Mauto eUS arikupusha Okinawa

NaPat Mukuru, Mbudzi 12, 2019

Mu1945 iyo Truman manejimendi akaziva kuti hurumende yeJapan yaive kuyedza kutaurirana kuzvipira kuburikidza neMoscow. IUS yakanyatso kutonga Japan nehondo neAugust ye1945 apo yakaparadza Hiroshima neNagasaki nemabhomba maviri, nekudaro ichiuraya hupenyu hwemazana ezviuru zvevanhu nekuparadza hupenyu hwemamirioni.  

Nei uchiuya nazvo izvozvi? Nekuti 74 makore gare gare veJapan vachiri kuyedza kuendesa, uku hurumende yeUS ichiramba ichirwa. 

Pave nemakore matatu kubvira patanzwa nhau kubva kuOkinawa Prefectural Government yekuti nzizi uye pasi pevhu zvakatenderedza mauto eUS's Kadena Air Base zvakasvibiswa nemakemikari anouraya ePFAS. Takaziva ipapo kuti mvura iyi inoshandiswa kudzosera matsime emunharaunda, uye taiziva kuti hutano hwevanhu hwakaiswa mungozi zvakanyanya.

Asi hapana chakachinja. Vanhu vazhinji, kunyangwe veOkinawans, havasati vaziva nezvemvura yakasvibiswa uye yakawanda yeavo ndivo vanoziva, kana vari muzvinzvimbo zvechiremera, vanoita kunge vasingade kumiririra vagari ve450,000 Okinawan vane hutano huri pamutsetse. 

Kunyangwe vachiziva kuti Chitsuwa cheOkinawa chiri kuisirwa muchetura nemakurukota avo eAmerica nekushandira pamwe kwevatengi veJapan anovatonga, zviri kuitika kumukuru weOkinawa zvinosiya zvichidikanwa. Vakaratidza kurega basa kwete kutsamwa. Uku kushaikwa kwekuzvipira kune kodzero dzevaOkinawans haisi iyo mhedzisiro yekuve pasi pejoko reumambo hweUS hwemakore e74?

Mepu yakatsanangurwa kubva ku Yakaziviswa-Ruzhinji Basa pamusoro, inoratidza kusvibiswa kwePFOS / PFOA mumvura yepasi nemahombekombe erwizi Hija padyo neKadena Air Base inosvika munzvimbo dze2,060 patrillion (ppt). Izvo izvo mvura isati yarapwa uye yakatumirwa kuburikidza nemapaipi kune vatengi. Mushure mekurapwa, avhareji PFOS / PFOA nhanho mune "yakachena" mvura ye (iri padyo) Chatan mvura yekuchenesa simiti inenge 1900 ppt, zvinoenderana nechitsuwa chemvura bhodhi, iyo Okinawa Dunhu Bhizinesi Enterprise.

Okinawan emvura masimba anonongedza kune EPA's Hupenyu Hupenyu Advisory ye 70 ppt yezvinhu uye mhedzisiro yekuti mvura yakachengeteka. Masayendisiti ane iyo Inoshanda Working group, zvisinei, anoti mazinga mumvura yekunwa haafanire kudarika 1 ppt, nepo nyika dzinoverengeka dzakaisa miganhu iyo iri chidimbu chemazinga aOkinawa. PFAS makemikari anouraya uye anonyanya kuramba achiomerera. Ivo vanokonzeresa makosi mazhinji emakonzo, anoparadza dambudziko pahutano hwekubereka hwemukadzi, uye inokuvadza fetus iri kukura.

Toshiaki TAIRA, mukuru weOkinawa Prefectural Enterprise Bureau, anodaro anofunga kuti nekutarisisa kwakadai kwePFAS munzizi munzvimbo dziri padyo neKadena Airbase, mukuru anofungidzirwa ndeye Kadena Air Base. 

Zvichakadaro, Ryūkyū Shimpō, rimwe remapepanhau rakavimbika rakasarudzika paOkinawa, inotaura ongororo yakaitwa nemasayendisiti maviri eJapan ayo anonyatsojekesa Kadena Air Base neFenenma Air Station senzvimbo dzinosvibisa.

Kubvunzwa na Washington Post vatori venhau nezve mhosva yaPASAS kusvibiswa,

Wemuchadenga Col. John Hutcheson, mutauriri wemauto eUS Japan, yakadzokororwa mazwi matatu ekutaura anoshandiswa mune anopfuura zana zana zviitiko zvePFAS zvakasvibiswa pasi rese:

• Iyo makemikari yakanga yashandiswa kurwira moto wepeturu kunyanya panhandare dzehondo nemauto.
• Kuiswa kwemauto eUS muJapan kushandurwa kune imwe nzira formula yemvura ifirimu-inogadzira foam iyo iri PFOS yemahara, iyo inongoteedzera huwandu hwePCA uye inosangana neemauto ehunyanzvi hwekudzima moto.
• Hutcheson akaramba kutaura nezvehupfu hwehupfu kunze kwechisimba. Iye akati, "Taona mapepanhau ataurwa asi handina kuwana mukana wekuongorora kudzidza kweYunivhesiti yeKyoto, saka zvingave zvisina kunaka kuti titaure nezvawawana, ”akadaro Hutcheson.

Kunze kweDOD spin chipinda cheimwe nzira chokwadi, makemikari ane njodzi achiri kushandiswa mumoto-kurwisa mafomu ane unoparadza hutano. Iwo maCarcinogens ari kusvetukira mumvura yepasi uye pamusoro pemvura kunyange nevemauto vachiti ichifunda mamiriro ezvinhu. Iyo EPA iri kudzidza mamiriro acho, zvakare. Aya ndiwo maitiro avanokwanisa kurova tangi pasi pemugwagwa. Iyi nzira inoita seinoshanda pamwe nehurumende yeJapan inotenderedza.

VaJunji SHIKIYA, maneja wemuOkinawan mvura, akataura kuti anofungidzira kuti mamwe makemikari akaumbwa akachenesa Aizoita yakashandiswa kuKadena Air Base.

Ndiwo moto wese wavanogona kusanganisa? Vanofungidzira kuti carcinogens inogona kunge yakashandiswa pazasi, saka…?

Ipo hurumende yeUS ichishatisa mvura yavo, vateresi veOkinawa vari kubhadharisa inodhura marasha mapaipi system ayo anofanirwa kutsiviwa nenguva. Mu2016 iyo Okinawa Prefectural Enterprise Bureau yaifanira kushandisa 170 miriyoni yen ($ 1.5 mamirioni) kutsiva mafirita iwo avanoshandisa kurapa mvura. Iwo mafirita anoshandisa "granular activated kabhoni," akafanana nematanda madiki anotora zvakasvibiswa. Kunyangwe nekusimudzirwa, mvura ichiri kupihwa kune yeruzhinji yakazara nehupfu. Nekuda kwemimwe mari yekuwedzera, Hurumende yeParasta yakakumbira hurumende yepakati kuti ivabhadhare.

Iyo nyaya yakafanana nemitengo inotakurwa netaundi re Wittlich-Nyika, Germany kuti isayine sewer sludge yakasvibiswa nePFAS kubva kuUS Spangdahlem Airbase. Iro guta rakarairwa nehurumende yemubatanidzwa yeGermany kuti isaparadzira nzvimbo dzakasvibiswa zvakanyanya paminda yemapurazi, zvichimanikidza nharaunda kuti ipise zvinhu zvacho. Wittlich-Land akawana kuti yaisabvumirwa kumhan'ara mauto eUS kuti adzore mutengo wekupiswa, saka iri kumhan'ara hurumende yeGerman. Mhosva iri kumirira. 

Kunyange hurumende yeJapan kana hurumende yemuno muOkinawa inogona kumhan'ara hurumende yeUS. Uye chimiro chavo chazvino hazvingomutse chivimbo mukuzvipira kwavo kune hutano hweOkinawans.

MuOkinawa, zviremera zvinoratidzika kunge zviri kunzvenga chero dambudziko rehurumende. Toshinori TANAKA, mukuru weOkinawa Defense Bureau, akaisa mutemo mukuramba kubhadhara kune zvakakanganiswa nekuda kwekusvibiswa. "Hapana hukama hwehukama pakati pekuonekwa kwePFOS nekuvapo kwemauto eUS kwakasimbiswa." Pamusoro pezvo, chiyero chekutonga chikamu chakakwira chePFOS hachina kuisirwa mvura yepombi kuJapan. Naizvozvo, maererano nemamiriro ezvinhu aya, hatigone kufunga kuti muripo unofanira kupihwa. ” 

Kuzviisa pasi uye kuteerera zvinobata masimba pamwechete apo vanhu vazhinji vanotambura. 

Nechikwereti chavo, iyo Okinawa Prefectural Enterprise Bureau yakakumbira kuongororwa kwepasi nzvimbo, asi ivo vakarambidzwa kupinda nemaAmericans. 

Ehe saizvozvo. Zvimwe chetezvo ndezvechokwadi kwese kupi.

Okinawa International University Professor Hiromori MAEDOMARI anotsanangura dambudziko kubva pamaonero evagari veJapan, kusanganisira veOkinawans, vane kodzero yekuziva zviri kuitika. Uku kusvibiswa kwepasi kuri kuitika mukati menharaunda yeJapan, saka hurumende yeJapan inofanirwa kushandisa masimba avo senyika yakasununguka, asi anoti nhaurirano pakati pehurumende dzeUS neJapan nezvenyaya yePFOS yakafukidzwa murima, sekunge ivo vari mukati merudzi rwe “bhokisi dema,” uko mashandiro emukati asingawonekwe nevagari vachitsvaga kubva kunze. Anosimbisa kukosha kwevagari kuti vatarise nyaya iyi. (Kubvunzurudza kwake kunowanikwa pano.)

Nyika dzeNew Mexico neMichigan dziri kumhan'ara hurumende yemubatanidzwa yeUSAS nekusvibiswa kwePFAS, asi hutongi hwaVaTrump vari kuti mauto anofarira kuzvidzivirira kubva kuzviedzo nenyika dzekupara mhosva, saka mauto akasununguka kuenderera mberi achipa chepfu vanhu nenzvimbo.

MuJapan mamiriro ezvinhu akatonyanya kuipa. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti vagari havagone kuwana ruzivo rwemukati rwe "bhokisi dema" yenhaurirano dzekuJapan-US kujekesa mutoro. Ko iyo hurumende yeJapan inoshandura Okinawans here? Ndeipi mhando yekumanikidza iyo Washington iri kuisa kuTokyo yekuzvidza kodzero dzeOkinawans? MaAmerican, maJapan, uye maOkinawans vanofanirwa kusimuka voda kuzvidavirira kubva kuhurumende dzavo. Uye isu tinofanirwa kudaidzira kuti mauto eUS achenese huipi hwavo uye ape maOkinawans kukuvadzwa kwemvura yavo.

Kutenda kuna Joseph Essertier, World BEYOND War chitsauko murongi weJapan, kune mazano uye editing.