The Red Scare

NaAlice Slater, MuKudzika Nhau, April 3, 2022

NEW YORK (IDN) - Muna 1954 ndakaenda kuQueens College makore Senator Joseph McCarthy asati asangana nekuuya kwake mudare reArmy-McCarthy mushure mekutyisidzira vanhu vekuAmerica kwemakore vachipomerwa kusavimbika kwemakomunisti, vachizunguza runyoro rwevagari vasina kunyorwa, vachityisidzira hupenyu hwavo, basa ravo, kukwanisa kwavo kushanda munzanga pamusana pezvavanotsigira.

Muimba yokudyira yepakoreji, takanga tichikurukura zvematongerwe enyika apo mumwe mudzidzi akandikanda pepa reyero mumaoko angu. "Pano unofanira kuverenga izvi." Ndakakanda ziso pamusoro. Mwoyo wangu wakawedzera kurova pandakaona mashoko okuti “Bato reCommunist of America.” Ndakakasira kuriisa mubhegi rangu risina kuvhurwa, ndokukwira bhazi ndichienda kumba, ndakakwira lift kusvika pauriri hwechisere, ndikafamba ndakananga kumoto wokupisira, uye ndakakanda kabhuku kacho pasi pechute, ndisina kuverengwa, ndisati ndapinda mumba mangu. Ini pachokwadi ndakanga ndisiri kuda kubatwa chibharo. Kutya kutsvuka kwainge kwandibata.

Ndakava nerunako rwangu rwekutanga rwe "rumwe rutivi rwenyaya" nezve communism muna 1968, ndichigara muMassapequa, Long Island, amai vemba vepamusha, vachitarisa Walter Cronkite achitaura nezveHondo yeVietnam. Akamhanya bhaisikopo renhau rekare remumwe mutete, mukomana weHo Chi Minh musangano naWoodrow Wilson muna 1919, pakupera kweHondo Yenyika I, achitsvaga rubatsiro rweUS kuti apedze hutsinye hutongi hweFrance hweVietnam. Cronkite akataura kuti Ho akange atoteedzera Bumbiro reVietnamese pane yedu. Wilson akamuramba uye veSoviet vakafara zvikuru kubatsira. Ndiwo mafambiro akaita Vietnam muCommunist. Makore gare gare, ndakaona firimu racho Indochine, zvichiratidza hutsinye hunoitwa varanda vechiFrench nevashandi veVietnamese paminda yerabha.

Gare gare zuva iroro, nhau dzemanheru dzakaratidza mhomho yevadzidzi veColumbia vachiita mhirizhonga pamusasa, vachidzivisa Dhipatimendi reYunivhesiti muhofisi yake, vachishevedzera masirogani anopesana nehondo uye vachituka bhizinesi reColumbia nekubatana kwevadzidzi kuPentagon. Vakanga vasingadi kupinzwa muHondo younzenza yeVietnam! Ndakatya. Ko mhirizhonga iyi uye kusagadzikana kungave kuri kuitika sei pano paColumbia University muNew York City?

Uku kwaiva kuguma kwenyika yangu sezvandaiziva! Ndakanga ndichangosvitsa makore makumi matatu uye vadzidzi vakanga vaine sirogani inoti, “Usavimbe nemunhu anopfuura makumi matatu”. Ndakatendeukira kumurume wangu, “Chii nyaya nevana ava? Havazivi here kuti izvi ndizvo America? Havazive here kuti tine a hurongwa hwezvematongerwo enyika? Zviri nani ndiite chimwe chinhu pamusoro peizvi!” Husiku hunotevera chaihwo, Democratic Club yaive negakava paMassapequa High School pakati perukova nenjiva paHondo yeVietnam. Ndakaenda kumusangano, ndizere nechokwadi chakarurama pamusoro pechimiro chounzenza chatakanga tatora ndokukumbanira njiva uko takaronga danidziro yaEugene McCarthy yeLong Island yokusarudzwa kwapurezidhendi weDemocratic kugumisa hondo.

McCarthy akarasikirwa nebhedha yake ye1968 muChicago uye takagadzira New Democratic Coalition munyika yose-kuenda pasuo nesuo pasina chero internet uye takakunda 1972 Democratic kudomwa kwaGeorge McGovern mumushandirapamwe wakakatyamadza kusimbwa! Ichi chaive chidzidzo changu chekutanga chinorwadza pamusoro pekuti vakarerekera kune vezvenhau vanopokana nesangano rekurwisa hondo. Havana kumbonyora chero chinhu chakanaka nezvechirongwa cheMcGovern chekupedza hondo, kodzero dzevakadzi, kodzero dzengochani, kodzero dzevanhu. Vakamushungurudza nekudoma Senator Thomas Eagleton seMutevedzeri weMutungamiri, uyo makore apfuura akange apinzwa muchipatara nekuda kwekuora mwoyo. Pakupedzisira aifanira kumutsiva patikiti naSargent Shriver. Akangokunda Massachusetts neWashington, DC. Mushure mezvo, vakuru veDemocratic Party vakagadzira boka rose re "super-delegates" kuti vadzore kuti ndiani angakunda kudomwa uye kudzivirira rudzi irworwo rwekukunda kunoshamisa kwepasi kuti kusazoitika zvakare!

Muna 1989, pandakava gweta pashure pokunge vana vangu vakura, ndakazvipira kushanda neLawyers Alliance for Nuclear Arms Control ndokushanyira Soviet Union, nenhume dzeNew York Professional Roundtable. Yakanga iri nguva inotyisa yekushanyira Russia. Gorbachev akanga achangotanga kushandisa mutemo wake mutsva we peristroika uye glasnost- kuvakazve uye kusununguka. Vanhu vekuRussia vairairwa nenyika yemakomunisiti kuti vaedze demokrasi. Zvikwangwani zvakarembera kubva muzvitoro nemasuo zvichikwira nekudzika mumigwagwa yeMoscow zvichizivisa demokrasi—democracy—kukurudzira vanhu kuti vavhote.

Nhume dzedu dzekuNew York dzakashanyira magazini, Novasty—Chokwadi—apo vanyori vakatsanangura kuti pasi perestroika, munguva pfupi yapfuura vakavhota kuti vasarudze vapepeti vavo. Pane imwe fekitari yetirakita muSversk, makiromita 40 kubva kuMoscow, nhume dzedu mukamuri remusangano wefekitari dzakabvunzwa kana taida kutanga nemibvunzo kana kuti kunzwa hurukuro. Patakasimudza maoko edu kuti tivhote, vagari vomutaundi vaivapo vakatanga kuzevezerana uye vachiti “Democracy! Democracy”! Maziso angu akazadzwa nemisodzi pakushamisika uye kushamisika kuti kuratidzwa kwedu kwemaoko kusingaite kwakamutsa muvatambi vedu veRussia.

Chiono chinorwadza, chinopisa chemarinda evazhinji, makuva asina kucherechedzwa muLeningrad chinondishungurudza nazvino. Kukomba kwaHitler Leningrad kwakaguma nenzufu dzinoda kusvika miriyoni imwe yokuRussia. Pakona iri yose yomugwagwa kwairatidzika, mitemo yechirangaridzo yakarumbidza rutivi rwakati rwemamiriyoni 27 eRussia akafa mudenho yeNazi. Varume vakawanda kupfuura makumi matanhatu. vandakapfuura mumigwagwa yeMoscow neLeningrad, vakanga vakapfekedzwa zvipfuva nemenduru dzechiuto dzaibva kune yainzi maRussia Hondo Huru. Kurova kwakadini kwavakatora kubva kumaNazi-uye chikamu chakatanhamara sei chachiri kuita mutsika yavo nhasi sezvo nyonganyonga yeUkraine ichiitika.

Pane imwe nguva, muperekedzi wangu akabvunza, "Nei imi vanhu vekuAmerica musingavimbi nesu?" “Nei tisingavimbi newe?” Ndakati, “Ko Hangari? Ko Chekosirovhakiya?” Akanditarisa achiratidza kurwadziwa, “Asi taifanira kudzivirira miganhu yedu kubva kuGermany!” Ndakatarisa mumaziso ake eblue ndikanzwa kurevesa kwezwi rake. Panguva iyoyo, ndakanzwa ndatengeswa nehurumende yangu nemakore ekugara ndichitya kutyisidzira kwemakomunisiti. MaRussia aive muchimiro chekudzivirira sezvavaivaka simba ravo rehondo. Vakashandisa Eastern Europe sechidziviriro mukurwisana nokudzokororwa kupi nokupi kwokuparadza kwehondo kwavakanga vawana pamaoko eGermany. Kunyange Napoleon akanga apinda akananga kuMoscow muzana remakore rakanga rapfuura!

Zviri pachena kuti tiri kugadzira chido chakaipa uye ruvengo zvakare nekuwedzera kusinganzwisisiki kweNATO, pasinei nezvipikirwa zvaRegan kuna Gorbachev kuti haizowedzera "inch imwe kumabvazuva" kweGermany, ichichengeta zvombo zvenyukireya munyika shanu dzeNATO, dzichiisa. zvombo muRomania nePoland, uye kutamba mitambo yehondo, kusanganisira mitambo yehondo yenyukireya, pamiganhu yeRussia. Zvishoma zvinoshamisa kuti kuramba kwedu kuramba nhengo yeNATO kuUkraine kwakasangana nekurwiswa kwakashata nechisimba nechisimba neRussia.

Hazvina kumbotaurwa mukurwiswa kwenhau kuPutin neRussia pane imwe nguva, Putin, achisuwa kuti achazombokwanisa kumisa kuwedzera kwekumabvazuva kweNATO, akabvunza Clinton kana Russia ingabatana neNATO. Asi akarambwa sezvakaita mamwe mazano eRussia kuUS kuti vataurirane nezvekubviswa kwezvombo zvenyukireya mukudzoka kwekusiya kumisa zvombo muRomania, kudzokera kuChibvumirano cheABM neChibvumirano cheINF, kurambidza cyberwar, uye kutaurirana chibvumirano. kurambidza zvombo muchadenga.

Mumufananidzo wekatuni weMatt Wuerker Sekuru Sam vari pasofa yechiremba wepfungwa vakabata pfuti vachitya vachiti, “Handinzwisise—ndine zvombo zvenyukireya 1800, ngarava dzehondo 283, ndege mazana mapfumbamwe nemakumi mana. Ndinopedza mari yakawanda pahondo yangu kupfuura nyika 940 dzinotevera dzasanganiswa. Nei ndichinzwa ndisina kuchengeteka zvakadaro!” Chiremba wepfungwa anopindura kuti: “Zviri nyore. Une muzinda wemauto-maindasitiri!”

Chii chinogadzirisa? Nyika inofanirwa kusheedzera kuhungwaru!! 

Daidzirai Global Peace Moratoriun

KUDAI KUTI KUNE RUNYAYA RWEKUPEDZISIRA KWENYIKA UYE KUGONESA pakugadzirwa kwezvombo zvitsva kupi nokupi—kwete rimwe bara—kusanganisira uye kunyanya zvombo zvenyukireya, ngazvive ngura murunyararo!

SIRIRA kugadzirwa kwese kwezvombo uye kugadzira zvisaririra, nyukireya, uye biomass mafuta ekugadzira, nzira iyo nyika dzakagadzirira WWII uye kumisa kugadzirwa kwakawanda mudzimba kugadzira zvombo uye kushandisa zviwanikwa izvi kuchengetedza pasi kubva mukuparara kwemamiriro ekunze;

GADZIRA chirongwa chepasi rose chemakore matatu chekuputsika chemagetsi, solar panel, hydro turbines, geothermal, kushanda zvakanaka, green hydrogen simba, nemazana emamiriyoni emabasa pasi rese, uye kufukidza pasirese mumapanera ezuva, mhepo, maturbine emvura, geothermal generating. plant;

TANGA CHIRONGWA chenyika yose chekurima kwakasimba-dyara makumi emamiriyoni emiti, isa magadheni pamusoro pedenga remba pachivako chega chega uye zvigamba zvemuriwo zvemuguta mumugwagwa wega wega;

DZESE ZVINOSHANDA PAMWE CHETE PASI POSE kuponesa Amai Pasi kubva kuhondo yenyukireya uye kuparadzwa kwemamiriro ekunze!

Munyori anoshanda paMabhodhi e World Beyond War, Global Network Against Weapons uye Nuclear Power in Space. Iye zvakare mumiriri weUN NGO we Nheyo Yenyika Yorugare Sangano.