NaAnn Wright, Mbudzi 15, 2019
Nhoroondo yekugara-yekoloni yeUnited States haina kukurukurwa nevaya vari muhurumende yeUS. Nekudaro, mune leonicon yeAmerica zvidzidzo, kugara-coloniism ndiyo nyaya huru, uye kunyanya kune vanyori venhau dzakaitika munzvimbo dzeHawai'i.
Kubatanidzwa kweUnited States muhondo dzakareba kwakawedzera kumanikidzwa kwenzanga yeUS. Dhipatimendi reUS rave neuto sezvakaitwa nevamiriri vedare repamutemo, majeri nemajeri. Kuita zvechiuto kunosimudzira mhirizhonga yedzinza uye yechikadzi pasirese uye ichikanganisa kurwisana kwevanhu vemunharaunda kuenda kuPacific yakaremerwa.
Ndakanga ndiri muUS Army / Mauto Anochengeterwa makore makumi maviri nemapfumbamwe uye ndakarega basa saColonel. Ini ndaivewo mumiriri weUS kwemakore gumi nematanhatu uye ndakashanda mumamishinari eUS kuNicaragua, Grenada, Somalia, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Sierra Leone, Micronesia, Afghanistan neMongolia. Ndakanga ndiri muchikwata chidiki cheAmerica chakavhura zvakare Mumiriri weUS muKabul, Afghanistan muna Zvita 29. Ndakasiya basa kuUS, hurumende munaKurume 16 ndichipesana nehondo yeUS kuIraq.
Ini ndaona wekutanga ruoko kuti US diplomacy, yedu nyika hukama nedzimwe nyika, yakaitwa sei muchiuto. US diplomacy ndiyo kudyidzana kwenyika inogara-yekoloni kubva pakutanga kwenhoroondo yavo nekutama kwevanhu veko vatorwa kubva kuEast kuenda kuMadokero Coasts kubva kuNorth kuenda kumaodzanyemba sezvo vagari veEuropean vakatama vachiyambuka North America.
Vagari vemuUS-colonial land-grabs vakaenderera mberi nekutenga ivhu, kuwedzerwa, uye kubiwa kwenzvimbo kuburikidza nemubairo wehondo kuwana dzimwe nyika dzemakondinendi eAlaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, US Virgin Islands, Northern Marianas uye nguva dzakasiyana-siyana dzenguva Philippines, Cuba, Nicaragua. Zvinonzwisa tsitsi, kumisikidzwa kwemauto eUS kana mabhesheni anoshevedzwa nemazita evakuru vemauto vakabatsira kutora nyika dzeVanhu vechisimba nechisimba- Fort Knox, Fort Bragg, Fort Steward, Fort Sill, Fort Polk, Fort Jackson.
Mauto eU.S. e “Mvuri”
Mauto eUS ane rakakura "shadow diplomacy" sangano rine nhengo dziri pane vashandi pane ese emauto unit pamusoro peBrigade level. Ivo vanoshandira iyo J5 kana vezvematongerwo enyika-vemauto / vehukama hwepasi rose hofisi yeimwe neshanu yenzvimbo dzakabatana mirairo yeuto reUS. Hofisi yega yega yeJ5 ichave ne10-15 vakuru vemauto vane angangoita madhigirii aMasters mune zvematongerwo enyika nezvemauto, zvidzidzo zvemunharaunda nemitauro yedunhu rehunyanzvi hwavo.
Mumwe wemirairo iwoyo murairo weIndo-Pacific, uri muHonolulu, Hawaii. Iwo Indo-Pacific rairo inovhara zvese zvePacific neAsia kumadokero kweHawaii kusvika kuIndia - nyika makumi matatu nenomwe, kusanganisira vanhu vaviri vakakura kwazvo pasi- India neChina. Inovhara hafu yevagari vepasi uye 36% yepasi uye 52 y y US zvibvumirano zvekudzivirira pamwe.
Aya akadzidziswa zvechiuto "vamiriri" vanodaidzwa Kunze kwenyika Nyanzvi. Kwete chete ivo vane migove mumitemo mikuru yemauto, iwo ari mune angangoita ese Embassy yeUS munyika dzese. Pamusoro pezvo, nyanzvi dzechiuto dzekunze idzi vanowanzo kupihwa mamwe masangano ehurumende, kusanganisira National Security Council, State State, National Security Agency, Central Intelligence Agency, Treasury department, Homeland Security. Ivo zvakare vane mabasa nemayunivhesiti, makambani nemasangano epasi rese anosanganisira United Nations. Kunze kwenzvimbo Mahofisi anowanzo kupihwa kuve vanobatanidza vakuru nemauto eedzimwe nyika.
Vamwe vanofungidzira kuti mauto eU.S. ane Nyanzvi dzekunze Kunzvimbo kupfuura iyo Dhipatimendi reUnited States rine vamiriri veUS. Ivo vanokonzeresa marongero eUS pakutengesa zvombo, kudzidzisa varwi vehondo, kutora nyika kuti vabatane "nemubatanidzwa wevanoda" chero chiuto chiuto chinotungamirwa neUnited States kuita kana iri iyo hondo yeAfghanistan mukutora nyika dzeNATO, Hondo. paIraq, zvakaitwa kurwisa Libya, hurumende yeSyria, ISIS pamwe nemhondi drone basa muAfghanistan, Yemen, Somalia, Mali, Niger.
800 US Mauto Mabase Mune Dzimwe Nyika
IUS ine pamusoro pe800 mauto epasirese mune vamwe vanhu nyika, zhinji dzakaramba dzichidarika makore 75 kubva pakupera kweHondo Yenyika II kusanganisira 174 kuGermany, 113 muJapan (kazhinji pachitsuwa chakabatwa cheOkinawa, iyo Rykuyuu Kingdom) uye 83 mu Chammhembe Koria.
Pano munyika yehutongi hweHumambo hweHawaii, kune mashanu makuru eUS mauto zvigaro paOah'u. Pohakuloa paBig Island yeHawaii'i ndiyo hombe yeuto remauto eUS vanoita bhomba nzvimbo muUS. Iyo Pacific Missile Range paKauai inzvimbo yekuparura zvombo zveAegis uye THAAD zvombo. Nzvimbo hombe yemakomputa emauto iri paMaui. Nekuda kwekuratidzira kwevagari vemunyika, makore makumi mashanu ekubhomba chitsuwa cheKo'olawee apera. Rim yePacific kana RIMPAC, iyo hombe hondo dzepasirose dzehondo dzepasirese, dzinoitirwa mumvura yeHawaii gore rega rega gore riine nyika dzinopfuura makumi matatu, ngarava makumi mashanu, ndege mazana maviri nemakumi maviri nemakumi maviri nemakumi mashanu emauto.
Pachitsuwa chakatorwa neU.S. cheGuam, iyo US ine zvigaro zvitatu zvemauto uye kutumirwa kuchangobva kuitika kweUS Marines kuenda kuGuam kwakawedzera huwandu hwechitsuwa ichi ne30 muzana pasina kuwedzera kwezvivakwa kuti vakwanise kuwedzera kuwedzera kwevanhu. Zvizvarwa zvemunyika zviri kupokana nemauto eUS ekubhomba pachiwi cheTinian.
Zvizvarwa zvemu Okinawa zvakapokana zvakanyanya nekuvakwa kwechitima chemauto eUS ku Oura Bay kwakaparadza makorari nehupenyu hwemumakungwa.
Vagari vemuJeju Island, South Korea vakapikisa kuvakwa kwenzvimbo hombe yemasoja inoshandiswa neU.S. Navy, kuendeswa kweTHAAD missile system muSouth Korea kwakwevera kuratidzira kukuru kwevagari. Nzvimbo huru kwazvo yeuto reUS kunze kweUS ndiCamp Humphries muSouth Korea iyo yakavakwa zvisinei nekuratidzira kukuru kwevanhu.
Militarization yeMutemo Ekusimbisa Maenzanisi kumaZinga ese
Haingori chete mauto eUS anotora enzvimbo dzenyika, asi kurongeka kwemauto kwakakura kunogara mupfungwa dzenzanga yedu. Mapurisa epamba akarairidza kudzidziswa kwavo. Mauto eUS aita kuti mapurisa emuno awane zvombo zvemauto zvakadai sevashandi vekutakura, michina yeruzha, maheti, mavesti, pfuti.
Mitemo yemauto yekubata uye matekiniki anoshandiswa nemapurisa mazhinji kupaza dzimba, kusvika kuvanhu vanofungidzirwa zviitiko zvematsotsi, kutanga kupfura uye kubvunza mibvunzo gare gare. Zvino zvave kungoitika zvichitevera kupfurwa kwemapurisa kwevanhu vasina zvombo, kubvunza kana mupurisa anga ari muchiuto cheUS, riini, kupi, uye nemazuva api munhu anga ari muchiuto sezvo mupurisa angave akashandisa mitemo yechiuto panzvimbo mitemo yemapurisa iyo mukupfura munhu asina zvombo.
Chinzvimbo chakasarudzika chinopihwa varwi vechiuto vanonyorera kuve mapurisa, kunyangwe mushure memapurisa mazhinji ekupfurwa kwevanhu vasina zvombo sezvazvinowanzoitika mukubata kwemauto nevanhuwo zvavo, masangano mazhinji emapurisa ari kuda kuwedzerwa kuongororwa kwepfungwa kune varwi vehondo panguva yekutora. Muvhimi ane post-traumatic stress (PTS) uye kunyanya avo vanogamuchira chiyero chekurapa chePTS kubva kuVeterans Administration vanofanirwa kubviswa kubva mukutorwa nemapurisa nekuda kwematambudziko epfungwa uye epfungwa.
Mauto eU.S ekumajere mumajeri eAfghanistan, Iraq, Guantanamo nenzvimbo dema muEurope, South East Asia nenzvimbo dzichiri kusazivikanwa kuruzhinji zvakaunza mumajere eUnited States maitiro ehondo kuvasungwa, kunyanya avo vasungwa vari kuita zvisirizvo mumamiriro evasungwa uye kurangwa kwejere.
Kurwira kodzero dzevanhu kwakarongedzwa nevarwi vemauto eUS kutirongo remauto eUS ku Abu Ghraib, Iraq uye Bagram, Afghanistan uye muhusungwa hwemauto eU.S. kuGuantanamo, Cuba inoitwazve mumajere eUnited States.
Kutarisirwa Kwemaruwa kweJair Jail
Ini ndinoshanda nesangano rinodaidzwa kuti Texas Jail Project rinova boka rezvekutsigira veruzhinji rinobatsira mhuri dzevanhu vakasungwa mumajeri e281 muTexas. Iyo Texas Jail Project yakasikwa apo shamwari, murwiri wezvekururamisira kwezvakatipoteredza, akaiswa mutirongo kwemazuva zana nemakumi maviri muVictoria County, Texas jeri nekuunza pfungwa kumakore makumi matatu ekuberekwa zuva nezuva epurasitiki yekurasa marara nekambani yemakemikari kuAlamo Bay kwaaive. mukadzi wehove. Mushure mekuratidzira munzira, nzara yakarova, tsamba kune vapepeti, kuti vaone nezve kusvibiswa, akafunga kuyedza kuzivisa nezve kusvibiswa nekukwira shongwe mune chirimwa chemakambani emakemikari uye achizvisunga nepamusoro peshongwe, 120 tsoka kubva pasi. Akawanikwa aine mhosva yekudarika uye akatongerwa mazuva zana nemakumi maviri mutirongo yeruwa.
Paakanga ari mutirongo, akanyora nezve mamiriro ezvinhu mutirongo uye akafunga kuti achashanda padunhu rekushandurwa kwejere paakabuda Isu seshamwari dzake takashanda kuongorora nyaya dzinotyisa dzekurapwa kwevasungwa, mamiriro ezvinhu anotyisa mukati mejeri kusanganisira kurapwa yemafungiro akashushikana uye evakadzi vane nhumbu. Iyo Texas Jail Project yakatanga kuenda kumusangano wevatatu wekomisheni yeTexas Jail, rimwe remapoka mashoma kwazvo akambogara mumisangano yebhodhi inotara marongero nekuraira kuferefetwa. Iyo purojekiti yakatungamira kukwezva kwedare reparamende yeTexas kuti ipe mutemo wekuti mukadzi ari kusununguka haafanire kusungwa kumubhedha muchipatara paanosununguka. Iyo Texas Jail Project inopawo mwedzi wega wega "Hell Hole yeMwedzi" kudomwa kune rimwe County jeri rine nhoroondo yekusabatwa zvakanaka kwevasungwa.
Iwo majeri ejeri eTexas ane imwe yemitengo yepamusoro yekufa kwemusungwa nekuzviuraya kana kuuraya. Sezvo varindi vemajeri vakawanda vaimbove mauto, Texas Jail Project inoyeuchidza mhuri dzevanoitirwa mhirizhonga mukati mematorongo kuti vabvunze nekukashure nezvemauto ejeri uye vobvunza kana varindi vaive mumauto eUS uye kunyanya kana vaive muhondo kana varindi Mauto eUS kana ejeri reCIA muAfghanistan, Iraq kana Cuba. Kana paine chero wevachengeti vemajeri akange ashanda mumajeri eUS munyika idzodzo, ipapo fungidziro inofanirwa kunge iri yekuti maitiro evarindi aishandiswa mumajeri eUS angangodaro akaendeswa mumajeri evasungwa nejeri muUS.
Varwi vemauto eUS vanowana chinzvimbo chakanakira mukunyorera nzvimbo dzevarindi munharaunda, kumatunhu nenyika. Texas Jail Project inotsigira vekare vemauto eUS vanonyorera mapurisa eTexas County nemapurisa ejeri kuti vaongororwe zvepfungwa kuyedza kuona kana vachiratidzira kusara kwekushushikana kwekushungurudzika kubva kuzviitiko zvemauto zvinogona kuitiswa mukushungurudzwa kune avo vakasungwa.
Settler-Colonial Nation Israel Inopa Matipi eUS pamusoro pemaitiro ekuedza kudzora nyika dzakavandika
Mafungiro ehondo ehurumende yedu yemubatanidzwa anoratidzwa nemamiriro ezvinhu muhusungwa / nzvimbo dzevasungwa pamwe neUS-Mexico muganho uye nzvimbo dzevasungwa kune vanoenda kune dzimwe nyika dzakawanda.
Mhirizhonga yemiganhu yeUS nefenzi, yekuongorora drones uye nzvimbo dzekutarisa zvakaverengerwa mushure memumwe mugari wekoloni nyika -Israel, iyo ine imwe yenzvimbo dzehondo dzakanyanya munyika. Matekiniki eIsrael, kurovedzwa nemidziyo inoshandiswa kumaPalestine muWest Bank neGaza zvakatengwa zvakapetwa nehurumende yeUS, nyika nehurumende dzemunharaunda kwete kwete chete nzvimbo dzemuganhu asiwo mumaguta.
Anopfuura zana nemakumi mashanu emapurisa eguta anotumira mapurisa kuIsrael vachiona nzira dzinoshandiswa nevaIsrael "kudzora" vanhu vePalestine muWest Bank nevagari vePalestine veIsrael muIsrael chaimo. Mapurisa eUS nevamiriri vehurumende vanoona mashandiro emuganho weIsrael kujeri rekunze iro hurumende yeIsrael yakagadzira kuvhara Gaza nenyika negungwa. Vakuru vemuUS vanoona vanopamba veIsrael vachiuraya maPalestine kubva munzvimbo dzeberm pamuganhu uye vachiona pfuti dzinodzorwa dziri kure dzinopfurwa kuPalestine.
Pasi pekutarisa kwakatariswa kwemapurisa eUS neuto, pamusoro pe300 maPalestine kuGaza vakaurayiwa nevanopfura veIsrael mumwedzi yakapfuura ye18 uye pamusoro pe16,000 Palestinians vakakuvadzwa nemoto wepfuti weIsrael, vazhinji vakatarisana nemabhomba akaputika mumakumbo kuti ave nechokwadi nemakumbo. anofanira kuveurwa, nokudaro zvichiita kuti hupenyu hwechinangwa huve nyore kwaari, mhuri yake uye nharaunda.
US seSettler-Colonial Nation
IUS yaive nyika yaigara-nyika yemukoloni kubva pakutanga kwenhoroondo yavo yakasimbiswa nezviito zvechiuto kurwisa vagari vemo pane nyika yeUS uye voenda kune imwe nyika yekoloni-inogadzikana neannexation nehondo.
Sezvazvinoonekwa munguva pfupi yapfuura muhondo dzeUS kuAfghanistan neIraq uye muSyria, nzira yekoloni-yekugara yekutora zvine simba kutora nyika dzevamwe inorwara zvakaipisisa.
Mukati meU.S. nzvimbo huru dzevasungwa munyika vanoramba vachityisidzirwa neuto remauto eU.S. nevapoteri uye nevapoteri vane kodzero yavo yevagari pamwe neyezviremera kutyorwa nehurumende yeUnited States.
Nguva yekupedza iyo Settler-Colonial Approach
Yange iri nguva-yakapfuura yekuti US ipedze iyo inogaramo-nyika yekugara kune vagari vekunze uye epasi rese asi izvi zvichaitika chete kana vashandi vehurumende, pamwe nevagari, vaziva nhoroondo yeUS nezvazviri uye nechinangwa chekuda kuedza kuti vashandure kudyidzana kwavo nenzvimbo dzenharaunda.
Nezve Munyori: Ann Wright akashanda makore makumi maviri nemapfumbamwe muUS Army / Mauto Anochengetedza uye akarega basa seColonel. Semumiriri weUS, akashanda makore gumi nematanhatu kumamishinari eU.S. kuNicaragua, Grenada, Somalia, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Sierra Leone, Federated States of Micronesia, Afghanistan neMongolia. Akasiya chigaro kubva kuhurumende yeUS muna 29 achipesana nehondo yeIraq. Iye ndiye mubatanidzwa wemunyori we "Kuramba: Manzwi Ehana."
Imwe Mhinduro
colonialism inofanira kupera!