Mumakore ekuma1920 nema1930, chero ani zvake anga ari ani zvake akaedza kufunga kuti angabvisa sei hondo munyika. Pamwe chete, ndingati vane zvikamu zvitatu kubva muzvina zvenzira yemhinduro. Asi kubva 1945 kusvika 2014, ivo havana kufuratirwa pazvinogoneka (inova kazhinji yenguva), kuseka pazvinenge zvichidikanwa, uye panguva dzisingawanzo kudiwa: kurwiswa.
Iboka rakadii remapenzi vanotungamira vanofunga vechizvarwa vese vanofanira kunge vaive. Hondo Yenyika II yakaitika. Naizvozvo, hondo haiperi. Munhu wose anozviziva.
Asi varanda vanobvisa hutapwa vakaenderera mberi pasinei neuranda huri kuitika rimwe gore, uye rimwe gore. Vanhukadzi vakatsvaga kodzero yekuvhota musarudzo dzinotevera zvichitevera imwe neimwe yavakarambidzwa kuita. Hapana mubvunzo kuti hondo ine trickier kubvisa, nokuti hurumende dzinoti dzimwe hurumende dzose (uye chero vamwe vanoita hondo) vanofanira kuenda pakutanga kana kuzviita panguva imwe chete. Iko mukana wekuti mumwe munhu atange hondo, akasanganiswa nepfungwa yenhema yekuti hondo ndiyo nzira yakanakisa yekuzvidzivirira kubva kuhondo, inogadzira maze inoita seyakagadzika iyo nyika isingagoni kubuda.
asi zvakaoma iri nyore kwazvo kukanganisa kupinda hazviiti. Hondo ichafanira kupedzwa kuburikidza nekuita kwekuchenjerera uye zvishoma nezvishoma; zvinoda kucheneswa uori hwehurumende nevabatsiri vehondo; kuchaguma nenyika yakasiyana zvikuru munenge munzira dzose: mune zvoupfumi, mutsika, mutsika. Asi hondo haizopedzwa zvachose kana kufungisisa kwevabolitionists kwakavigwa uye kusaverengwa.
Fungidzira kana vana, pavakanga vatonyanya kuchembera kuna Winnie the Pooh uye isu takura zvakakwana kuverenga nharo dzakakomba, vakaudzwa kuti AA Milne akanyorawo bhuku muna 1933-1934 rainzi. Rugare Norukudzo. Ndiani asingade kuziva kuti musiki waWinnie the Pooh aifungei nezvehondo nerunyararo? Uye ndiani asingafarire kuwana hungwaru nekuseka kwake zvakashandiswa mukukosha kwese kunyaya yekupedza bhizinesi rinotyisa kuti rirambe rakagamuchirwa munzanga ine hunhu?
Zvino, Milne akanga ashanda semuparadziri wehondo uye musoja muHondo Yenyika I, maonero ake e1934 eGermany seasingadi kutaridzika kwehondo (pamwe pekutanga kutarisa) kuseka mukutarisa, uye Milne pachake akasiya kupikisa kwake kuhondo kuti afare. nokuda kweHondo Yenyika II. Saka tinogona kuramba uchenjeri hwake sounyengeri, naiveté, uye sehwakarambwa nomunyori. Asi tinenge tichizvinyima njere nekuti munyori anga asina kukwana, uye tinenge tichiisa pamberi pekutuka kwechidhakwa pane zvakataurwa panguva yekuzvibata. Kunyangwe muongorori akakodzera wefivha yehondo anogona kunzwika senge murume akasiyana kana achinge abata chirwere pachake.
In Rugare Norukudzo, Milne anoratidza kuti akateerera kutaura kwevanokurudzira hondo ndokuona kuti “rukudzo” rwavanorwira ruremekedzo (kana kuti chii chichangobva kunzi muUnited States, “kuvimbika”). Sezvakataurwa naMilne:
“Kana nyika ikataura nezvekuremekedzwa kwayo, zvinoreva mukurumbira wayo. Mukurumbira wenyika mukurumbira wekuda kurwa. Kukudzwa kworudzi, ipapoka, kunoyerwa nokudisa kworudzi kushandisa masimba masimba kuchengeta mukurumbira warwo somushandisi wesimba. Kana munhu aikwanisa kufungidzira mutambo wetiddleywinks uchitora kukosha kwepamusoro mumaziso evakuru vehurumende, uye kana vamwe vasina mhosva vaibvunza. sei tiddleywinks yaive yakakosha kune vekuEurope, mhinduro yaizova yekuti chete nehunyanzvi hwetiddleywinks nyika yaigona kuchengetedza mukurumbira wayo senyika ine hunyanzvi patiddleywinks. Ndeipi mhinduro inogona kukonzeresa hutsinye. ”
Milne anopikisa nharo dzakakurumbira dzehondo uye anodzoka zvakare uye zvakare kuzoiseka sechisarudzo cheupenzi chetsika chakapfekedzwa sezvinodiwa kana zvisingadzivisiki. Anobvunza kuti nei machechi echiKristu achibvumira kupondwa kwevanhu vakawanda nokubhomba varume, vakadzi, uye vana? Vaizotendera kutendeuka kwevazhinji kuIslam kana zvichidikanwa kuchengetedza nyika yavo? Aiwa. Vaizotendera hupombwe hwakapararira here kudai kuwedzera kwechiverengero chavagari vapasi kuri iyo nzira bedzi yokudzivirira nyika yavo? Kwete. Saka nei vachibvumira kupondwa kwevanhu vakawanda?
Milne anoedza kuyedza kuyedza kuratidza kuti hondo ndedzokusarudza uye dzinosarudzwa nevanhu vanogona kusarudza neimwe nzira. Ngatitii, anodaro, kuti kubuda kwehondo kunoreva kufa kwaMussolini, Hitler, Goering, Goebbels, Ramsay MacDonald, Stanley Baldwin, Sir John Simon, mumwe gurukota remakurukota asina kudomwa akasarudzwa nemujenya pazuva rehondo. yakazivisa, makurukota ane chekuita nemauto, Winston Churchill, Vakuru vaviri vasina kudomwa mazita, Admirals maviri asina kudomwa, vatungamiriri vaviri vasina kudomwa vemakambani ezvombo akasarudzwa nemujenya, Lords Beaverbrook naRothermere, vapepeti ve The Times uye The Morning Post, uye vamiririri vanoenderana neFrance. Ko, mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, paizozombova nehondo here? Milne anoti kwete. Uye saka zvaive zvisiri "zvakasikwa" kana "zvisingadzivisike" zvachose.
Milne anoita nyaya yakafanana yakatenderedza magungano enguva yehondo nemitemo:
"Patinongotanga kugadzira mitemo yehondo, patinongotaura kuti iyi ihondo yepamutemo uye kuti imwe yacho haisi, tiri kubvuma kuti hondo inongova nzira yakabvumirana yekugadzirisa nharo."
Asi, Milne anonyora - achinyatso ratidza nhoroondo ye1945 kusvika 2014 yeUN uye NATO-inomhanya pasirese - haugone kuita mutemo uchipokana nehondo ine hutsinye uye kuchengetedza hondo yekudzivirira. Hazvishande. Kuzvikunda. Hondo icharamba ichienderera pasi pemamiriro akadai, Milne anofanotaura - uye tinoziva aitaura chokwadi. “Kurega kurwa hakuna kukwana,” anonyora kudaro Milne. "Tinofanirawo kuramba kudzivirira."
Tinoitsiva nei? Milne inoratidzira nyika isina mhirizhonga kugadzirisa gakava, kukwikwidzana, uye pfungwa yakashanduka yerukudzo kana mukurumbira iyo inoona hondo inonyadzisa pane inokudzwa. Uye kwete chete zvinonyadzisa, asi kupenga. Iye anonokora mashoko mutsigiri wehondo akati, “Panguva ino, iyo ingabvumikisa kuva pamberi peimwe Armagedhoni, hatisati tagadzirira.” Milne anobvunza kuti: “Pazvinhu zviviri izvi [Amagedhoni kana kuti kusagadzirira] ndechipi chinonyanya kukosha kubudiriro yevanhu?”
