NaHelen Keller
Kutanga, ndine shoko rokutaura kushamwari dzangu dzakanaka, vapepeti venhau, uye vamwe vanosundwa kundinzwira tsitsi. Vamwe vanhu vanorwadziwa nokuti vanofungidzira kuti ndiri mumaoko evanhu vasina kuvimbika vanonditsausa uye vanondinyengetedza kuti nditsigire zvikonzero zvisingafarirwi uye kundiita mutauri weparadziro dzavo. Zvino, ngazvinzwisiswe kamwe chete uye zvachose kuti handidi tsitsi dzavo; Ini ndaisazochinja nzvimbo nemumwe wavo. Ndinoziva zvandiri kutaura nezvazvo. Kwandinobva ruzivo kwakanaka uye kwakavimbika sekwemunhu wese. Ndine mapepa nemagazini anobva kuEngland, France, Germany neAustria andinogona kuzviverengera. Havasi vese vapepeti vandakasangana navo vanogona kuita izvozvo. Vazhinji vavo vanofanirwa kutora ruoko rwavo rwechipiri rweFrench neGerman. Kwete, handisi kuzozvidza vapepeti. Iboka rinoshanda zvakapfurikidza, risinganzwisiswi. Ngavayeuke, kunyanguvezvo, kuti kana ndikasaona moto pamugumo wefodya yavo, havagoniwo kupinza tsono murima. Chandinobvunza, machinda, munda wakanaka uye hauna nyasha. Ndapinda muhondo yekurwisa kugadzirira uye kupesana nehurongwa hwehupfumi hwatinogara pasi pahwo. Ichava kurwa kusvika kumagumo, uye handibvunze chero chikamu.
Remangwana renyika riri mumaoko eAmerica. Remangwana reAmerica riri pamusana pe80,000,000 varume nevakadzi vanoshanda nevana vavo. Takatarisana nedambudziko guru muhupenyu hwedu hwenyika. Vashoma vanowana pundutso kubva mukushanda kwemhomho vanoda kuronga vashandi kuti vave mauto anozochengetedza zvido zvemacapitalist. Iwe unokurudzirwa kuwedzera kune mitoro inorema iwe unototakura mutoro weuto rakakura uye zvakawanda zvekuwedzera zvikepe zvehondo. Zviri musimba rako kuramba kutakura artillery uye dread-noughts uye kubvisa mamwe mitoro, zvakare, senge limousine, steam yachts uye nyika estates. Haufanire kuita ruzha rukuru nezvazvo. Nekunyarara uye chiremerera chevasiki unogona kugumisa hondo uye hurongwa hwekuzvida uye kushandiswa kunokonzera hondo. Zvese zvaunoda kuti uite kuti uunze shanduko inokatyamadza iyi kutwasanuka nekupeta maoko ako.
Hatisi kugadzirira kudzivirira nyika yedu. Kunyangwe dai takanga tisina rubatsiro sekutaura kwatinoitwa naCongressman Gardner, hatina vavengi vakapusa zvekuedza kupinda muUnited States. Hurukuro yekurwisa kubva kuGermany neJapan haina musoro. Germany ine maoko akazara uye ichave yakabatikana nezvinhu zvayo kune zvimwe zvizvarwa mushure mekunge hondo yeEurope yapera.
Nekutonga kwakazara kweAlantic Ocean neGungwa reMediterranean, vabatsiri vakakundikana kuisa varume vakakwana kuti vakunde vaTurkey paGallipoli; uye vakatadza zvakare kumisa uto paSalonica nenguva kuti vatarise kurwiswa kweBulgaria kweSerbia. Kukundwa kweAmerica nemvura idambudziko rakangoperera kune vanhu vasingazive uye nhengo dzeNavy League.
Asi, kwose kwose, tinonzwa kutya kuchienderera mberi senharo yezvombo. Zvinondiyeuchidza ngano yandakaverenga. Mumwe murume akawana shangu yebhiza. Muvakidzani wake akatanga kuchema nokuungudza nemhaka yokuti, sezvaakataura zvakarurama, murume akawana shangu yebhiza rimwe zuva angawana bhiza. Anga awana shangu, angamurova. Mwana womuvakidzani wacho rimwe zuva angasvika pedyo zvikuru nehero dzebhiza zvokuti orohwa, ofa. Pasina panikiro mhuri mbiri idzi dzaizopopotedzana nokurwa, uye upenyu hunoverengeka hunokosha hwaizorasika kupfurikidza nokuwana bhiza. Munoziva hondo yekupedzisira yatakaita takatora netsaona zvitsuwa muPacific Ocean zvinova nerimwe zuva zvingave zvakakonzera kupopotedzana pakati pedu neJapan. Ndoda kusiya zvitsuwa izvozvi ndozvikanganwa pane kuenda kuhondo kuti ndizvichengete. Haungadaro here?
Congress haisi kugadzirira kudzivirira vanhu veUnited States. Iri kuronga kuchengetedza guta guru revafungi veAmerica uye vanoisa mari muMexico, South America, China, nePhilippine Islands. Sezvineiwo gadziriro iyi ichabatsira vagadziri vezvombo zvehondo nemichina yehondo.
Kusvikira munguva pfupi yapfuura kwakanga kune kushandiswa muUnited States kwemari yakatorwa kubva kuvashandi. Asi vashandi vekuAmerica vari kushandiswa kusvika pari zvino, uye zviwanikwa zvedu zvenyika zvese zvakatorwa. Zvakadaro purofiti inoramba ichiunganidza capital nyowani. Indasitiri yedu iri kusimukira yezvishandiso zvekuponda iri kuzadza dura remabhanga eNew York negoridhe. Uye dhora risiri kushandiswa kuita nhapwa yemumwe munhu harisi kuzadzisa chinangwa charo muchirongwa checapitalist. Dhora iroro rinofanira kuiswa muSouth America, Mexico, China, kana Philippines.
Yakanga isiri tsaona kuti Navy League yakatanga mukurumbira panguva imwechete iyo National City Bank yeNew York yakagadzira bazi muBuenos Aires. Haisi tsaona kuti vatanhatu vebhizinesi vanobatana naJP Morgan vakuru vemauto ekudzivirira. Uye mukana hauna kutaura kuti Meya Mitchel anofanira kugadza kuKomiti yake Yekuchengetedza varume chiuru vanomiririra chikamu chimwe muzvishanu cheupfumi hweUnited States. Varume ava vanoda kuti mari dzavo dzekunze dzichengetedzwe.
Hondo imwe neimwe yemazuva ano ine mudzi wayo mukushandiswa. Hondo yeNyika yakarwiwa kuti isarudze kuti kune vabati vevaranda vekuMaodzanyemba kana macapitalist eNorth vanofanira kushandisa West. Hondo yeSpain-America yakasarudza kuti United States inofanira kushandisa Cuba nePhilippines. Hondo yeSouth Africa yakasarudza kuti maBritish ashandise migodhi yemadhaimani. Hondo yeRusso-Japanese yakasarudza kuti Japan inofanira kushandisa Korea. Hondo iripo ndeyekusarudza kuti ndiani achashandisa Balkan, Turkey, Persia, Egypt, India, China, Africa. Uye tiri kurodza bakatwa redu kuti tityisidzire vakundi kuti vagovere zvakapambwa nesu. Zvino, vashandi havafariri zvakapambwa; havazowani chero chimwe chazvo zvakadaro.
Ivo vakagadzirira propagandists vane chimwe chinhu, uye chakakosha zvikuru. Vanoda kupa vanhu chimwe chinhu chokufunga nezvacho kunze kwemamiriro avo ezvinhu asina mufaro. Vanoziva kuti mutengo wekurarama wakakwira, mihoro ishoma, basa harina chokwadi uye zvichanyanya kudaro apo kudana kweEurope kwezvombo kunomira. Hazvinei kuti vanhu vanoshanda zvakaoma sei uye vasingaregi sei, kazhinji havagoni kuwana nyaradzo yeupenyu; vakawanda havagoni kuwana zvinodiwa.
Mazuva mashoma ega ega tinopihwa kutya kutsva kwehondo kukweretesa chokwadi kune propaganda yavo. Vakava nesu pedyo nehondo pamusoro peLusitania, Gulflight, Ancona, uye zvino vanoda kuti vashandi vafarire kunyura kwePersia. Mushandi haafariri chero ipi zvayo yezvikepe izvi. MaGerman anogona kunyura ngarava dzese paAtlantic Ocean neGungwa reMeditera, uye kuuraya vanhu vekuAmerica nemunhu wese - mushandi wemuAmerica angadai asina chikonzero chekuenda kuhondo.
Michina yese yesystem yakaiswa mukufamba. Pamusoro pekunyunyuta uye ruzha rwekuratidzira kubva kuvashandi kunonzwika izwi rechiremera.
“Shamwari,” inodaro, “vashandi pamwe chete nesu, vanoda nyika; nyika yako iri munjodzi! Kune vavengi kumativi ose edu. Hapana pakati pedu nevavengi vedu kunze kwePacific Ocean neAtlantic Ocean. Ona zvakaitika kuBelgium. Funga zvakazoitika kuSerbia. Uchanyunyuta pamusoro pemihoro yakaderera apo nyika yako, rusununguko rwako, rwuri mungozi? Ndedzipi nhamo dzaunotsungirira zvichienzaniswa nekunyadziswa kwemauto eGerman anokunda anofamba nechikepe achikwidza neEast River? Rega kugunun'una, kubatikana uye gadzirira kudzivirira moto wako uye mureza wako. Torai hondo, torai mauto egungwa; gadzirira kusangana nevapambi sevanhu vakasununguka vane moyo yakatendeseka iwe.
Vashandi vachapinda mumusungo uyu here? Vachanyengedzwazve here? Ndinotya kudaro. Vanhu vagara vakasununguka kutaura nezvemhando iyi. Vashandi vanoziva kuti havana vavengi kunze kwevatenzi vavo. Vanoziva kuti mapepa avo ekuva vagari venyika haisi mvumo yekuzvichengetedza ivo kana vakadzi vavo nevana. Vanoziva kuti dikita rechokwadi, kushanda nesimba uye makore ekutambudzika zvinovaunzira chinhu chakakosha kubatirira, chakakodzera kurwira. Asi, mukati memoyo yavo ine upenzi vanotenda kuti vane nyika. Haiwa, muranda asina maturo!
Vakachenjera, kumusoro kwenzvimbo dzakakwirira vanoziva kuti vabati vanoita zvouduku noupenzi sei. Vanoziva kuti kana hurumende ikavapfekedza khaki yovapa pfuti yovatanga nebhandi rendarira uye vachivheyesa mireza, vachabuda kunorwira vavengi vavo vakashinga. Vanodzidziswa kuti varume vakashinga vanofira kukudzwa kwenyika yavo. Mutengo wakadini wekubhadhara kune imwe pfungwa-hupenyu hwemamiriyoni emajaya; mamwe mamiriyoni akaremara nokupofumadzwa kwoupenyu hwose; kuvapo kwakava kutyisa kune mamwezve mamiriyoni evanhu; kubudirira nenhaka yezvizvarwa zvakatsvaira nechinguva chidiki-uye hapana munhu ari nani pakutambudzika kwese! Ichi chibairo chinotyisa chingave chinonzwisisika kana chinhu chaunofira uye uchiti nyika yakadyiswa, yakapfekedzwa, inogara uye inodziya iwe, yakadzidza uye inokoshesa vana vako. Ndinofunga kuti vashandi ndivo vasina udyire kupfuura vana vevanhu; vanotamburira uye vanorarama uye vanofira nyika yevamwe vanhu, manzwiro evamwe vanhu, rusununguko rwevamwe vanhu uye mufaro wevamwe vanhu! Vashandi havana rusununguko rwavo pachavo; havana kusununguka kana vachimanikidzwa kushanda maawa gumi nemaviri kana gumi kana masere pazuva. havasunungurwi kana vachinge vabhadharwa nokuda kwekushanda kwavo kuneta. Havana kusununguka apo vana vavo vanofanira kushanda mumigodhi, zvigayo nemafekitari kana kufa nenzara, uye apo vakadzi vavo vangasundwa nourombo kuupenyu hunonyadzisa. Havana kusununguka kana vachinge varoverwa makumbo nekusungwa nekuti vanoramwa mabasa kuti vawedzerwe mari dzemihoro uye nekuda kwehutongi hwejekerere inova kodzero yavo sevanhu.
Hatina kusununguka kunze kwekunge varume vanogadzira nekuita mitemo vachimiririra zvido zvehupenyu hwevanhu uye hapana zvimwe zvinofarirwa. Bhoroti hariite munhu akasununguka kubva munhapwa yemuhoro. Hakusati kwambove nenyika yakasununguka uye ine demokrasi munyika. Kubva kare nakare varume vakatevera nokutendeka kwoupofu varume vakasimba vaiva nesimba remari nerehondo. Kunyange apo nhandare dzehondo dzakanga dzakazara nevafi vavo vamene vakarima minda yevatongi uye vakatorerwa zvibereko zvebasa ravo. Vakavaka mizinda nemapiramidhi, temberi nemacathedral zvakanga zvisina nzvimbo chaiyo yerusununguko.
Sezvo budiriro yakawedzera kuoma kunzwisisa vashandi vakawedzera kuva varanda, kutozosvikira nhasi vangoti pfuurei zvikamu zvemichina yavanoshandisa. Zuva nezuva vanotarisana nenjodzi dzenjanji, bhiriji, skyscraper, chitima chekutakura zvinhu, stokehold, stockyard, matanda raft uye min. Kufemereka uye kudzidziswa pachiteshi chezvikepe, munjanji uye pasi pevhu uye mumakungwa, vanofambisa motokari uye vanopfuura kubva kunyika vachienda kune imwe nyika zvinhu zvinokosha zvinoita kuti tikwanise kurarama. Uye mubayiro wavo chii? Mubayiro mushoma, kazhinji urombo, rendi, mutero, mutero uye muripo wehondo.
Rudzi rwekugadzirira kunoitwa nevashandi kuronga patsva uye kuvaka patsva kwehupenyu hwavo hwese, zvisina kumboyedzwa nevakuru vezvematongerwo enyika kana hurumende. MaJerimani akaziva makore apfuura kuti vaisakwanisa kusimudza masoja akanaka mudzimba dzezvitangwena saka vakabvisa zvitangwena. Vakaona kuti vanhu vose vaiva nezvinhu zvishomanana zvinokosha zvebudiriro—pokugara pakanaka, migwagwa yakachena, zvokudya zvine utano kana zvishoma, kurapwa kwakakodzera uye dziviriro dzakafanira dzevashandi mumabasa avo. Icho chinongova chikamu chiduku chezvinofanira kuitwa, asi zvinoshamisa sei kuti nhanho imwe kuenda kurudzi rwakafanira rwekugadzirira yakaunza kuGermany! Kwemwedzi gumi nemisere rakazvichengeta rimene risina kuvhozhokera richiri kurwisana nehondo yakawedzerwa yokukunda, uye mauto aro achiri kupfuurira nesimba risingaregi. Ibasa rako kumanikidza shanduko idzi paKutonga. Ngakushaikwezve kutaura pamusoro pezvinogona kana kusaita hurumende. Zvinhu zvose izvi zvakaitwa nenyika dzose dzine mhirizhonga mukukurumidzira kwehondo. Indasitiri yega yega yakakosha yakatungamirwa zvirinani nehurumende pane nemakambani akazvimirira.
Ibasa rako kuramba uchiomerera pane chimwe chiyero chakakura. Ibasa rako kuona kuti hapana mwana anoshandirwa munzvimbo dzeindasitiri kana mumugodhi kana muchitoro, uye kuti hapana mushandi ari kusangana netsaona kana chirwere zvisina basa. Ibasa rako kuita kuti vakupe maguta akachena, asina utsi, tsvina uye kuzara. Ibasa rako kuita kuti vakupe mari inorarama. Iri bhizinesi rako kuona kuti rudzi urwu rwekugadzirira runoendeswa mudhipatimendi rega rega munyika, kudzamara munhu wese awana mukana wekuzvarwa zvakanaka, kuchengetwa zvakanaka, akadzidza zvakafanira, akangwara uye anoshanda kune nyika nguva dzese.
Rambai zvisungo zvese nemirairo nemasangano anoenderera mberi nekuuraya runyararo uye kuuraya kwehondo. Rova hondo, nokuti pasina iwe hapana hondo inogona kurwiwa. Ramba uchipokana nekugadzira shrapnel uye mabhomba egasi uye zvimwe zvese zvekushandisa zvekuponda. Kurwisa kugadzirira zvinoreva rufu nenhamo kumamiriyoni evanhu. Musava mbeveve, varanda vanoteerera muhondo yokuparadza. Iva magamba muuto rekuvaka.
Kwakabva: Helen Keller: Makore ake eSocialist (International Publishers, 1967)
