A French Armée de l'Air et de l'Espace Atlas ndege yekufambisa. Chirevo chedu pamusoro peEU CO2 chaburitswa chakawana kuti France yainyanya kuburitsa, nekuda kwemauto ayo makuru nemauto anoshanda Chikwereti: Armée de l'Air et de l'Espace / Olivier Ravenel
By Kunetsana uye Nharaunda Inotarisa, February 23, 2021
Iyo tsoka yekabhoni yeiyo EU chikamu chemauto chakakosha - mauto nemaindasitiri anovatsigira vanofanirwa kuita zvakawanda kunyora kwavo kuburitsa.
Mauto anowanzo kuregererwa kubuda pachena kuburitsa gasi rinokanganisa gasi (GHG) uye parizvino hapana kubatanidzwa kweruzhinji kuburitswa kweGHG kuburitswa kwemauto eEuropean Union. Sevashandisi vepamusoro vefossil fuels, uye nemauto mashandisirwo pakuwedzera, kuongororwa kukuru uye kuwanda kwekudzora zvinangwa zvinosanganisira GHG emissions kubva muchiuto inodiwa. Stuart Parkinson naLinsey Cottrell vanounza gwaro ravo richangoburwa, iro rinoongorora kabhoni tsoka yemauto eEU.
ziviso
Kugadzirisa kunetsekana kwemamiriro ekunze epasi rose kunoda shanduko yekuita nezvikamu zvese, kusanganisira vemauto. Muna Gumiguru 2020, iyo Conflict and Environment Observatory (CEOBS) uye Masayendisiti eGlobal Responsibility (GSC) vakatumirwa neIye Kuruboshwe Boka muEuropean Paramende (GUE / NGL) kuita ongororo yakafara yeakabhoni tsoka yemauto eEU, kusanganisira ese mauto ehondo, uye maindasitiri ehunyanzvi hwemauto ari muEU. Chidzidzo ichi chakatarisawo marongero akanangana nekuderedza kuburitsa kwemauto kabhoni.
SGR yakanga yaburitsa mushumo nezve kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kweiyo UK mauto Chikamu muna Chivabvu 2020, icho chakafungidzira kabhoni tsoka yeUK mauto uye ichifananidza izvi nenhamba dzakaburitswa neUK Ministry of Defense. Maitiro akafanana neaya akashandiswa kuSGR's UK mushumo akashandiswa kufungidzira kabhoni tsoka yemauto eEU.
Kufungidzira kabhoni tsoka
Kuyera kabhoni tsoka, iripo data yakashandiswa kubva kuhurumende neindasitiri sosi kubva kunhanhatu dzakakura nyika dzeEU maererano nemari yemauto, uye EU yose. Chirevo saka chakanangana neFrance, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Poland neSpain. Chirevo ichi chakaongorora zvakare marongero uye matanho ari kuteverwa pari zvino kudzikisa mauto emweya weGHG muEU, pamwe nekugona kwavo.
Kubva pane iripo data, iyo kabhoni tsoka yekushandisa kwemauto eEU mu2019 inofungidzirwa kunge ingangoita mamirioni 24.8 tCO2e.1 Izvi zvakaenzana neiyo yegore CO2 emissions angangoita mamirioni gumi nemana evhareji mota asi inoonekwa seyakachengetedza fungidziro, zvichipiwa yakawanda data yemhando nyaya dzatakaona. Izvi zvinofananidzwa neakabhoni tsoka yekushandisa kwemauto eUK mu14 iyo yaifungidzirwa pamamirioni gumi nerimwe tCO2e pakutanga SGR mushumo.
Nemashandiro epamusoro emauto muEU,2 France yakawanikwa ichipa chinenge chetatu cheyese kabhoni tsoka yevarwi veEU. Pamakambani ehunyanzvi hwemauto anoshanda muEU akaongororwa, PGZ (yakavakirwa muPoland), Airbus, Leonardo, Rheinmetall, neThales vakatongwa kuti vane mweya weGHG wepamusoro. Mamwe makambani ehunyanzvi hwemauto haana kuburitsa pachena data rezvinhu zvinobuda muGHG, kusanganisira MBDA, Hensoldt, KMW, neNexter.
Kubuda pachena uye kuburitsa
Nyika dzese dzeEU Nhengo dzakabatana neUN Sisitimu Yemusangano weKushanduka kweMamiriro ekunze (UNFCCC), iyo yavanosungirwa kuti vashambadze zvigadzirwa zveGHG zvegore negore. Kuchengetedzwa kwenyika kwaiwanzotaurwa sechikonzero chekusapa dhata pamagetsi emasoja kuUNFCCC Nekudaro, zvichipiwa iro razvino danho rehunyanzvi, rezvemari uye rezvakatipoteredza data ratowanikwa pachena, iyi nharo isinga gutsikane, kunyanya sezvo nyika dzinoverengeka dzeEU dzakatoburitsa huwandu hwakakosha hwedata remauto.
| EU nyika | Mauto GHG emissions (yakashumwa)a MtCO2e |
Carbon tsoka (inofungidzirwa)b MtCO2e |
|---|---|---|
| Furanzi | Kwete kuudzwa | 8.38 |
| Jerimani | 0.75 | 4.53 |
| Itari | 0.34 | 2.13 |
| Netharenzi | 0.15 | 1.25 |
| Porendi | Kwete kuudzwa | Yakakwana data |
| Speini | 0.45 | 2.79 |
| EU yakazara (27 nyika) | 4.52 | 24.83 |
| a. Zviverengero zva2018 sezvakataurwa kuUNFCCC. b. 2019 manhamba sezvaanofungidzirwa neECOBS / SGR mushumo. |
Pari zvino pane nzira dzinoverengeka dzekuongorora nekutsigira danho rekudzikisa kushandiswa kwesimba kabhoni muchiuto, kusanganisira zvirongwa zvepasirese zvakamisikidzwa neEuropean Defense Agency neNATO. Semuenzaniso, European External Action Service (EEAS) yakaburitsa Climate Change uye Defense Roadmap mu November 2020, iyo inoratidza matanho epfupi-, epakati nepakati- kwenguva refu ekugadzirisa nyaya idzi, kusanganisira kuvandudza mashandiro emagetsi. Nekudaro, zvinoramba zvichinetsa kuyera kushanda kwavo pasina yakazara GHG kuburitswa kwekuzivisa kuri munzvimbo kana kutsikiswa. Zvikurukuru, hapana cheaya matanho anotora shanduko kumitemo yezvemauto emauto senzira yekudzora mweya. Nekudaro, mukana urikushaikwa, semuenzaniso, zvibvumirano zvekubvisa zvombo kubatsira kugadzirisa kusvibiswa kuburikidza nekuderedza kutenga, kutumirwa, uye kushandiswa kwemidziyo yechiuto.
Kubva makumi maviri nenomwe eEU Nhengo dzeMatunhu, makumi maviri nemaviri inhengo dzeNATO.3 Munyori Mukuru weNATO akabvuma kudiwa kweNATO nemauto kuti vabatsire mukuwana netsi zero kabhoni muna 2050 muhurukuro mu September 2020. Nekudaro, kumanikidzwa kwekusimudza mashandisirwo emauto kurova zvinangwa zveNATO kunogona kukanganisa chinangwa ichi. Chokwadi, hushoma hunhu hwekuburitsa mweya muchikamu ichi zvinoreva kuti hapana munhu anonyatso kuziva kuti yemauto emhepo kabhoni ari kudonha kana kwete. Nhanho yakakosha ndeyekuti nhengo dzenhengo dziverenge tsoka dzekabhoni dzemasoja avo vobva vazivisa izvi. Zvakanyanya kuomarara zvichange zvichikurudzira nhengo dzese kuti dziite zviitiko zvakafanana zvemamiriro ekunze uye ekuderedza kabhoni kana marongero emamiriro ekunze asina kukosheswa zvakaenzana kumarudzi.
Chiito chinodiwa
Chirevo cheECOBS / SGR chakaratidza huwandu hwezviito zvekutanga. Kunyanya, takapokana kuti ongororo yekuchimbidza inofanira kuitwa kubva kunzira dzekunze uye dzepasi rose dzekuchengetedza mikana yekudzora kutumirwa kwemauto - nekudaro kudzikisira kuburitswa kweGHG munzira dzisati dzatariswa zvakanyanya nehurumende muEU (kana kumwe kunhu. ). Kuongorora kwakadai kunofanirwa kusanganisira kutarisisa kwakasimba pazvinangwa zve'kuchengetedzwa kwevanhu '- kunyanya tichifunga, semuenzaniso, kuti kusaremekedzwa kwazvino noutano uye zvakatipoteredza kwakatungamira kumitengo mikuru yenzanga sezvo ichitambura kubata nedenda re COVID-19 uye mamiriro ekunze ekukurumidzira.
Isu takataura zvakare kuti nyika dzese dzeEU dzinofanirwa kunge dzichitsikisa ruzivo rwepasi rose nezveGHG inoburitswa nemauto avo nemaindasitiri ehunyanzvi hwemauto seyakajairwa tsika, uye kuburitsa kunofanirwa kuve pachena, kuenderana uye kuenzanisa. Kukumbira zvinangwa kunofanirwawo kugadzirirwa kudzikisira kwemauto eGHG emhepo - zvinoenderana neiyo 1.5oC chikamu chakatsanangurwa mukati meParis Chibvumirano. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira zvinangwa zvekuchinjisa kumagetsi anowanikwazve kubva kumagidhi emunyika nekudyara mu-saiti zvinowedzerwazve, pamwe nezvinangwa zvakadzikiswa zveindasitiri yehunyanzvi hwemauto. Nekudaro, matanho aya haafanire kushandiswa senzira yekudzivirira shanduko mukuwedzera kuchengetedzeka nemaitiro emauto.
Zvakare, zvichipiwa kuti mauto eEU ndiye muridzi wepasi mukurusa muEurope, ivhu rine varwi rinofanirwa zvakare kutarisirwa zvirinani kuvandudza kudzora kabhoni uye zvipenyu zvakasiyana, pamwe nekushandisirwa kugadzira pasiti simba rinowedzerwazve pazvinenge zvakakodzera.
Nemishandirapamwe ye #BuildBackBetter inotevera COVID-19 denda, panofanirwa kuve nekumanikidza kukuru kumauto kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti zvavanoita zvinoenderana nezvinangwa zvemamiriro ekunze zveUN uye zvinangwa zvezvinhu zvipenyu.
Unogona kuverenga chirevo chizere pano.
Stuart Parkinson ndiye Executive Director weSGR naLinsey Cottrell ndiEnvironmental Policy Officer kuECOBS. Kutenda kwedu kuna GUE / NGL uyo akapa gwaro.
