NaNiamh Ni Bhriain, openDemocracy, March 4, 2022
Mazuva mana mushure mekunge Russia yapinda muUkraine zvisiri pamutemo, mutungamiri weEuropean Commission Ursula von der Leyen zvakaziviswa kuti "kekutanga zvachose", EU "yaizopa mari yekutenga nekuunza zvombo ... kunyika iri kurwiswa". Mazuva mashomanana akanga apfuura, akanga adaro Wapikisa EU kuve "mubatanidzwa mumwe, mubatanidzwa mumwe" neNATO.
Kusiyana neNATO, EU haisi mubatanidzwa wemauto. Asi, kubvira pakutanga kwehondo iyi, yanga ichinyanya kufunga nezvehondo kupfuura diplomacy. Izvi zvakanga zvisingatarisirwi.
The Lisbon Chibvumirano yakapa tsigiro yemutemo kuti EU igadzire mutemo wakafanana wekuchengetedza nekudzivirira. Pakati pa2014 na2020, imwe €25.6bn* yemari yeruzhinji yeEU yakashandiswa kuwedzera simba rayo rechiuto. Iyo 2021-27 bhajeti yakamisa a European Defense Fund (EDF) yeinenge € 8bn, yakamisikidzwa pamapurogiramu maviri ekutanga, ayo kekutanga akapa EU mari yekutsvagisa nekuvandudza zvigadzirwa zvemauto, zvinosanganisira zvombo zvinopokana zvinotsamira pahungwaru hwekugadzira kana masisitimu otomatiki. Iyo EDF inongova chikamu chimwe chebhajeti rakafara rekudzivirira.
Kushandiswa kweEU kunoratidza nzira yainozivisa sechirongwa chezvematongerwo enyika uye kuti zvinonyanya kukosha ndepapi. Mukati memakore gumi apfuura, zvinetso zvezvamatongerwe enyika nezvenzanga zvakaramba zvichigadziriswa nehondo. Kubviswa kwemabasa ekubatsira vanhu kubva kuMedithera, kwakatsiviwa nepamusoro-tekinoroji yekuongorora drones uye zvichitungamira 20,000 vakanyura kubvira 2013, unongova muenzaniso mumwe. Mukusarudza kupa mari yechiuto, Europe yakamhanyisa mujaho wezvombo uye yakagadzirira hwaro hwehondo.
EC mutevedzeri wemutungamiri uye mumiriri wepamusoro wezvekunze uye chengetedzo mutemo Josep Borrell akati mushure mekurwisa kweRussia: "Imwe tabhoo yadonha ... kuti European Union yanga isiri kupa zvombo muhondo." Borrell akasimbisa kuti zvombo zvinouraya zvichaendeswa kunzvimbo yehondo, zvichitsigirwa neEU Runyararo Nzvimbo. Hondo, zvingaite, ichokwadi rugare, sezvakaziviswa naGeorge Orwell mu'1984'.
Zviito zveEU hazvisi zvekusatarisira zvakanyanya, asi zvakare zvinoratidza kushomeka kwekufunga kwekugadzira. Izvi ndezvechokwadi here zvakanakisa izvo EU inogona kuita munguva yenhamo? To channel € 500m mune zvombo zvinouraya kunyika ine nyukireya gumi neshanu, uko vagari vakanyoreswa vanofanira kurwisa nenzira ipi neipi yavanogona, uko vana vari kugadzirira molotov cocktails, uye uko divi rinopikisa rakaisa simba raro rekudzivirira nyukireya rakangwarira zvikuru? Kukoka mauto eUkraine kuti aendese runyoro rwezvombo zvinongopisa moto wehondo.
Kuramba kusina chisimba
Kufona kubva kuhurumende yeUkraine nevanhu vayo vezvombo zvinonzwisisika uye zvakaoma kufuratira. Asi pakupedzisira, zvombo zvinongowedzera kurebesa uye kuwedzera kurwisana. Ukraine ine muenzaniso wakasimba wekupokana kusina chisimba, kusanganisira Orange Revolution ye2004 uye Maidan Revolution ye2013-14, uye pane zvatova zviito zve kusava nechisimba, kushorwa kwevanhuwo zvavo kuitika munyika yose nekuda kwekupinda. Zviito izvi zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa uye kutsigirwa neEU, iyo kusvika parizvino yakanyanya kutarisisa kuzvidzivirira kwechiuto.
Nhoroondo yakaratidza nguva nenguva kuti kudira zvombo mumamiriro ezvinhu emakakatanwa hakuunzi kugadzikana uye hazvirevi hazvo kuti kunobatsira pakuramba kunobudirira. Muna 2017, US yakatumira zvombo zveEurope-zvakagadzirwa kuIraq kunorwisa ISIS, chete kuti maoko mamwe chete iwayo vanopedzisira vave mumaoko evarwi veIS muhondo yeMosul. Zvombo zvinopihwa nekambani yekuGerman kumapurisa emubatanidzwa weMexico akawira mumaoko emapurisa ekanzuru neboka rematsotsi akarongeka muGuerrero State uye akashandiswa mukuponda vanhu vatanhatu uye nekutsakatika kwevadzidzi makumi mana nevatatu mune imwe nyaya inozivikanwa seAyotzinapa. Kutevera kubviswa kwakashata kwemauto eUS kubva kuAfghanistan muna Nyamavhuvhu 43, huwandu hwakakosha hwehunyanzvi hwepamusoro. Zvigadzirwa zvemauto zveUS zvakatorwa neTaliban, kusanganisira zvikopokopo zvemauto, ndege, uye zvimwe midziyo kubva kuUS war chest.
Nhoroondo yakaratidza nguva nenguva kuti kudira zvombo mumamiriro ezvinhu emakakatanwa hakuunzi kugadzikana
Kune mienzaniso isingaverengeki yakafanana apo zvombo zvinogadzirirwa chinangwa chimwe uye zvinoguma zvashanda chimwe. Ukraine ingangove, pakutarisa kweEurope, ichave inotevera nyaya. Uyezve, maoko ane hupenyu hurefu hwesherufu. Zvombo izvi zvingangochinja maoko kakawanda mumakore anotevera, zvichikuchidzira kumwe kurwisana.
Uku ndiko kutonyanya kushaya hanya kana ukafunga nezvenguva - apo vamiriri veEU vakaungana muBrussels, mauto kubva kuhurumende dzeRussia neUkraine dzaisangana kuhurukuro dzerunyararo muBelarus. Zvadaro, EU zvakaziviswa kuti yaizokurumidzisa chikumbiro cheUkraine chekuva nhengo yeEU, danho risiri rekutsamwisa Russia chete, asi kunyika dzakasiyana-siyana dzeBalkan dzave nemakore dzichizadzisa zvinodiwa zvekupinda.
Kana paine tarisiro yerunyararo nemusi weSvondo mangwanani, nei EU isina kudaidzira kumisa kurwa nekukurumidza uye kukurudzira NATO kuti ibvise huvepo hwayo kuUkraine? Sei zvakakanganisa nhaurirano dzerunyararo nekuchinjisa mhasuru yayo yemauto uye kuita basa remauto?
Iyi 'nguva yemvura' ndiyo magumo emakore e corporate lobbying neindasitiri yezvombo, iyo yakazvimisikidza zvine hungwaru senyanzvi yakazvimirira kuti izivise EU kuita sarudzo, uyezve semubatsiri kana pombi yemari yatanga kuyerera. Aya haasi mamiriro asingafungidzike - ndizvo chaizvo zvaifanira kuitika.
Kutaura kwevakuru veEU kungaratidza kuti vatorwa moyo nekupenga kwehondo. Vakabvisa zvachose kuiswa kwezvombo zvinouraya kubva murufu uye kuparadza kwavachakonzera.
EU inofanira kuchinja nzira pakarepo. Inofanira kubuda kunze kweparadigm yatisvitsa pano, uye inodaidzira rugare. Matanho ekuita neimwe nzira akanyanya kukwirira.
*Huwandu uhu hwakasvikwa nekuwedzera mabhajeti eInternal Security Fund - Mapurisa; iyo Internal Security Fund - Border uye Visa; homwe yeAsylum, Migration and Integration Fund; mari kuEU kururamisira uye masangano ezvemukati menyika; Zvirongwa zveKodzero, Kuenzana uye Ugari uye Europe kune Vagari; iyo Yakachengeteka Sosaiti yekutsvagisa chirongwa; iyo Preparatory Action on Defense Research uye European Defense Industrial Development zvirongwa (2018-20); nzira yeAthena; uye African Peace Facility.
