naPhil Anderson, World Beyond War, March 15, 2022
"Hondo inogara iri sarudzo uye inogara iri sarudzo yakaipa." World Beyond War mubhuku ravo rinonzi “A Global Security System: An Alternative to War.”
Hondo muUkraine zvese zvekumuka kufona nezve hupenzi hwehondo uye isingawanzo mukana wekuenda kune imwe nyika ine runyararo.
Hondo haisiyo mhinduro kana Russia iri kupinda muUkraine kana kuti United States iri kupinda muAfghanistan neIraq. Haisiyo mhinduro kana chero imwe nyika inoshandisa mhirizhonga yemauto kutsvaga chimwe chinangwa chezvematongerwo enyika, nharaunda, hupfumi kana kuchenesa madzinza. Uyewo hondo haigadziriswi kana vapindirwa nevakadzvinyirirwa vachidzorera nechisimba.
Kuverenga nyaya dzevaUkrainian, vemazera ose nemamiriro ezvinhu, vakazvipira kurwa kungaita sehugamba. Isu tose tinoda kufara neushingi, kuzvipira kwevagari vemo vanomira vachirwisa mupambi. Asi iyi inogona kunge iri fungidziro yeHollywood kupfuura nzira ine musoro yekupikisa kupindirwa.
Isu tese tinoda kubatsira nekupa Ukraine zvombo uye zvekushandisa zvehondo. Asi uku kufunga kusina musoro uye kwakarasika. Rutsigiro rwedu runogona kurebesa kukakavara uye kuuraya maUkraine akawanda pane kuguma nekukundwa kwemauto eRussia.
Mhirizhonga - zvisinei kuti ndiani anozviita kana nechinangwa chei - inongowedzera kurwisana, kuuraya vanhu vasina mhosva, kuputsa nyika, kuparadza hupfumi hwemunharaunda, kukonzera kuoma uye kutambura. Kashoma kuwana chinhu chakanaka. Kazhinji kazhinji zvikonzero zvikuru zvekukonana zvinosiiwa zvichiwedzera kwemakumi emakore mune ramangwana.
Kupararira kwehugandanga, makumi emakore ekuuraya muIsrael nePalestine, mhirizhonga yePakistan-India pamusoro peKashmir, uye hondo dzeAfghanistan, Yemen, neSyria yese mienzaniso iripo yekutadza kwehondo kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvenyika zvechero rudzi.
Isu tinofunga kuti pane zvingasarudzwa zviviri chete kana takatarisana nemunhu anodheerera kana nyika ine hutsinye - kurwa kana kuzviisa pasi. Asi pane zvimwe zvingasarudzwa. Sezvakaratidzwa naGandhi muIndia, kuramba kusina mhirizhonga kunogona kubudirira.
Munguva dzazvino, kusateerera kwevanhu, kuratidzira, kuramwa mabasa, kubhomba uye kusadyidzana zviito zvakabudirira kurwisa vadzvinyiriri vemumba, masisitimu anodzvinyirira uye vapambi vekunze. Tsvagiridzo yenhoroondo, yakavakirwa pazviitiko chaizvo pakati pe1900 ne2006, yakaratidza kusapokana kwechisimba kunobudirira zvakapetwa kaviri sekurwisa nezvombo mukuwana shanduko yezvematongerwo enyika.
Iyo 2004-05 "Orange Revolution" muUkraine yaive muenzaniso. Mavhidhiyo azvino evagari vekuUkraine vasina kuzvidzivirira vanovharira mauto eRussia nemitumbi yavo mumwe muenzaniso wekuramba chisimba.
Zvirango zvehupfumi hazvinawo nhoroondo yakaipa yekubudirira. Isu tinofunga nezve zvirango senzira ine runyararo kune hondo yemauto. Asi inongova imwe nzira yehondo.
Tinoda kutenda kuti zvirango zvehupfumi zvichamanikidza Putin kuti adzokere pasi. Asi zvirango zvichaisa chirango chakabatana kuvanhu veRussia nekuda kwemhosva dzakaparwa naPutin uye nechiremera chake chekleptocracy. Nhoroondo yezvirango inoratidza kuti vanhu muRussia (nedzimwe nyika) vachatambura nedambudziko rehupfumi, nzara, chirwere, uye rufu asi iyo oligarchy inotonga isingakanganisike. Zvirango zvinorwadza asi hazviwanzo dzivisa maitiro akaipa anoitwa nevatungamiriri venyika.
Zvirango zvehupfumi uye zvombo zvekutakura kuUkraine zvinoisawo pasi rose munjodzi. Zviito izvi zvichaonekwa sezviitwa zvehondo zvinotsamwisa naPutin uye zvinogona kutungamira mukuwedzera kwehondo kune dzimwe nyika kana kushandiswa kwezvombo zvenyukireya.
Nhau izere nehondo “duku-duku” dzakazova njodzi huru.
Zviripachena panguva ino mhinduro yega muUkraine ndeyekumisa moto nekukurumidza uye kuzvipira kwemapato ese kunhaurirano dzechokwadi. Izvi zvinoda kupindira kwenyika inovimbika, isina kwayakarerekera (kana nyika) kuti vataurirane kugadzirisana kune runyararo.
Kune zvakare inogona kuita sirivha mutsara kuhondo iyi. Sezviri pachena kubva mukuratidzira kunopesana nehondo iyi, muRussia nedzimwe nyika dzakawanda, vanhu venyika vanoda rugare.
Rutsigiro rwakakura, rwusati rwamboitika rwezvirango zvehupfumi uye kupokana nekupinda kweRussia kunogona kuve kubatana kwepasirese kunodiwa kuti pakupedzisira kuve nehanya nekupedza hondo sechombo chehurumende dzese. Kubatana uku kunogona kupa simba rekuita basa rakakomba pakutonga kwezvombo, kuputsa mauto enyika, kubvisa zvombo zvenyukireya, kugadzirisa uye kusimbaradza kweUnited Nations, kuwedzera Dare reNyika, uye kuenda kune kuchengetedzwa kwakabatana kumarudzi ese.
Chengetedzo yenyika hausi mutambo we zero-sum. Imwe nyika haifanire kukundwa kuti imwe ikunde. Kana nyika dzese dzakachengeteka chete ndipo pachave nenyika yega yega. Iyi "chengetedzo yakajairika" inoda kuvaka imwe nzira yekuchengetedza yakavakirwa pakudzivirira kusingaite uye kubatana kwenyika. Hurongwa hwazvino hwepasi rose hwekuchengetedza nyika hwakavakirwa nemauto hwakundikana.
Yave nguva yekugumisa hondo uye kutyisidzira kwehondo sechombo chinogamuchirwa chehurumende.
Masangano anogadzirira kurwa nguva refu hondo isati yaitika. Hondo hunhu hunodzidzwa. Zvinoda huwandu hukuru hwenguva, simba, mari uye zviwanikwa. Kuvaka imwe nzira yekuchengetedza, tinofanira kugadzirira pachine nguva sarudzo iri nani yerunyararo.
Isu tinofanirwa kuita zvakakomba nezvekupedza hondo, kubvisa zvombo zvenyukireya uye kudzikamisa uye kuputsa mauto epasirese. Tinofanira kutsausa zviwanikwa kubva pakurwa hondo kuenda pakuita runyararo.
Sarudzo yerunyararo nekusaita mhirizhonga inofanirwa kuvakwa mutsika dzenyika, masisitimu edzidzo uye masangano ezvematongerwo enyika. Panofanira kunge paine nzira dzekugadzirisa kusawirirana, kuyananisira, kutonga pamwe nekuchengetedza runyararo. Tinofanira kuvaka tsika yerunyararo pane kukudza hondo.
World Beyond War ine hurongwa hwakazara, hunoshanda hwekugadzira imwe nzira yekuchengetedzwa kwakafanana kune nyika. Zvose zvakarongwa mubhuku ravo "A Global Security System: An Alternative to War." Vanoratidzawo kuti iyi haisi yeUtopian fantasy. Nyika yave ichienda kuchinangwa ichi kwemakore anopfuura zana. United Nations, Geneva Kokorodzano, Dare Repasi rose uye zvibvumirano zvakawanda zvekudzora zvombo humbowo.
Rugare runogoneka. Hondo muUkraine inofanira kunge iri yekumuka kumarudzi ese. Kunetsana hakusi hutungamiriri. Belligerence harisi simba. Kudenha hakusi diplomacy. Zviito zvehondo hazvigadzirisi kusawirirana. Kusvikira marudzi ese aziva izvi, uye achinja maitiro avo echiuto, isu ticharamba tichidzokorora zvikanganiso zvekare.
Sokutaura kwakaita Mutungamiriri wenyika John F. Kennedy, “Rudzi rwomunhu runofanira kugumisa hondo, kana kuti hondo ichagumisa rudzi rwomunhu.”
