(Ichi chikamu 56 che World Beyond War chena bepa A Global Security System: An Alternative to War. Ramba uchienda inotangira | zvinotevera chikamu.)
(Ndapota retweet this message, uye tsigira zvese zve World Beyond War'' enhau enhau.)
Zvinotoshamisa kuti kana munhu akatarisa makore mazana maviri ekupedzisira enhoroondo, munhu haangowone chete maindasitiri ehondo, asiwo simba rakanangana nehurongwa hwerunyararo uye kusimudzira kwetsika yerunyararo, shanduko yechokwadi. Kutanga nekubuda kwenguva yekutanga munhoroondo yevagari vemo masangano akazvipira kubvisa hondo mukutanga kwe 200th century, mamwe makumi maviri nemasere maitiro ari kuoneka zvakajeka achitungamira kune irikukudziridza runyararo rwenyika. Izvi zvinosanganisira: kubuda kwenguva yekutanga kwematare epasi rose (kutanga neInternational Court of Justice muna 19); yemasangano eparamende epasi rese ekudzora hondo (iyo League muna 28 neUN muna 1899); kugadzirwa kwemauto epasi rese ekuchengetedza runyararo pasi pesimba reUN (Blue Helmet) nemamwe masangano epasirese senge African Union, akaiswa mumakakatanwa mazhinji pasi rese kweanopfuura makore makumi mashanu; kugadzirwa kwekurwira kusiri kwechisimba semutsivi wehondo, kutanga naGandhi, kunoitwa naMambo, kwakakwaniswa mukurwira kwekubvisa East European Communist Empire, Marcos muPhilippines, uye Mubarak kuEjipit nekune dzimwe nzvimbo (kunyangwe yakashandiswa zvinobudirira kurwisa maNazi ); kugadzirwa kwemaitiro matsva ekugadzirisa gakava anozivikanwa sekutaurirana zvisina kukakavara, kuwirirana kwekuwana, kana kuhwina-kuhwina; kuvandudzwa kwerunyararo rwekutsvagisa uye dzidzo yerunyararo kusanganisira nekukurumidza kupararira kwerunyararo kutsvagisa masangano nemapurojekiti uye dzidzo yerunyararo mumazana emakoreji nemayunivhesiti kutenderera pasirese. musangano werunyararo musangano, semuenzaniso, Wisconsin Institute wepagore weVadzidzi Musangano, wepagore weWon Conference, musangano weRunyararo neJustice Study Association musangano wepagore, weInternational Peace Research Association musangano wemakore maviri, musangano wepagore wepugwash wegore, nevamwe vazhinji Pamusoro pezviitiko izvi pari zvino pane hombe gwaro rerunyararo - mazana emabhuku, majenali, nezviuru zvezvinyorwa - uye kupararira kwedemokrasi (ichokwadi kuti mademokrasi haadi kurwisana); kuvandudzwa kwenzvimbo hombe dzerunyararo rwakagadzikana, kunyanya muScandinavia, US / Canada / Mexico, South America, uye ikozvino Western Europe - uko kunouya hondo isingafungidzike kana kusatomboita; kudzikira kwerusarura uye hutongi hwehutongerwe enyika uye kupera kwematongerwo enyika. Isu tiri, muchokwadi, kupupurira kupera kwehushe. Humambo hwave kuve husingakwanisike nekuda kweasymmetric hondo, kusagadzikana kwekupokana, uye zvemuchadenga mutengo unoparadza nyika yeumambo.
Zvimwe zvikamu zvehupenyu huno hupenyu hune hutongi hune hurumende: nyika dzisingagoni kuchengetedza vatorwa, mafungiro, mararamiro emararamiro, zvirwere zvoutachiona, zvombo zvemutambo, zvinyorwa, nezvimwewo. uye kodzero dzevakadzi dzave dzichipararira nokukurumidza muzana remakore re20, uye, nekunaka kwekunaka, vakadzi vanowanzove vaine hanya nehukama hwemhuri uye nyika kupfuura varume. Kudzidzisa vasikana ndicho chinhu chakakosha zvikuru chatingaita kuti tive nechokwadi chekusimudzira hupfumi. Zvimwe zvikamu zvekuvandudza ndezvekusimudzirwa kwenyika yose nekuchengetedza kwekuchengetedzwa kwemhepo kunobatsira kupedza nekugumisa kudengenyeka kwekushandisa kwemari nemafuta zvinokonzera kukanganisa, urombo, uye kusvibiswa uye kukakavadzana kukuru; kupararira kwemararamiro akasiyana-siyana echitendero (chiKristu chaTomber Merton naJim Jim Wallis, Episcopal Peace Fellowship, Buddhism yeDalai Lama, Jewish Peace Fellowship, Musikana Peace Peace Fellowship uye Muslim Voice for Peace); uye kuwedzera kwevanhu vomunyika dzakawanda kubva kune vashomanana veNGOs mu1900 kusvika makumi ezviuru nhasi, vachigadzira hutsva, husina hurumende, vagari venyika hurumende yekukurukurirana nekubatana kwehutano, ruramisiro, kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, kubudirira kwehupfumi, kodzero dzevanhu, kurwara kwezvirwere, kuverenga nekunyora, nemvura yakachena; kukurumidza kukurumidza muzana remakore reC20 rokutonga kwemitemo yenyika dzakawanda, kusanganisira Geneva Conventions, zvibvumirano zvinorambidza migodi yevhu uye kushandiswa kwemwana masoja, kuongororwa kwemhepo kwezvombo zvenyukireya, kuisa zvombo zvenyukireya pamubhedha wegungwa, nezvimwe; kusimuka kwesangano rekodzero dzevanhu, zvisati zvaitika kare 1948 (Universal Declaration of Human Rights), yakambonyatsoregererwa, ikozvino tsika dzenyika dzakawanda dzinokanganisa huri munyika dzakawanda uye dzinounza kupindura nokukurumidza kubva kune dzimwe nyika uye NGOs.
Uye izvi hazvisi zvose. Rugare rwekuvandudza runosanganisira kukwira kwemusangano wepasi rose musangano wakafanana neNyika Summit mu1992 muRio, inopinda nevakuru vehurumende ye100, vatori venhau ve10,000, uye vagari ve30,000. Kubva panguva iyo mhirizhonga yenyika pamusoro pekusimudzika kwehupfumi, vakadzi, rugare, kupisa kwepasi, uye mamwe mimwe misangano yakave ichiitwa, nekuumba musangano mutsva wevanhu vanobva kumativi ose epasi kuzouya pamwechete kuti vatarisana nezvinetso nekugadzirisa matanho ekubvumirana; kunyanya kushanduka kwehurongwa hwekukurukurirana nemitemo yakanyatsogadziriswa yehutano hwemasimba, 3rd party mahofisi akanaka, zvisungo zvekusingaperi-zvose zvakagadzirirwa kubvumira nyika kuti dzikurukure kunyange mumakakatanwa nemamiriro ezvinhu; uye kukurudzirwa kwekukurukurirana kwepasi pose kuburikidza neWorld Wide Web uye foni zvinoreva kuti pfungwa pamusoro pehurumende, rugare, nzvimbo, uye kodzero dzevanhu zvinopararira pakarepo. Runyararo rwekugadzirisawo runosanganisirawo maonero ehutano uhutori sevanyori uye vanyori vave vakafunga zvikuru uye vachitsoropodza kuparadzirwa kwehondo uye zvakanyanya kufanana nematambudziko anokonzerwa nehondo. Zvimwe zvinonyanya kukosha ndezvekuchinja mafungiro nezvehondo, kuparara kwakakosha muzana remakore iri remafungiro ekare kuti hondo ibasa rakanaka uye rakanaka. Pakupedzisira, vanhu vanofunga kuti yakasviba, chisimba chinoda. Chikamu chinokosha che nyaya iyi itsva iri kuparadzira ruzivo pamusoro pezvinyorwa zvekubudirira nzira dzisiri dzekudzivirira dzehutano nekugadzirisa kururamisira.note4 Kuburikidza kwemu embryonic pasi rose runyararo urongwa chikamu chekukura kukuru kwechimiro cherugare.
Kwose kwose vanhu vanoungana nokuda kwezvikonzero zvisinganzwisisiki, kune kuwedzera kukuru kwevanhu vavo. Chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa, chimwe chinhu chinokosha chinoitika. Simba risingachinjiki rinotanga kufamba, iro, kunyange isu tisingazvioni, richachinja nyika yedu.
Eknath Easwaraen (Mutungamiri weMweya)
(Ramba uchienda inotangira | zvinotevera chikamu.)
Tinoda kunzwa kubva kwamuri! (Ndapota shandisai mashoko anotevera)
Izvi zvakatungamirira sei iwe kufunga zvakasiyana nezvezvimwe nzira dzokurwa nadzo?
Chii chaungawedzera, kana kuchinja, kana mubvunzo pamusoro peizvi?
Chii chaungaita kuti ubatsire vamwe vanhu kunzwisisa pamusoro pezvimwe nzira dzehondo?
Ungatora sei chiito kuti uite izvi zvakasiyana nehondo kuitika?
Ndapota shandisai mashoko aya zvakanyanya!
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ona tafura yakazara yezviri mukati A Global Security System: An Alternative to War
Notes:
4. Aya maitiro anowanikwa zvakadzika mubhuku rekutsvakurudza "Evolution ye Global Global System" uye pfupiso yepfupi yakapiwa neHondo Prevention Initiative. (dzokera kumusoro mukuru)
