Iyo NYT yaDavid Sanger, Mukomana Akachema "Nukes"!

Kubva pakutanga 1990s iyo US mass media ragara richiratidzira hurumende yeNorth Korea se "hutsinye hunodzora hutongi hwomumiriri anotyisidzira nyika zvino nekutyisidzira nyika nekurwisa kwenyukireya," mumashoko emunyori wezvenhau wekuAmerica Bruce Cumings (North Korea: Rimwe Nyika, 2003). Kushungurudza. Nyika. Iyo US ine huwandu hwevanhu 13 kakawanda saizi yeNorth Korea; iyo 156-nguva-yakakura-yekuchengetedza bhajeti (mu 2016); mazana emabhiza ehondo muEast Asia; zvigadziko zvemauto zvinotakura zvinonzi "vatakuri vendege" (North Korea ine zero); zana kakapetwa kakawanda zvombo zve nyukiliya; makumi ezviuru emauto eUS muSouth Korea pamwe neJapan, uye zvikepe zvengarava zvinoshongedzwa nemagetsi ehondo anokwanisa kuvanda pamhenderekedzo yeKorea Peninsula. Asi vatori venhau vakaita saDavid Sanger we "vakasununguka" New York Times vanokwanisa kugonesa vakadzidza, vepakati-veAmerica vekuAmerica kuti nyika inotityisidzira, pane imwe nzira yakatenderedza.

Iri rakapfuma kirasi rakatenga mune inorondedzerwa kuti iyo US ine yakasununguka-kune-zvishoma-kuruboshwe midhiya inopa inopesana kurudyi. Sezvo mutungamiri wenyika, VaTrump vanofunga nezve "nhau dzenhema" uye vachizivisa zvine hungwaru kuti dambudziko reNorth Korea ragadziriswa nekuti akagara pasi naKim Jong-un kamwe, ma liberals smugly vanogumisa kuti "yakasununguka" media inotaura chokwadi uye kuti VaTrump ndivo dambudziko, asi zviri izvo, ivo vaviri vari. Dzese nhema.

Muchokwadi, iyo yakazara spectrum yehukuru vezvenhau yakanyatsobvumirana naTrump yekusimbisa iyo ngano yekuparadzwa kuri pedyo nenjodzi uye inouraya North Korea inotongwa nembwa inopenga. Muenzaniso unooneka munguva pfupi yapfuura Njodzichinyorwa "MuNorth Korea, Misodzi Bases Inopa Chinyadzo Chakakura" (12 Mbudzi 2018) mu New York Times. Chirungu chinyorwa che The Hankyoreh, bepanhau rinoenderera mberi muSouth Korea, rakaburitsa chinyorwa chakatsoropodza Sanger yakanzi, "NYT Report pamusoro peN.Korea 'Hunyengeri Hukuru' Hwakazara Nemakomba neMhosho," asi tichifunga kuti kangani kaakadhindisa zvisizvo nezve North Korea, zviri pachena nguva yekudaidza izvi "zvikanganiso" "kunyepa chaiko." New York TimesVaverengi vanofanirwa kucherenga kuti zvese hurumende yeSouth Korea uye nyanzvi yekuKorea Tim Shorrock vakatoratidza kuti hapana zvakazarurirwa mune chinyorwa chaSanger kana mufungidziro yekufungidzira yaakawedzeredza nekuwedzera. (Ona "Shorrock's" Kuzvidzwa Kwaitwa neNew York Times Ruzhinji kuNorth Korea, " The Nation, 16 Mbudzi 2018).

Njodzi chave chiri chisina kunaka paNorth Korea pamusoro uye nepamusoro kwemakore 25. Uyu mutori wenhau wePulitzer-mubairo anohwina, ane zita rekuti "Scoop" zvakajeka haana chekuita neNorth Korea, anga ari mutungamiriri wekunyepedzera kuWashington kupikisa North. Pane imwe nguva, mushure me "zvikanganiso" zvakawanda zvese zvinotungamira mukududziro imwe yenhema yezvinoitika, nekunyarara kwakawanda uye kunyanyisa, uye kushoma kuedza kugadzirisa mumwe, munhu anofanira kugumisa kuti murume arikunyepa. Tichifunga nezvekudyidzana kwekuMabvazuva uye kutya kwakadzika chero kwemaitiro ehukama muU.S., vatori venhau vakaita saSanger vanopaza North Korea uye vanotsigira nemhirizhonga vanhu veNorth Korea nguva ipi neipi painomuka mukana. Mavhesi anotsanangura zvakajeka kusagadzikana uye kutya muUS:

"MuCold War bipolarity isu tiri mugwara, vavariro yedu yakachena, isu tinoita zvakanaka uye hatina kukuvadzwa, ivo mhomho inovenga, tsotsi kana isiri chete ChiCommunist, asingaoneki (kana kunyange vatorwa uye Martians mumafirimu e1950s, grotesque, anopenga , inokwanisa chero chinhu. Isu tiri vanhu uye tinokudzwa uye takavhurika; vane humwari, vasinganzwisisike, vanovharirwa Vamwe vasina kodzero dzakakodzera isu kuremekedzwa. Isu taizoenda kumusha tichifara kana muvengi angangoita chinhu chakakodzera uye kuputika, nekunyangarika, kuzvirwadzisa. Asi muvengi ndeakaoma, anoshingirira, anogara aripo mukuita kwake zvakashata (muzhizha re2009, zuva nezuva uye zuva kunze, CNN yakaburitsa nhau nezveKumusoro pasi pezita rekuti 'North Korea Kutyisidzira'). Mushure memakumi manomwe emakore ekutarisana, iyo mifananidzo yeAmerica yakakurumbira yeNorth Korea ichine zviratidzo zvekuzvarwa kwevekuMabvazuva "Hondo yeKorea: A History, 2011).

Nomufaro achimbundira iyi runyararo pakutanga 1990s, Sanger akatungamira kuratidzira hurumende yeNorth Korea seisina kudzora uye North Korea aimbova musoro wenyika Kim Jong-il (1941-2011) sekupenga uye kutungamira hurumende iri padhuze "Kupera simba." Akanyora, "Sezvo hurumende yeStalinist yeKim Il Sung ichidhonzwa kukona, hupfumi hwayo huri kuderera uye vanhu vayo vachipererwa nechikafu," zvine hungwaru "kana nyika ichichinja murunyararo kana kupera simba sezvayakaita zvaimboita kare ”(North Korea: Rimwe Nyika. Hakuna mamiriro ezvinhu akaitika. Uye sezvaanowanzoita, akadzokorora mupi wehondo kuti ataure maonero ake - hunyengeri hwaimubvumira kutora basa. Mazwi a New York Timesmutori venhau vechikamu chake mabasa zvinokanganisa nyika chaiyo.

“Kubuda”? Hurumende yechiKomonisiti yokutanga yeNorth Korea pasi Kim Il Sung havana "kupera simba" pavakadenha hurumende yemudzvanyiriri anotsigira US.Sngman Rhee. North Korea iri, mumashoko eCumings, "anticoloni uye anopesana nenyika inowedzera kubva hafu yezana yekutonga yekoloni yeJapan uye imwe hafu yezana-inopfuurira yekutarisana nehegemonic United States uye yeSouth Korea ine simba"North Korea: Rimwe Nyika. Panguva ya Rheekukwira, hurumende yeNorth Korea yaisanganisira varwi vehondo avo panguva iyoyo vaive nekurangarira kutsva mutengesi kurwisa neHumambo hweJapan hutsinye. Syngman Rhee raipokana zvikuru neCommunist. Uye vane masimba muhurumende yake nyowani, hurumende yaizivikanwa zvisiri pamutemo uye husavha hweUS — vaimbove vabati veushe hweJapan avo vaive zvino vobatana neimwe sevapambi vekunze. Hondo yevagari vemo yanga ichitarisirwa ne1949 uye Cumings ichiita gakava rekutangisa kuti rakatanga mu1932. Akatarisa kumashure kumashoko eGurukota rezveMabasa eBritain, Richard Stokes, uyo akaona kuti Hondo muKorea yakafanana neAmerican Civil War:

"Marobhoti akazove aitaura chokwadi: hupenyu hurefu hwekurwa uyu unowana chikonzero muhondo yakakosha, chinhu chatinofanira kutanga taziva: yaive hondo yemunyika, hondo yakarwa kazhinji nevaKorea kubva kunopesana munharaunda. zvinangwa. Hazvina kutora makore matatu, asi kuva nekutanga mu1932, uye hazvina kuzopera. "(Hondo yeKorea: A History).

I "Hondo" yakaitika pakati pemaitiro maviri anopesana munharaunda nehupfumi - kuongorora-kwakavakirwa pachishandiswa venhau havana kufuratira. Funga nezve kufanana chaiko pakati peHondo yeKorea neAmerican Hondo yeAmerica, wobva wafungidzira kuti ko iko kwekupedzisira kungadai kwakaita sei dai veBritain vakasvetukira mukati merwendo.

Scoop akaenderera mberi nekufungidzira kwake kwakanaka nechinyorwa cha1994 maakanyora kuti nyika ine "maddog mbiri." (Cherekedza kuti Sanger anonyatso sanganisa sei Kim Jung-il uye nyika pachayo kuita imwechete, yakabatana monolith). Zvisinei, muna 2001 apo Munyori weHurumende Madeleine Albright akasangana naKim Jong-il mumunhu, iye Washington Postyakabuda nechinyorwa chakanzi "North Korea's Kim Sheds Image ya'Madman '." Mumwe weAmerica akasangana naye akati, "Anoshanda, anofunga, akateerera zvakanyanya. Aive achinyora zvinyorwa. Ane pfungwa yekuseka. Haasi iye anopenga vanhu vazhinji vanomuratidzira so. "(North Korea: Rimwe Nyika. Unogona kunge usiri kuda kugara munyika yaanotonga, asi ichi hachisi chifananidzo chemurume akazvinyima kana kuzviuraya uyo watakapihwa chikafu.

Rondedzero iyi yakaenderera kusvika nanhasi, kunyangwe Kim Jong-un, mwanakomana wake, achibatirana pamwe nehurumende yaMoney Jae-in. Zvese zviri kutaurwa pamusoroKim Jong-unanofungidzirwa kusagadzikana kwepfungwa uye kusekwa kwemararamiro ake zvinoonekwa seyakajairwa nevatori venhau, izvo neimwe nzira vanotadza kucherechedza kuti mutungamiri wenyika ino yeUS haanyatsogadzikana uye anomuka. Zvingave izvo here kutaura kuti ndeupi "anopenga" chaiye ane chigunwe pabhatani kuri kungotyisa?

In Nyamavhuvhu 1998 Scoop yakanga isiriyo paakanyora kuti North Korea yakanga ichivaka pachivande zvombo zveNuklia munzvimbo yepasi pevhu. Ichi chiziviso chakadhindwa papeji yekutanga ye New York Times. Kana North Korea payakabvumidza mauto eUS kuti aongorore nzvimbo iyi, vakawana isina chinhu uye redhiyo zvinhu-zvishoma, nyaya yechokwadi isina kuzviita iyo yekumberi peji.

Muna Chikunguru 2003 Scoop yanga isiriyo paakataura kuti huchenjeri hweUS hwanga hwawana "chechipiri, chakavanzika chirimwa chekugadzira zvombo-giredheni plutonium" (Cumings, "Pakaipa Zvakare," London Review of Books. Uye pane 27 Kubvumbi 2017, Scoop Paive pakaipa paakataura zvikonzero zvekutonga kwaTrump nekureva nhema kuti North Korea "yaikwanisa kuburitsa bhomba renyukireya mushure memavhiki matanhatu kana manomwe" (NY Times).

Njodzi Nhema dzinoti "kubva pamusangano wekutanga pakati paVaTrump naVaKim, muna Chikumi 12 muSingapore, North haisati yatora danho rekutanga kuDenuclearization." Pane kusapindirana, North Korea yakamisa kuyedza nyukireya kwenguva pfupi. gore; yakaparadza nzvimbo yePunggye-ri yenyukireya yekuongorora uye yakakoka kunze kwevakuru kuongorora kuti yakaparara; kusunungurwa, kana kuti mbichana kutanga kusvina iyo Sohae Satellite Launching Station; vakabvumirana kuputsa zvachose nzvimbo yeDongchang-ri missile injini yekuyedza nzvimbo uye yekutanga chikuva ichionekwa nenyanzvi, pamwe nekuparadza zvivakwa zveNybybyon kana "United States ichitora matanho anoenderana." Aya matanho akakosha kune anonzi " kudhara.

Izvi zvibayiro zvikuru zveNorth Korea, nyika ine chidiki cheGDP hama kuUS, uko kuvaka zvakare kwakatonyanya. Hunyengeri hwakakomberedza nzou huru yenyukireya mukamuri inonyadzisa-chokwadi chekuti kumanikidzwa kwese kuri kuNorth Korea kubvisa zvombo, nepo US ichigona kugara chinyararire pane yavo huru sosi yenyukireya (ye 6,800 nukes) inotyisidzira North Korea uye mizhinji dzimwe nyika kutenderera pasirese.

mhedziso

Ingori fungidziro yekuti Sanger akanyora ichi chidimbu mushure mekunge maDemocrats akunda kutonga kweImba yeVamiririri-iwo maDemocrat akafanana akavharira VaTrump kubva kudzora mauto ezasi pasi pe28,000 muSouth Korea?

Isu tinoziva kuti mhindu dzevadziviriri vezvekudzivirira dzichaderera zvakanyanya kana runyararo ruchimuka paKorea Peninsula Kuongororwa kwakaitwa neCentre for Strategic uye International Study (CSIS) kubva kwavakaita Scoop zvaasinga vimbise sezvo vasina humbowo chaihwo. (The NY Times iyo pachayo yakatiudza kuti CSIS inoshandira indasitiri yezvombo mu "How Ask Tanks Amplify Corporate America 's Influence, "7 Nyamavhuvhu 2016). Aya ndiwo makambani nevanhu vanogara pasi pe "North Korea kutyisidzira."

Heino yakakurumidza runyorwa dzimwe dzengozi dzerunyararo kuzvidzivirira vanoita basa uye kuiswa kwemauto eUS: Iyo inodhura yeTHAAD inobata muSouth Korea uye Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense System inogona kuiswa mungozi. Troops dzinogona kubviswa kubva kuKorea. Mabhesiki maviri matsva ari kuvakwa muHenoko neTakae, Okinawa anogona kutyisidzirwa. (Iko kutove nekupikiswa kwakasimba, kusingazununguki muOkinawa kune aya matsva). Mutungamiri Shinzo Abe uye ma ultranationalists eri ilk yake angawa kubva musimba muJapan. Uye zvirongwa zvake zvekudzima Article 9 (izvo zvinorambidza Japan kurwisa dzimwe nyika) uye kupedzisa bumbiro rerunyararo rweJapan zvinogona kudzikiswa, nekudaro kudzivirira "Yekuzvidzivirira" kweJapan kubva zvizere integratedating neUS mauto-maindasitiri tatais.

Munhau dzakakurumbira dzeUS nhasi tinoratidzwa sarudzo pakati penyaya dzekunyepedzera dzaTrump uye kunyengera kwevasori venhema / vafambisi venhau vanofambira mberi, avo dzimwe nguva vanozoita nhau dzenhema pachavo. Mari yakakura uye simba zviri panjodzi kuKorea. Runyararo muKorea zvinotyisidzira kugara, masitoko, maindasitiri ehondo, mukurumbira wevanhu vazhinji. Idzi ndidzo njodzi dzerunyararo, asi rugare runofanira kuuya, uye ruchasvika, zvakanyanya kuburikidza nemasimba akasimba eanoda uye nerunyararo vanhu vane rudo veSouth Korea.

Kurongeka kwenzvimbo muNortheast Asia kunogona kushandurwa zvachose, uye chii chinotyisa kune vazhinji vevakuru vekugadzwa kweUS ndechekuti US inogona kurasikirwa nenzvimbo yayo hegemonic, kugona kwayo kutonga misika ipapo, uye mukana wekuzadzisa fungidziro yezvinyorwa zve " Vhura Gonhi ”-kufungidzira kuti hushoma hwevaAmerica vanokara vakachengeta makore ekupedzisira e120.

Tinotenda zvikuru kuna Stephen Brivati ​​nekuda kwemashoko, mazano, nekugadzirisa.