From TomDispatch, June 13, 2019
Yange yava makore anopfuura 18 e "risingaperi"Hondo, kuuraya, the kushambadzika kwevanhu vakawanda of marudzi, ivo kuparadzwa yemaguta… munoziva nyaya yacho. Tese tinoita… kinda… asi nguva zhinji inyaya isina kwavari. Iwe kazhinji haunzwi zvavo manzwi. ivo hazviwanzobatanidzi munyika yedu. Ndiri kufunga nezvevaAfghan, Iraq, Syria, Yemenis, Somalia, Libyans, uye nezvimwewo ivo vakatakura hondo yehondo dzedu dzisingaperi. Hungu, zvese uye nguva nenguva pane chidimbu chinoputika mumhizha yeAmerica, sezvakange ichangobva kuwanikwa muongorori pamwe chete Bhisho reInvestigative Journalism uye New York Times yekuurawa kweamai uye vana vake vanomwe (muduku pane vose vaiva nemakore mana) mumusha weAghghan wakakonzerwa neAmerica JDAM missile (uye pakutanga wakaramba neuto reUnited States). Yaiva imwe ye kuwedzera nhamba yeUnited States inorwisa nyika iyoyo. Muchikamu chimwe nechimwe chezvidimbu izvi, unogona chaizvo kunzwa inzwi rinorwadza romurume, Masih Ur-Rahman Mubarez, uyo akanga asiri apo apo bhomba raibata uye saka akararama kutsvaka kururamisira mhuri yake. ("Tine shoko rokuti: kugara wakanyarara pakusaruramisira chinhu chakaipa, saka ndichaparadzira inzwi rangu munyika yose.Ndichataura kune munhu wose, kwose kwose.Handizove ndakanyarara.Asi iyi ndiyo Afghanistan.Kana mumwe munhu anotinzwa, kana kuti kwete, isu tichiri kusimudza izwi redu. ")
Kazhinji kutaura, nguva iyo isu veAmerica tinopedza muupenyu hwevaya vari munyika iyo, muzana remakore rino, takava neruoko rwakadaro mukushandura muzviito zvakakundikana kana kuti kukundikana iduku zvechokwadi. Ndinowanzofunga nezvenyaya iyo TomDispatch ane akafukidza inenge iri yoga mumakore aya: nzira, pakati peC2001 ne2013, US air power akaparadza mapato emuchato munyika nhatu kudarika Greater Middle East: Afghanistan, Iraq, neYemen. (Kushandisa ndege dzeUnited States nezvombo, Saudis ane akaenderera mberi vanouraya vakadaro mumakore achangopfuura muYemen.)
Iwe pamwe haurangarire kunyangwe imwe yemuchato ichipukutwa neUS mhepo steki - iyo chaiyo nhamba yaive kanenge sere - uye ini handikupe mhosva nekuti havana kuwana kutarisisa kwakawanda pano Imwe yakasarudzika: iyo Murdoch-muridzi wepabloid, iyo New York Post, pamberi-paged a drone inotungamirirwa nekaravhani yemotokari inotungamirira muchato muYemen mu2013 neyo musoro unoti "Mukadzi uye Boom!"
Ndinogara ndichinyatsofungidzira zvichazoitika kana an-b-Qaeda- kana ISIS-akafuridzirwa bhomba yekuzviuraya akatora mari yeAmerica pano, achiuraya mwenga kana mukomba, vashanyi, kunyange vaimbi (sekudaro Marine Major General James Mattis's forces akaita muIraq mu2004). Iwe unoziva mhinduro: kwaizove nemazuva ekutsamwa 24 / 7 kutariswa kwemashoko, kusanganisira kubvunzurudzwa nevasununguri vanochema, mhemberero dzemhando dzakasiyana-siyana, zviyeuchidzo, mhemberero, nezvimwe zvakadaro. Asi kana isu tiri ivo vaparadzi, kwete vaparadzwa, nhau dzinopfurikidza pakarepo (kana zvachose), uye hupenyu (pano) hunoenderera mberi, ndicho chikonzero TomDispatch dzose Chinyorwa chaLaura Gottesdiener nhasi, mupfungwa dzangu, chakakosha. Iye anoita chaizvo izvo zvinoita vamwe vedu vezvenhau zvisingawanzo kuita: anopa iwo mazwi asingamiriri evaviri vadiki vekuIraq vanoita zverunyararo - iwe waitoziva here kuti kwaive nevechidiki veIraq vanoita rugare? - vachikurukura nezvehupenyu hwakakanganiswa zvakanyanya neAmerica kupinda nechisimba kwenyika yavo muna 2003. Tom
Vaviri VaIraqi Vokurwisana Nesimba Vanotarisana Nenyika yeTurpiki
Sezvo Mutungamiri weTrump Achiedza Hondo, Iraqi Gadzirira Carnival Kuti Rugare
By Laura GottesdienerKune jekesi rakasviba rinopoteredza Baghdad mazuva ano. Noof Assi, anonzi 30 ane makore ane makore makumi mashanu ekurudzira rugare uye mubatsiri wevanhu, akandiudza nefoni. Kukurukurirana kwedu kunoitika kumavambo kwaMay mushure mokunge vatungamiri veTrump vazivisa kuti ichawedzera huwandu hweHNUMX humwe huri kuUnited East mauto ehurumende.
"Iran inoda kurwisa kuti inotora United States neArabia Arabia kubva kuIraq," akatanga. "Uye United States inoda kurwisana kuti ibudise Iran kubva kuIraq." Akamira pakarepo. "Saka sei isu tose veIraqisinobva kuIraq saka vanogona kurwa pano vari voga?"
Assi ari pakati pezvizvarwa zvevaIrabhu vemazuva akawanda vakararama hupenyu hwavo hwekutanga pasi pehurumende yeUnited States yenyika yavo uye zvakare kuburikidza nemhirizhonga yakaipa iyo yakasununguka, kusanganisira kukwira kweSIS, uye avo vari kurwisana nehondo yeHashington-kutamira kuTehran. Vakanga vasingakwanisi kuwedzera kuziva kuti, kana kukakavara kuchibuda, Iraqi ichazozviwana ichinge yakabatwa mukati memupakati uri kuparadza.
Muna Kukadzi, Mutungamiri VaTrump vakashatirwa nekutaura kuti United States ichengetedze huvepo hwemauto - 5,200 mauto - uye al-Asad airbase muIraq kuitira "tarisai Iran. "Muna May, State Department ipapo pakarepo akarayirwa vashandi vehurumende vese vasinganzwisisiki kubva kuIraq, vachitsanangura njere dzisinganzwisisiki pamusoro pekutyisidzira kwe "basa reIranian." (Izvi zvinonzi kungwara zvakakurumidza zvinopesana neBritish mutevedzeri mukuru wehurumende yeU.S. inotungamirirwa nekurwisana ISIS uyo akataura kuti "hapachina kutyisidzira kwakawedzerwa kubva kuuto reIrish rinotsigirwa muIraq neSiriya.") Mazuva mashomanana gare gare, dombo akadzika zvisina kunaka iri munzvimbo yakasimba yeGreen yeGaghdad, iyo inovaka mamishinari eUnited States. Mukuru weIraq Adel Abdul Mahdi akabva ataura kuti aizotumira nhume kuWashington neTehran kuedza "kudzivisa kukakavara, "Apo zviuru zvevanhu vanogara muArajis rallied muBaghdad kupikisa pamusoro pekuti nyika yavo inogonazve kuwedzerwa mumakakatanwa.
Zvakawanda zvemashoko ezveAmerica zvinotaurirana nezvekukwira kwemhirizhonga kweUnited States mumasvondo awa, yakazara ne "intel" yakasvibiswa isina kutumidzwa zita rinonzi Trump administration officers, rinotarisa kufanana kwakafanana nekutungamirirwa ku2003 US kupinda muIraq. Sezvinoitika munguva pfupi Al Jazeera chidimbu - chine musoro "Ko vezvenhau vekuUS vari kurova ngoma dzehondo kuIran?" - kuisa pachena: “Muna 2003, yakanga iri Iraq. Muna 2019, iri Iran. ”
Zvinosuruvarisa, mumakore ekupfuura anonzi 16, kugoverwa kweAmerica kweIraq hakuna kuvandudza zvakawanda. Zvechokwadi, veIraqis ivo pachavo vanonyanya kusipo mukuita. Apo, somuenzaniso, vanhu veAmerica vanonzwa nezvekuti vakadzi vechikadzi sei muguta rechipiri guru reIraq, Mosul, vakarova zvikuru uye vakadzoka kubva kuIISIS mu2017, vakaronga kugadzirisa mashefu epamabhuku aimbova akakurumbira paYunivhesiti yeMosul, iyo ISIS mauto anotsvaira moto panguva yekushanda kweguta racho; kana kuti mabhuku uye vaparidzi vari kudzokaBhuku reBaghdad rinozivikanwa pamabhuku pamutambo weMutanabbi Street, rakaparadzwa nebhokisi remotokari rinoparadza mu2007; kana kuti, imwe neimwe yaSeptember, makumi ezviuru yevechidiki izvozvi vanoungana muIraq kuzopemberera Runyararo Zuva - mutambo wakatanga makore masere apfuura muBaghdad seye brainchild yaNoof Assi newaanoshanda naye, Zain Mohammed, ane makore makumi matatu nematatu murwiri werunyararo ari iye muridzi weresitorendi nenzvimbo yekuita?
Mune mamwe mazwi, kazhinji ndeyevanhu vemuUnited States vanobvumirwa zvinyorwa zveIraq izvo zvinokonzera hondo ikoko zvinoratidzika zvisingadziviriki.
Assi naMamamaria havazivi tsika dzakadaro dzenyika yavo munyika yedu, asi kuIrais kufanana navo inoshaya mukuita muAmerica. Vanoramba vakashamiswa, chaizvoizvo, kuti maAmerica angadai akakonzera kuparadzwa kwakadai uye kurwadziwa munyika iyo vanoramba vachiziva zvishomanana zvakadaro.
"Makore apfuura, ndakaenda kuUnited States purogiramu yokuchinjana uye ndakawana vanhu vakanga vasingazivi chinhu pamusoro pedu. Mumwe munhu akandibvunza kana ndaishandisa kamera kuti ndiende, "Assi akandiudza. "Saka ndakazodzoka kuIraq uye ndakafunga kuti: Damn it! Tinofanira kutaurira nyika pamusoro pedu. "
Mukupera kweMay, ndakataura naAssi naMahmad vari voga nefoni mumutauro weChirungu pamusoro pekutyisidzira kwekurwa kweimwe hondo yeUnited States muMiddle East uye pamwe chete makumi maviri emakore basa rekuita runyararo rakarongedza kubvisa chisimba chakaitwa nehondo mbiri dzekupedzisira dzeUnited States munyika yavo . Pasi, ndakagadzirisa uye ndakagadzirisa kubvunzurudzwa kwevaviri ava kuitira kuti veAmerica vanzwe manzwi maviri kubva kuIraq, vachitaura nyaya yehupenyu hwavo nekuzvipira kwavo kune rugare mumakore mushure mokupinda kwenyika yavo mu2003.
Laura Gottesdiener:Chii chakakufuridzira iwe kutanga kutanga kuita rugare?
Zain Mohammed:Pakuguma kwe2006, musi waDecember 6th, al-Qaeda- [muIraq, mutungamiri we ISIS] akauraya baba vangu. Isu tiri mhuri shoma: Ini naamai vangu nehanzvadzi mbiri. Mikana yangu yaiva yakakwana kune dzimwe nzira mbiri. Ndaiva nemakore 19. Ndakanga ndangopedza chikoro chesekondari. Saka chisarudzo chaiva: Ndaifanira kutamira kune dzimwe nyika kana kuti ndaifanira kuva chikamu chehurongwa hwemhomho uye nditsiva. Ndiyo mararamiro eBaghdad panguva iyoyo. Takatamira kuDhamasiko [Siria]. Uye kamwe kamwe, mushure mekunge mwedzi mitanhatu, apo mapepa edu akanga ava pedyo kuti tive kuCanada, ndakaudza amai vangu, "Ndinoda kudzokera kuBaghdad. Handidi kutiza. "
Ndakadzokera kuBaghdad kumagumo e2007. Pakanga pane motokari huru yemabhomba muKardada, chikamu cheguta kwandaimbogara. Shamwari dzangu neni takasarudza kuita chimwe chinhu kuti taudze shamwari dzedu kuti tinofanira kushanda pamwechete kuti tive nerugare. Saka, musi waDecember 21st, paZuva Rorugare Rwenyika, takabata chikamu chiduku munzvimbo imwechete sekuputika. Muna 2009, ndakagamuchira chikoro kuAmerican University muSulaymaniyah kumusangano pamusoro pehutano uye takatarisa firimu pamusoro peRugare Zuva. Pakupera kwemafirimu, pakanga pane kupenya kwemifananidzo yakawanda kubva kumativi ose enyika uye, kwechipiri chete, pane chiitiko chedu muKarrada. Iyi firimu yaishamisa kwandiri. Yaiva mharidzo. Ndakadzokera kuBaghdad uye ini ndakataura nomumwe wehama dzangu dzakanga dzaurayiwa nababa. Ndakamuudza kuti yakagadziriswa: Kana ari Shiite, iye achanyorwa nevaShiite militia kutsiva; kana iye ari Sunni, iye achange achinyoreswa nevasungwa veSunni kana al-Qaeda kutsiva. Ndakamuudza: tinofanira kutanga tatu yekusarudza. Nechisarudzo chechitatu, ndaireva chero sarudzo kunze kwekurwa kana kubuda.
Ndakataura naNo uye akati tinofanira kuunganidza vechidiki uye kuronga musangano. "Asi chii ichocho?" Ndakamubvunza. Zvose zvataive nazvo yaiva iyi pfungwa yechishanu chekusarudza. Akati: "Tinofanira kutora vechidiki uye tive nemusangano wekusarudza zvokuita."
Noof Assi: Apo Baghdad yakatanga kuvakwa, yakanzi City of Peace. Apo patakatanga kutaurirana nevanhu, vose vakaseka kwatiri. Guta Rorugare rhemberero muBaghdad? Hazvizomboitiki, ivo vakati. Panguva iyoyo, pakanga pasina zviitiko, hapana chakaitika mumapaki evanhu.
Zain:Wese munhu akati: unopenga, isu tichiri muhondo…
Noof:Isu hatina mari, saka takasarudza kuti tisare makenduru, tire mumugwagwa, uye taudza vanhu kuti Baghdad inonzi City of Peace. Asi isu takakura tikava boka revanhu vakakomberedza 50 vanhu, saka takagadzira mutambo muduku. Takanga tine zero bhajeti. Takanga tichiba mabhuku kubva kuhofisi yedu uye tichishandisa printer ipapo.
Zvadaro takafunga kuti: Zvakanaka, taita pfungwa, asi handifungi kuti vanhu vanoda kuenderera mberi. Asi wechidiki akadzoka kwatiri uye akati, "Takanakidzwa nazvo. Ngativei zvakare. "
Laura:Mutambo wacho wakakura sei kubvira ipapo?
Noof:Gore rokutanga, vakakomberedza 500 vanhu vakauya uye vazhinji vavo vaiva mhuri dzedu kana hama. Iye zvino, 20,000 vanhu vanopinda mutambo. Asi pfungwa yedu haisi chete nezvemutambo, ndeye nyika yatinosika kuburikidza nemutambo. Isu tinoita zvose kubva pakutanga. Kunyange zvishongo: pane boka rinogadzira zvishongedzwa nemaoko.
Zain: Muna 2014, takanzwa mitsva yekutanga apo ISIS uye izvi zvakazoitikazve, asi panguva ino, pamagariro evanhu, mazana emapoka ainge achitanga kushanda pamwechete, kuunganidza mari uye zvipfeko zvevanhu vakapinda mumba. Munhu wose aishanda pamwe chete. Yakanzwa sechiedza.
Noof:Iye zvino, mutambo unoitika muBasra, Samawah, Diwaniyah, uye Baghdad. Uye isu tinotarisira kuwedzera kuNajaf uye Sulaymaniyah.Zvino makore maviri apfuura, tave tichishanda kuti tive nekutanga kambani yevechidiki muBaghdad, IQ Peace Center, iyo inogara kumakwi akasiyana: jazz club, chess klabhu, kambi yepets, kirabhu yekunyora. Takanga tine kambani yevakadzi-ne-vasikana kuzokurukura nyaya dzavo mukati meguta.
Zain:Takava nemari yakawanda yematambudziko nokuti taive sangano revechidiki. Isu hatisi bato rakanyoresa [sangano risina hurumende] uye hatina kuda kushanda seGO NGO.
Laura:Zvakadini nezveimwe humwe hukama huri murugare muguta?
Noof:Mumakore mashomanana adarika, tatanga kutarisa mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzakapoteredza Baghdad. Mushure memazana emakore pakuona vatongi vemauto chete, hondo, uye masoja, vechidiki vaida kuvaka imwe mifananidzo yeguta racho. Saka, iye zvino, tine zvakawanda zvitsva padzidzo, hutano, varaidzo, mitambo, marathons, mabhuku emabhuku. Pane musangano unonzi "Ndiri Iraqi, Ndinogona Kuverenga." Ndiyo mutambo mukuru wemabhuku. Kushandura kana kutora mabhuku kune rusununguko kune wese wese uye vanounza vanyori nevanyori kuti vasaina mabhuku.
Laura:Izvi hazvo chaizvoizvo mufananidzo wandinofungira kuti vazhinji veAmerica vari mupfungwa pavanofunga nezveBaghdad.
Noof: Rimwe zuva, ini naZain takasurukirwa muhofisi, saka takatanga Googling mifananidzo yakasiyana. Isu takati, "Ngatiite Google Iraq." Uye aive ese mafoto ehondo. Isu Takarovera Baghdad: Chinhu chimwe chete. Takabva tatarisa chimwe chinhu - chakakurumbira pasirese - Shumba yeBhabhironi [chifananidzo chekare], uye chatakawana mufananidzo wetangi reRussia rakagadzirwa neIraq munguva yehutongi hwaSaddam [Hussein] iyo yavakatumidza kuti Shumba yeBhabhironi.
Ini ndiri muIraqi uye ini ndiri Mesopotamiya ane nhoroondo yakareba iyoyo. Takakurira kugara muguta iro rekare uye kunzvimbo dzose, mumigwagwa yose yaunopfuura, ine nhoroondo kune iyo, asi mhirizhonga yenyika yose haitauri pamusoro pezvinoitika mumigwagwa iyoyo. Vanoisa pfungwa pane izvo vezvematongerwe enyika vari kutaura uye vanosiya kunze kwevamwe. Havana kuratidza mufananidzo chaiwo wenyika.
Laura:Ndinoda kukubvunza nezvekukakavadzana kuri kuwedzera pakati peUnited States neIran, uye kuti vanhu vari muIraq vari kupindura sei. Ndoziva une matambudziko ako emukati, saka chero maTrump tweets pazuva rakapihwa anogona kunge asiri iwo makuru nhau kwauri ...
Noof:Zvinosuruvarisa, ndizvo.
Kunyanya kubvira 2003, Iraqis yanga isiri iyo iri kutonga nyika yedu. Kunyangwe hurumende izvozvi, hatizvide, asi hapana munhu akambotibvunza. Tichiri kubhadhara neropa redu apo - ndanga ndichiverenga chinyorwa nezvazvo mwedzi mishoma yapfuura - Paul Bremer ave kudzidzisa kutsika uye kurarama hupenyu hwake hwakareruka mushure mekuparadza nyika yedu. [Muna 2003, mutungamiri weBush akagadza Bremer mukuru weCoalition Provisional Authority, iyo yaigara muIraq mushure mekurwiswa neU.S. uye yaive nesarudzo yedambudziko rekuparadza utongi hweIraq Saddam Hussein.
Laura:Iwe unofungei nezvedzimwe nyika iyo US inoronga kuendesa mauto e1,500 kuMiddle East?
Zain: Kana vakaguma vachiuya kuIraq, uko tine zvizhinji zvemauto ehurumende yeIranian, ndinotya kuti panogona kuve kukanganisa. Handidi kurwisana. Muhondo pakati peUnited States neIran, zvichida vamwe varwi vachaurayiwa, asi vazhinji vevagari veIraqi vachave, zvakare, zvakananga uye zvisina kurongeka. Kutendeseka, zvose zvakaitika kubvira 2003 zvinoshamisa kwandiri. Sei United States ichipinda muIraq? Uye zvino ivo vakati vaida kusiya uye zvino vanoda kudzoka? Handikwanisi kunzwisisa izvo United States iri kuita.
Noof:Trump muzvinabhizimisi, saka ane hanya nemari uye kuti achazoshandisa sei. Haazoita chimwe chinhu kunze kwekuti ave nechokwadi chokuti achawana chimwe chinhu mukudzoka.
Laura:Izvi zvinondiyeuchidza nezvenzira iyo Trump yakashandisa kupesana kwekuwedzera munharaunda kuitira kuti ifukidze Congress uye pfugama imwe $ 8 mabhiriyoni anobata neSaudi Arabia uye United Arab Emirates.
Noof:Zvakananga. Ndiri kureva, akanga achikumbira Iraq kuti ibhadhara United States kumashure kwezvinotengeswa zvehurumende yeUnited States muIraq! Unogona kufungidzira here? Saka ndizvo zvaanofunga.
Laura:Pakati pekukakavadzana kuri kuwedzera, nderipi meseji yako kuTrump manejimendi - uye kuruzhinji rweAmerica?
Zain:Kune hurumende yeUS, ndingati, muhondo dzese, kunyangwe ukakunda, unorasikirwa nechimwe chinhu: mari, vanhu, vanhuwo zvavo, nyaya… Tinofanirwa kuona rimwe divi rehondo. Uye ndine chokwadi chekuti tinogona kuita zvatinoda pasina hondo. Kune veruzhinji veUS: Ini ndinofunga meseji yangu kurwisa kurwisa hondo, kunyangwe kurwisa hupfumi.
Noof:Kuhurumende yeUnited States ini ndaizovaudza: Ndapota fungai nezvemabhizimisi enyu pachavo. Siya zororo rose pasi chete. Kuvanhu veAmerica ndaizovaudza kuti: Ndine urombo, ndinoziva kuti uri kunzwa sei uri munyika inotungamirirwa neTrump. Ndakanga ndichirarama pasi pehurumende yeSaddam. Ndichiri kuyeuka. Ndine wandaishandira naye, iye muAmerica, uye zuva iro Trump rakakunda masarudzo akapinda muhofisi achichema. Uye mumwe muSyria uye ini takanga tiri muhofisi naye uye takamuudza kuti: "Takavepo kare. Iwe uchapona. "
Musi waSeptember 21st, Noof Assi, Zain Mohammed, uye zviuru zvevamwe vechiduku vemuIraq vachaita paki pamvura yeTigris kuti vachengete yegore rechisere Baghdad City of Peace Carnival. MuUnited States, panguva iyi, isu ticharamba tichiri kurarama pasi peTrump administration inopoteredza hondo yezuva nezuva (kana kwete hondo pachayo) neIran, Venezuela, North Korea, uye mwari anoziva kupi. Ichangororo yeReuters / Ipsos yakasarudzo yevoruzhinji anoratidza kuti vanhu vekuAmerican vachiwedzera kuona imwe hondo kuMiddle East isingadzivisike, neinopfuura hafu yeavo vakabvunzwa vachiti "zvingangoitika" kana "zvimwe" kuti nyika yavo iende kunorwa neIran "mumakore mashoma anotevera." Asi sekuziva kwaNoof neZain zvizere, zvinogara zvichikwanisika kutsvaga imwe sarudzo ...
Laura Gottesdiener, a TomDispatch dzose, is a journalist freelance and former Dememocracy Zvino! mucheri iye zvino anogara kuchamhembe kweLebanon.
