa."
Uye zvakadaro, kumhanya kuburikidza nebhuku raNarvaez ndechimwe chinhu chisingabvumirwi nesayenzi che "chimiro" uye "chimiro" uye "chimiro chevanhu." Migumisiro yekuramba tichishungurudzika, tinoudzwa, inogona kutaridzika kunge isina kukwana mutsika apo "chaizvoizvo inoratidzika . "Nheyo iyo munyori arikuita mundima yacho, ndeyechokwadi, kuti zvose zviri zviviri. Asi zvipenyu chete zvinowanzova "chaiye."
"Unhu hwevanhu" ndeyekare yekuzvidzivirira kune chero chinhu chinonyadzisa. Handina kukanganwira kana kukanganwa kana kubatsira kana kunzwisisa kana kutora bhomba kana kuchengetedza amai vangu kubva mukuputsika kwemotokari nekuda kwe "chimiro chevanhu." Ndinofunga kuti pfungwa inokuvadza kunyange kana mumwe achiedza kuzvitsanangura se "maererano nevakawanda zvinowanzoonekwa kana zviito zvinonakidza zvevaduku vashambadzi vechivhimi. "Chimwe chinhu, pane kugadzirisa kwemashoko maviri akasiyana mune tsanangudzo iyoyo. Nokuda kwechinhu chimwe, iyo tsanangudzo kwete mukudikanwa kwezita idzva, zita zvishoma. Kune imwezve chinhu, hapana humwe uchapupu hwokuti vanhu vakamboshuva kuva kana kuti tinofanira kuda kuti ivo vave vakafanana kune umwe neumwe. Uye, kuwedzera, tinoda tsika dzakanaka iko zvino uye itsva (ona pasi apa).
Zvino, pane kupokana kuri pachena kune pfungwa yekuti hondo iri mutsika nemagariro edu pane magene edu, ekuti hondo dzinowanzo sazivikanwa. Zvichida hondo iri mukushaiwa kwedu kwedemokrasi. Vanhu veOkinawa vakangovhota pasi imwe nzvimbo yeuto reUS zvekare. Asi hapana munhu ane hanya nazvo. Base iri kuvakwa zvakadaro. Ini ndinotenda zvese tsananguro dzehondo ichokwadi. Tichifunga nezvekushomeka kweruzhinji, isu tinoda tsika inopesana nehondo kupfuura iyi.
Panewo kukanganisa kwakagadzirwa nezviitiko zvenguva pfupi nepfungwa yandinoona mubhuku raNarvaez kuti munhu akanaka, ane mutsa, akachengetedzeka, anofambidzana munhu ane tsika. Kuva netsika ikozvino ndeyekubatanidzwa mune radical nonviolent kushingaira kunopesana nekuparadzwa kwemamiriro okunze nehondo. Kuti uve chimwe chinhu, pasinei nokuti iwe uri chakanaka sei, ndeyekuita unzenza. Unhu hwedu hune hupombwe hwakagadzira ichi chidimbu chemaitiro matsva. Ndiyo iyo yakawanda yezvizvarwa zvakapfuura zvevanhu zvisati zvatarisana. Uchenjeri hwavo nemuenzaniso wavo zvinodiwa, asi hazvina kukwana.
Mafungiro angu ekutsika anogona kubva kune imwe mamiriro kune imwe, sezvinoratidzwa neNarvaez, asi ini handizviwani pakarepo ndichibatsigira fossil fuel subsidies kana zvombo zvenyukireya. Isu tinotova nechido chekuvepo chekuwedzera kwepfungwa (pamwe nekuwedzera kuzvininipisa) tsika. Uye isu tinoda iyo yakashandurwa kusvika pasi rose kufunga kana tichava nepasi inogara.
