NaSeth Kershner, Mune Zuva
Zvisinei neMutungamiri Obama ane mukurumbira wa2015 mukuru, an Mune Zuva kuferefeta kunoratidza humbowo hwekuti madhipatimendi emapurisa achiri kugamuchira mauto akawanda kubva kuPentagon sekare.
PAKA VANHU VAKAENDA KUMGWARA YEFERGUSON, MO., MUNA 2014 vachipindura kupondwa kwemapurisa kwaMichael Brown ane makore gumi nemasere, vakaisawo pfungwa yenyika kune imwe nyaya yakabatana: kuwedzera kwemauto edzimhosva. Mifananidzo yemapurisa emudhorobha achityisidzira varatidziri nemotokari dzine zvombo uye pfuti dzakakonzera shanduko kuchirongwa chine gakava che18, iyo iyo Dhipatimendi reDziviriro (DOD) inoendesa zvakasara zvechiuto kumapazi emapurisa munyika yose.
Chiziviso chaPresident Obama muna Chivabvu 2015 chekuti vachamisa kupihwa kwemamwe magiya chakatsamwiswa nemapoka ezvemitemo akaita seNational Association of Police Organisations (NAPO), iyo yakazopomera kuti michina yakarambidzwa "yakakosha mukudzivirira nharaunda kumatsotsi nemagandanga. ” Mushure mekunge vapfuri vananga nekuuraya mapurisa akapfeka yunifomu muDallas neBaton Rouge muna Chikunguru, NAPO nemamwe mapoka akawedzera zvakapetwa pamusoro pekushoropodzwa kwekuti manejimendi aiisa hupenyu hwevakuru panjodzi. Musi waChikunguru 21, Reuters yakashuma kuti, zvichitevera musangano nemapoka emapurisa, VaObama vakabvuma kudzokorora kurambidzwa.
Asi an Mune Zuva Kuferefeta kunopa humbowo hwekuti, mukuita, shanduko yemutungamiri wenyika kuchirongwa che1033 haina kuita zvishoma kumisa kuyerera kwegiya rehondo kumapurisa.
Muchokwadi, kukosha kwese kwemidziyo yakagoverwa kuburikidza nechirongwa chakawedzera mugore rakatevera kurambidzwa, zvichienderana nenhamba dzakapihwa Mune Zuva naMichelle McCaskill, mukuru wezvekudyidzana nenhau weDOD's Defence Logistics Agency (DLA), inoona nezvekutakurwa kwezvinhu.
Kusvika pari zvino mugore rezvemari 2016, (Oct. 1, 2015 - Gunyana 13), DLA yakaendesa giya remadhora 494 miriyoni kumadhipatimendi emapurisa emunharaunda,Mune Zuva akadzidza kubva kuMcCaskill.
Izvozvo zvinodarika mamiriyoni e418 emidziyo yakatumirwa kumapurisa muFY 2015 (Oct. 1, 2014 - Sept. 30, 2015). Zvinoenderana neongororo yakaburitswa muna Chivabvu nesangano repachena Vhura Mabhuku, 2015 rakanga ratove gore repamusoro-soro rekutakura zvinhu zvakadaro mukati memakore gumi apfuura, yakapfuura chete ne2014's 787 miriyoni. Kubva 2006, inodarika madhora 2.2 bhiriyoni yehardware yakawana nzira yayo mumaoko emapurisa, maererano neshumo.
Vazhinji vamiriri vemapurisa vakayambira kubva pakutanga kuti shanduko dzegore rapfuura dzaive shoma pakuita. Pazvinhu zvinomwe zviri pamazita emidziyo inorambidzwa, chimwe chete ndicho chakapihwa madhipatimendi emapurisa mumakore achangopfuura, chakadaro chinyorwa chaMay 2015muchengeti. Nepo hutongi hwaObama hwakaisa zvimwe zvinodiwa pakufambiswa kwedzimwe ndege, mota dzehondo uye giya remhirizhonga zvinotariswa zvakanyanya kutyisa vanhu, mazana ezvimedu zvemidziyo yakadaro achiri kuwana nzira mumaoko emapurisa emuno. Kusvika pari zvino gore rino, semuenzaniso, mapurisa akawana anopfuura 80-resistant ambush protected vehicles (MRAPs)—motokari dzematani gumi neshanu dzakanga dzakagadzirirwa kurwisa mabhomba emumugwagwa munzvimbo dzine hondo.
HUPENYU HWECHIPIRI KWEZVIMBO ZVINOURAYA
Chirongwa che1033, icho chinoreva chikamu che1997 National Defence Authorization Act chakachigadzira, inzira yakakurumbira yekuti masangano ekuchengetedza mutemo emuno awane giya pane zvakachipa. Madhipatimendi emapurisa anowanzo tarisira chete mutengo wekutumira nekuchengetedza michina.
Magweta anotiwo chirongwa che1033 chinobvumira kushandiswa kwePentagon kwekutsvaga kuwana hupenyu hwechipiri. "Sezvo vateresi vekuAmerica vatobhadhara midziyo iyi, hazvina musoro here kuti tigovane midziyo iyi nevanoona nezvemitemo, kusiyana nekukumbira vateresi kuti vatenge michina imwe chete kaviri?" anobvunza Jim Franklin, director director weMinnesota Sheriffs 'Association, mune email kuna Mune Zuva.
Mukuru wezvemitemo weACLU Minnesota Teresa Nelson anoti anonzwisisa zvinodiwa nemutemo. “Hapana anoda kuti mapurisa ave asina kuchengeteka,” anodaro. "Panguva imwe cheteyo ... kana uine mapurisa mumotokari dzehondo dzinoita sematangi, unoshandura magariro ari pakati pemapurisa nenharaunda dzavanoshandira."
Muna Ndira 2015, VaObama vakapindura kutsoropodza kuri kukura kwechirongwa ichi mushure meFerguson nekupa Executive Order 13688, iyo yakagadzira boka remubatanidzwa remubatanidzwa kuti riongorore mauto emapurisa uye kuuya nemazano. Nekuda kwekuferefeta uku, mapurisa akarambidzwa kugamuchira mimwe michina, kusanganisira mabhayoneti, motokari dzehondo dzakatevedzwa, pfuti nepfuti dze.50-caliber kana kupfuura, magirinedhi, mayunifomu ecamouflage uye ndege dzine zvombo.
Vatsoropodzi vakati kuchinja uku kwakanga kuri kwepamusoro. Gore rapfuura, ongororo yeNPR yemakore gumi yeDLA data yakaratidza kuti pandege dzese dzakapihwa mapurisa emuno kuburikidza nechirongwa che10, hapana akapfurwa. Ongororo yacho yakaratidzazve kuti ingangoita 1033 muzana yemazana emotokari dzine zvombo dzaishandiswa panguva iyoyo nemapurisa eko dzaimhanya nemavhiri, kwete njanji. Peter Kraska, purofesa kuEastern Kentucky University's Chikoro cheSocial Justice Studies uye mumwe wevanotungamira vatsvagiri vemauto emapurisa, akaudza muchengeti kuti mitemo mitsva yaingove “kungo zivisa ruzhinji”.
Kuenderera mberi kwekutamiswa kwemotokari dzine zvombo, senge MRAPs, kunoburitsa kushoropodzwa uku. Sezvo mota dzichimhanya nemavhiri, hadzisi parunyorwa rutsva rwekutamiswa kwakarambidzwa. Zvakadaro, kusimba kwavo uye dhizaini yekushandisa muhondo inoratidza izvo vatsoropodzi vanoona sekusajeka kuri kuwedzera pakati pemapurisa nemauto.
Sekureva kweDLA, madhipatimendi emapurisa akagamuchira mazana manomwe nesere MRAPs kuburikidza nechirongwa che708 kubvira 1033, apo kudhonzwa kwemauto muIraq neAfghanistan kwakatanga kugadzira nzvimbo yakakura yemidziyo isina kushandiswa. Panguva yekunyora, mapurisa makumi masere nemana akanga agamuchira motokari dzezvombo gore rino. Vamwe vanopfuura zana vakabvumidzwa uye vakamirira kuendeswa, sekureva kweDLA marekodhi akawanikwa na Mune Zuva kuburikidza nechikumbiro cheRusununguko rweRuzivo Act.
Sechikamu chekuvandudzwa kwehutongi hwaObama, vezvemitemo vanotambira zvinhu “zvinodzorwa” zvakaita seMRAPs, vanofanirwa kuratidza kuti vari kuronga kudzidzisa vakuru vakuru nezvekushandisa zvakanaka. Asi zvekudzidzisa zvinoshandiswa nemadhipatimendi akasiyana emapurisa eCalifornia, akawanikwa newebhusaiti MuckRock muna Chikumi, anoratidza kuti nguva yekuraira yeMRAPs inotangira pamaawa makumi maviri kusvika pamaminitsi gumi nemashanu.
KUUYA KUTASHA PEDYO NEWE?
Kare, mapazi makuru emapurisa emumadhorobha chete ndiwo angadai aine zvekushandisa kuti atore motokari dzine zvombo, izvo zvinogona kuita mari inosvika miriyoni imwe chete yemadhora. Muna 1, Bill Johnson, director director weNAPO, akaudza USA Today kuti chirongwa che2014 chinobvumira mapurisa madiki kutamba-bata: "Inguva yavo yekutora zvimwe zvemidziyo iyi."
Izvi zvinogona kutsanangura kuti sei chirongwa che1033 chichinyanya kufarirwa mumatunhu ane vanhu vakawanda vekumaruwa vakaita seMinnesota, uko 74 kubva pa87 County sheriffs vakagamuchira midziyo yemauto yakawandisa kubva 2005 - pfuti zhinji nemotokari dzine zvombo.
Jason Dingman, sheriff weStevens County ine vanhu vashoma, Minn., akaudza Mune Zuva kuti MRAP yakasvika zhizha rino iine mamaira makumi mashanu nenhanhatu pairi. Inenge nyowani, mota ine zvombo inongoda basa rependi uye bhatiri nyowani isati yagadzirira kushandiswa neWest Central SWAT - boka remasangano akawanda rinoita mabasa ehungwaru pamuganhu weSouth Dakota, asi rinoshevedzwa chiitiko katanhatu kana kasere pagore. "Kana isu tichingoita waranti yekutsvaga saka hatiburitse [MRAP]," anodaro Dingman.
"Asi kana munhu akaipa akatanga kutipfura zvave zvakasiyana uye tinogona kudaidza MRAP kuti ipe mapurisa edu dziviriro."
Mashoko eDLA anoratidza kuti mapurisa aigamuchira MRAP muna 2016 aisanganisira vaya vanoshandira mamanispala madiki akadai seFallon, Nev. (pop. 8,458), uye Westwego, La. (pop. 8,542). Kunyange mapurisa ekumaruwa Pigeon Forge, Tenn. (pop. 6,171), akawana kudiwa kweMRAP—zvichida kudzinga zvinobudirira kurwiswa kwegandanga kuDollywood, nzvimbo yedhorobha yeDolly Parton-themed amusement park.
Kunyange hazvo mapurisa ari kuti midziyo yakaita seMRAP inoshandiswa kuzvidzivirira, vanhu vanonetsekana patsva panoitika kuratidzira kwechisimba. Zvichitevera kuurayiwa kwemapurisa kwaAlton Sterling muBaton Rouge muna Chikunguru, mutori wenhau weko akatora vhidhiyo yemotokari yezvombo ichisunda mhomho yevaratidziri.
John Lindsay-Poland, akaongorora musoro weboka rinorwisa mauto American Friends Service Committee, anofunga kuti chirongwa che1033 chinosimudzira "pfungwa dzehondo" dzinogona kuwedzera kukanganisa hukama hwemapurisa nenharaunda. "Kana isu tisingadi kuti mapurisa edu ave muhondo munharaunda dzedu," anodaro Mune Zuva, “saka hatifaniri kuvagadzirira zvokurwa nazvo.”
Chinyorwa chakatanga kuwanikwa paNguva Dzino: http://inthesetimes.com/features/obama_police_miltary_equipment_ban.html
