Kunyarara Kunze kweAmerica Air War

Vakuru vehurumende vekuUnited States vakataura tsika dzisina kunaka apo mapurisa eRussia akauraya varwi muAlepp asi vakanyarara sezvo mapurisa eUnited States achiuraya vasina mhosva muMosul naRaqqa, anonyora Nicolas JS Davies.

NaNicolas JS Davies, Consortium News.

Aprili 2017 yaiva imwe mwedzi yekuurayiwa kwevanhu uye kusafungidzirwa kutya kwevanhu veMosul muIraq uye nzvimbo dzakapoteredza Raqqa neTabqa muSiriya, se chinonyanya kukosha, mhirizhonga yakanyanya kutungamirirwa neUnited States sezvo hondo yeAmerica muVietnam yakapinda mwedzi wayo we33rd.

The Airwars monitoring group yakagadzira mhinduro dze 1,280 kusvika ku1,744 vanhu vanogara akaurayiwa neavo 2,237 mabhomba uye zvombo iyo yakanaya kubva kuUS uye nendege dzehondo dzakabatana muna Kubvumbi (1,609 kuIraq uye 628 kuSyria). Vakakuvadzwa zvakanyanya vaive mukati nekukomberedza Old Mosul neWest Mosul, uko vanhu 784 kusvika 1,074 vakaurayiwa vachinzi vakaurayiwa, asi nzvimbo yakatenderedza Tabqa muSyria yakatamburawo zvakanyanya.

Mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzehondo, sezvandakatsanangura munyaya dzekare (pano uye pano), mhando ye "passive" mishumo yekufa kwevagari yakaunganidzwa neAirwars yakangotora pakati pe5 muzana uye makumi maviri muzana yeiyo chaiyo yevafi kufa kwehondo kwakaratidzwa nehunyanzvi hwekufa kwevanhu. Iraqbodycount, iyo yakashandisa nzira yakafanana neyaAirwars, yaingoverenga 20 muzana yevakafa vakawanikwa neyakafa kudzidza muinogara Iraq mu8.

Airwars inoita kunge iri kuunganidza mishumo yekufa kwevagari zvakanyanya kupfuura Iraqbodycount makore gumi nemana apfuura, asi inoronga huwandu hwayo se "vakakwikwidza" kana "vasina kushumwa," uye vanochengeta nemaune kuverenga kwayo. Semuenzaniso, mune dzimwe nguva, yakaverenga mishumo yenhau yemuno ye "kufa kwakawanda" sekufa kwerumwe chete, pasina huwandu hwakanyanya. Uku hakusi kukanganisa nzira dzeAirwars, asi kuona kukanganisika kwayo mukupa kune fungidziro chaiyo yekufa kwevanhu.

Kubvumira kududzirwa kwakasiyana siyana kwedata reAirwars, uye uchifungidzira kuti, sekuyedza kwakadaro munguva yakapfuura, iri kutora pakati pe5 muzana ne20 muzana yevakafa chaivo, fungidziro yakakomba yenhamba yevagari vakaurayiwa neUS-inotungamirwa nemabhomba bhomba kubvira 2014 yaizove pari zvino inofanira kunge iri pakati pe25,000 ne190,000.

Pentagon munguva pfupi yapfuura yakadzokorora fungidziro yayo yehukama hwehuwandu hwevagari vavakauraya muIraq neSyria kubvira 2014 kusvika 352. Icho chiri pasi pechina chechina chevane chiuru nemakumi mana nevatanhatu avo Airwars yakazivisa nemazita.

Airwars akaunganidza zvakare mishumo yevanhu vanourayiwa neavo Russian bombing muSiria, iyo yakawanda kwazvo mitsva yaro yevanhu vanourawa neAmerica inotungamirirwa neBomber kune vazhinji ve2016. Zvisinei, sezvo mabhomba akatungamirirwa neUnited States akawedzera kusvika 10,918 mabhomba uye zvombo yakakundwa mumwedzi mitatu yekutanga ye2017, iyo yakanyanya kuputika bombardment kubvira pakatanga mushandirapamwe mu2014, nhoroondo dzeAviwars dzevanhu vanourawa neAmerica-vakatungamirirwa nebhomba dzakapfuura nhoroondo dzekufa kubva kuRussia bhomba.

Nemhaka yezvakasiyana-siyana zveAllwright's report, iyo nzira inogona kana kuti isingarati yakanyatsoratidza kana US kana kuti Russia yakanyatsouraya vanhu vakawanda mune imwe nguva yenguva idzi. Pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kuchinja izvo.

Semuenzaniso, hurumende dzekuMadokero nemasangano akazvimiririra akatsigira nemari maWhite Helmet nemamwe mapoka anomhan'ara vanhu vakaurayiwa zvakakonzerwa nekubhombwa neRussia, asi hapana rutsigiro rwakaenzana rwekuMadokero rwekuzivisa vanhu vakaurayiwa kubva munzvimbo dzeIslamic State dzakachengetedzwa neUS vanobatana navo vari kubhomba. Kana kumhan'ara kweAirwars kuri kutora chikamu chakakura chekufa chaiko mune imwe nharaunda kupfuura imwe nekuda kwezvinhu zvakaita seizvi, zvinogona kutungamira mukusiyana kwehuwandu hwevakafa vakafa vasingaratidze mutsauko mukufa chaiko.

Kuvhunduka, Kutya… uye Kunyarara

Kuisa iyo 79,000 mabhomba uye zvombo iyo iyo US uye vashandi varo vakabvumira Iraq neSiria kubva ku2014 mumaonero, zvakakodzera kufungidzira kumashure kwe "mazuva asina mhosva" emazuva okuti "Kutya uye Kutya" muna March 2003. As NPR mutori wenhau Sandy Tolan yakataurwa muna 2003, mumwe wevakagadzira zvemushandirapamwe akafanotaura kudonha uku 29,200 mabhomba uye zvombo iri muIraq yaizove, "iyo isiri yenyukireya yakaenzana nemigumisiro iyo zvombo zveatomu zvakaderera paHiroshima neNagasaki zvaiva neJapan."

Apo "Kutya nekutya" kwakasunungurwa kuIraq mu2003, iyo yakatonga nyaya yose pasi rose. Asi mushure memakore masere "Akafukidzirwa, akanyarara, asingasviki-vega" hondo pasi paMutungamiri Obama, vezvenhau veUnited States havatombobata kuurawa kwezuva nezuva kubva kune iyi inorema, uye yakasimba bhomba reIraq neSyria senhau Ivo vanofukidza imwechete yekuuraya zviitiko kwemazuva mashoma, asi nekukurumidza vanotangazve zvakajairwa "Trump Show" programming.

Sezvakaita kuGeorge Orwell's 1984, veruzhinji vanoziva kuti mauto edu ari kurwa nemumwe munhu kumwe kunhu, asi iwo manyorerwo akaitwa. "Icho chichiri chinhu here?" "Ko North Korea haisi nyaya hombe manje?"

Iko hakuna kuita gakava rezvematongerwo enyika muUS pamusoro pekodzero nezvakaipa zveUS yekubhomba mushandirapamwe muIraq neSyria. Usambofungisisa kuti kubhomba Siria pasina mvumo kubva kuhurumende yayo inozivikanwa pasi rese imhosva yechisimba uye kutyora kwe UN Charter. Iko kusununguka kweUnited States kutyora UN Charter pakuda kwave kutove nezvematongerwo enyika (kwete zviri pamutemo!) Yakagadziriswa nemakore gumi nemanomwe echisimba, kubva ku kuputika kweYugoslaviamuna 1999 kusvika kumashure e Afuganisitani uye Iraki, kuti drone inorwa muPakistan uye Yemen.

Saka ndiani achatsigira Gwaro iri zvino kudzivirira vagari muSiria, avo vatotarisana nechisimba uye rufu kubva kumativi ose muhondo yehupfumi nehuwandu hwehondo, umo US ainge atove deeply complicit zvakanaka isati yatanga kubhomba Siria muna 2014?

Mukutaura kwemurairo weUnited States, mitemo mitatu yakatevera yeUnited States inotaura kuti chisimba chavo chisingazivikanwi chinoruramisirwa zviri pamutemo ne Mvumo yeKushandiswa kweGondo reMasoja yakapasiswa neUS Congress muna 2001. Asi ichitsvaira zvayakanga iri, bhiri iri rakangoti,

"Kuti Mutungamiri ane kodzero yekushandisa simba rose rakakodzera uye rakakodzera kumarudzi iwayo, masangano, kana vanhu vaanoronga kurongeka, kugamuchirwa, kugadziriswa kana kubatsirana kurwiswa kwegandanga kwakaitika musi waSeptember 11th, 2001, kana kusangana nemasangano akadaro kana vanhu, kuitira kudzivisa chero ramangwana rezvemhirizhonga pasi rose neUnited States nemarudzi, masangano kana vanhu.

Vangani vezviuru zvevagari vemo vakaurayiwa neUS muMosul mumwedzi mishoma yapfuura vakatamba chinzvimbo chakadai pakurwisa kwemagandanga kwaGunyana 11? Wese munhu ari kuverenga izvi anoziva mhinduro kumubvunzo uyu: pamwe hapana kana mumwe wavo. Kana mumwe wavo aibatanidzwa, zvaizoitika netsaona.

Chero mutongi asingasaruri angaramba chirevo chekuti mutemo uyu wakabvumidza makore gumi nematanhatu ehondo munyika dzinosvika sere, kupidigurwa kwehurumende dzisina chekuita ne16 / 9, kuurayiwa kwevanhu vangangoita mamirioni maviri uye kugadzikana kwenyika nenyika - sechokwadi sekutongwa kwakaitwa vatongi kuNuremberg Zvitongwa zveGermany ' kuti vakapinda muPoland, Norway neU.SR kudzivirira kana "kuregeredza" kurwisana kwakanyanya kweGermany.

Vakuru vakuru veUnited States vanogona kutaura kuti 2002 Irak AUMF inogonesa kubhombwa kweMosul. Mutemo iwoyo unoreva nyika imwechete. Asi ichiri pamusoro pemabhuku, pasi rose rakaziva mukati memwedzi yakati yapfuura kuti rakashandisa nzvimbo dzenhema uye manyepo chaiwo kupa chikonzero chekubvisa hurumende yakaparadzwa neUS kubva ipapo.

Hondo yeUnited States muIraq yakagumiswa zvakasununguka nekubviswa kwemauto ekupedzisira eUnited States mu2011. IAUMF haina uye yakanga isingakwanisi kubvumira kushamwaridzana nehurumende itsva muIraq 14 makore gare gare kurwisa rimwe remaguta aro nekuuraya zviuru zvevanhu varo.

Akabatwa muIndaneti Yehondo Maparapanda

Isu hatinyatso kuziva kuti chii hondo? Izvo zvave zvakareba kubva maAmerican akaona hondo pavhu redu chairo? Zvichida. Asi sekutenda kure sekunge hondo ingave kubva kune mazhinji ehupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva, hatigone kunyepedzera kuti hatizive kuti chii kana chii chinotyisa chainounza.

Mwedzi uno, shamwari mbiri neni takashanyira hofisi yedu yeCongresswoman inomiririra vekwedu Peace Action vanobatana, Rugare Ruramisiro Sustainability Florida, kumubvunza kuti cosponsor mutemo unorambidza shanduro ye nyukliya yekutanga; kubvisa 2001 AUMF; kuvhota kurwisana nebhajheti yehondo; kuti aparadze mari yekuendesa mauto eUnited States kuSiriya; uye kutsigira diplomacy, kwete hondo, neNorth Korea.

Imwe shamwari yangu payakatsanangura kuti akarwa kuVietnam ndokutanga kutaura nezve izvo zvaakaona ipapo, aifanira kumira kuti arege kuchema. Asi mushandi aisada kuti aenderere mberi. Aiziva zvaaitaura nezvazvo. Isu tese tinoita.

Asi kana isu tese tichifanira kuona vakafa uye vakakuvadzwa vana munyama tisati tagona kutyisa kwehondo uye kutora matanho akakomba kuimisa uye kuidzivirira, ipapo tinotarisana neramangwana rakasviba uye reropa. Sezvo shamwari yangu uye vakawandisa saiye vakadzidza pamutengo usingaverengeke, nguva yakanakisa yekumisa hondo isati yatanga, uye chidzidzo chikuru chekudzidza kubva kuhondo dzese ndechekuti: "Usazomboitazve!"

Vaviri Barack Obama naDonald Trump vakakunda husachigaro chikamu nekuzviratidza ivo se "rugare" musarudzo. Ichi chaive chinhu chakanyatso kuverengerwa uye chakatemerwa chinhu mumisangano yavo yese, zvichipiwa pro-war zvinyorwa zvevadzivisi vavo vakuru, John McCain na Hillary Clinton. Ruzhinji rweAmerican ruvengo kuhondo chinhu icho mutungamiriri wese weUS uye wezvematongerwo enyika anofanira kubata nacho, uye kuvimbisa rugare pamberi achitinyorera muhondo iyo tsika yezvematongerwe enyika yeAmerica inodzokera kuna Woodrow Wilson naFranklin Roosevelt.

Sa Reichsmarschall Hermann Goering akabvuma kumudzidzi wezvemapurisa weAmerica Gustave Gilbert ari muchitokisi chake muNuremberg, "Nenzira, vanhuwo zvavo havadi kurwa; kwete muRussia kana muEngland kana muAmerica, uye kwete nyaya iyo muGermany. Izvozvo zvinonzwisiswa. Asi, shure kwezvose, ndivo vatungamiri venyika vanoona sarudzo uye nguva dzose inongova chinhu chinongova nyore kukwevera vanhu pamwe chete, kana iri demokarasi kana hutongi hwechisimba kana Paramende kana hutongi hweKomonisiti. "

"Kune kusiyana kwakasiyana," Gilbert akasimbisa, "Mukuda kwehurumende, vanhu vane zvimwe zvataurwa munyaya yacho kuburikidza nevamiriri vavo vakasarudzwa, uye muUnited States chete Congress inogona kuzivisa hondo."

Goering yakanga isingafadzi Madison's uye Hamiltoninochengetedzwa bumbiro remitemo. "Ah, izvo zvese zvakanaka uye zvakanaka," akapindura, "asi, kana izwi kana kwete izwi, vanhu vanogona kugara vachiunzwa kubhidha yevatungamiriri. Izvo zviri nyore. Zvese iwe zvunofanirwa kuita kuvaudza kuti ivo vari kurwiswa uye kupomera pacifists nekuda kwekushaiwa nyika yako uye kuisa nyika panjodzi. Inoshanda zvakafanana munyika ipi neipi. ”

Kuzvipira kwedu kurunyararo uye kuvenga kwedu hondo zvakanyanyisa kukanganiswa nemaitiro ari nyore asi asingachina nguva Goering akatsanangurwa. MuUS nhasi, ivo vanowedzeredzwa nezvimwe zvinoverengeka zvimwe zvinhu, zvizhinji zvacho zvaive zvakafanana muHondo Yenyika II Germany:

-Mass Midhiya inodzvinyirira kuziva veruzhinji yezvinodiwa zvevanhu zvehondo, kunyanya kana mutemo weUnited States kana masimba eU.America ane mhosva.

-A media blackout pamanzwi echikonzero vanotsigira mamwe marongero anoenderana nerunyararo, kudyidzana kana kutonga kwemutemo wepasi rese.

-Kunyarara kunotevera pamusoro pezvimwe zvinongororwa, vezvematongerwo enyika uye zvinyorwa zvino "Kuita chimwe chinhu," zvinoreva hondo, sezvinongova nzira imwe chete kune yakasvibirira uswa we "usingaiti chinhu."

-Kutenderera kwehondo kuburikidza nekunyengera nekunyengedza, kunyanya nemasikirwo evanhu akaonekwa sevakavimbika, saizvozvowo Mutungamiri Obama.

-Kuvimbika kwevezvematongerwo enyika vanofambira mberi nemasangano pamari kubva kumasangano evashandi ayo ave vadiki vadiki muchiuto maindasitiri.

-Kurongedzwa kwezvematongerwo enyika kukakavadzana kweUS nedzimwe nyika sekukonzeresa kwezviito nerumwe divi, uye dhimoni revatungamiriri vekunze kuti vateedzere nekukurudzira idzi nhoroondo dzenhema.

-Kunyengedza kuti basa reUnited States mumakungwa kwemahombekombe uye basa rose rekuita zvehondo rinobva kune chinangwa chakanaka chido chekubatsira vanhu, kwete kubva kuAmerica vavariro uye mabhizinesi.

Zvakatorwa zvachose, izvi zvinoenderana nehurongwa hwehondo yekuparadzira, umo misoro yeterevhizheni inotakura chikamu chekukonzera hutsinye hunotevera pamwe nevatungamiriri vezvematongerwo enyika nevemauto. Kudzinga vakuru vakuru pamudyandigere kuti vabhombe kumberi kwepamba neiyo eaphemistic jargon, vasina kuzivisa ari hefty vatungamiri 'uye varairidzi' mari ivo vanounganidza kubva kune vagadziri vezvombo, irwo chete divi remari iyi.

Izvo zvakakosha zvakafanana-futi-ndezvekukundikana kwevhidhiyo kukwanisa kuvhara hondo kana kuti US inobatanidzwa mukati mavo, uye kurongeka kwavo kwakagadziriswa kwevose vanoratidzira kune chero chimiro kana chepamutemo chepamutemo neAmerica hondo.

Papa uye Gorbachev

Papa Francis munguva pfupi yapfuura yakaratidza kuti wechitatu anokwanisa kushanda semurevereri kubatsira kugadzirisa gakava remunyika yedu rinoda kusvika makore makumi manomwe neNorth Korea. Papa vakakurudzira Norway. Zvinotonyanya kukosha, Pope akaronga dambudziko iri segakava pakati peUnited States neNorth Korea, kwete, sezvinoita vakuru vakuru veUS, seNorth Korea ichimutsa dambudziko kana kutyisidzira pasi rese.

Aya ndiwo mashandiro anoita dhipatimendi zvakanyanya, nekuratidza nemazvo uye nekuvimbika mabasa arikuitwa nemapato akasiyana mukukakavara kana gakava, uyezve kushanda kugadzirisa kusawirirana kwavo uye zvinopesana nenzira nenzira iyo mativi ese anogona kugara nayo kana kubatsirwa nayo. Iyo JCPOA yakagadzirisa gakava reUS neIran pamusoro pehurongwa hwayo hwenyukireya muenzaniso wakanaka wekuti izvi zvingashande sei.

Iko rudzi rwemakwikwi chaiwo ruri kurema kubva kune brinksmanship, kutyisidzira uye mubatanidzwa une hukasha wakazvimiririra sedhipatimendi pasi pechiteedzana nevatungamiriri veUS nevanyori venyika kubvira Truman naAcheson, kunze kwekushoma. Chido chinoramba chiripo chevakawanda veUS vezvematongerwo enyika kirasi ku kuderedza JCPOA pamwe neIran chiyero chekuti vakuru veUnited States vanganamatira sei kushandiswa kwekutyisidzika uye kushungurudzika uye vakagumburwa kuti "zvisingaiti" United States inofanira kuburuka kubva phiza yayo yakakwirira uye inotaurirana nekutenda kune dzimwe nyika.

Padzidziso yezvinangwa izvi zvine ngozi, semunyori wenhau dzakaitika William Williammanman Williams akanyora mukati Dambudziko reAmerican Diplomacy muna 1959, pane mirage yemasimba epamusoro emauto ayo akanyengera vatungamiriri veUS mushure mekukunda kwakabatana muPiri Hondo Yenyika uye nekugadzirwa kwezvombo zvenyukireya. Mushure mekumhanya nemusoro muchokwadi cheiyo risingakundike post-colonial nyika muVietnam, ichi Chiroto cheAmerica chesimba rekupedzisira chakapera zvishoma, kungozvarwa patsva nekutsiva mushure mekupera kweCold War.

Kunyangwe kukundwa kwaro muHondo Yenyika Yekutanga kwanga kusiri kuita danho rakaringana kugonesa Germany kuti zvido zvemauto zvaparadzwa, chizvarwa chitsva chevatungamiriri veUS chakaona kupera kweCold War semukana wavo "Kukanda Vietnam syndrome" uye kumutsidzira America nhamo yakaipa yekuti "Full spectrum dominance."

Sezvo Mikhail Gorbachev akachema mutauro muBerlin musi weC25th wemakore ekuputsika kweGuta reBerlin mu2014, "West, uye kunyanya United States, yakaratidza kukunda muCold War. Euphoria uye kukunda zvakaenda kuvakuru vevatungamiri vekuMadokero. Kushandisa rusununguko rweRussia nekushaiwa kwekudzivirira, vakareva hutungamiri hwekutonga uye kutonga kwenyika, vachiramba kuteerera mazwi ekuchenjerera kubva kune vazhinji veavo varipo pano. "

Iyi post-Cold Hondo kukunda kwakatungamira kwakatitungamira mune yakatowanda mame yekunyengera, tsaona nenjodzi kupfuura iyo Hondo Yemashoko pachayo. Hupenzi hwevatungamiriri vedu 'husinga gutsikane zvishuwo uye zvekutamba zvevazhinji nekutsakatika kwakawanda zvinoratidzwa zvakanyanya neBulletin yeAtomic Scientists' Doomsday Clock, uyo ane maoko akamirazve maviri nehafu mudiki pakati peusiku.

Kukundikana kwehondo yakakosha kupfuura dzose yakambosangana kuti ikunde zvishoma-zvombo zvekudzivirira masimba munyika dzakasiyana-siyana, kana kuti kudzorera kugadzikana kune imwe yenyika dzave dzakaparadza, hazvina kumira simba remuzinda weSouth mauto-machinda pamusoro pematongerwe enyika edu masangano uye zvatinowana munyika. Kunyange mamiriyoni evanhu vakafa, mashiriyoni emadhora akaparara, kana kukanganisa kusinganzwisisiki pachavo kwakagadzirisa kupararira kwepfungwa uye kuwedzera kwe "hondo yepasi pose inotyisa."

Futurist mhirizhonga kana irobhoti yekombiki uye njere dzekugadzira zuva rimwe zuva zvichatungamirira kune nyika umo mabhoti ane simba anogona kutanga hondo yekuita varanda uye kuparadza rudzi rwevanhu, zvichida kunyange kuisa vanhu sezvikamu zvemichina ichaunza kuparadzwa kwedu. MuUnited States mauto nemauto emabhizimisi ehurumende, tatove takasika zvakadai semhando-yevanhu, se-teknolojia yemhuka iyo isingaregi kuputira bhomba, kuuraya nekuparadza kunze kwekuti uye isu tisati tisiye mumakwara ayo uye tiiputse?

Nicolas JS Davies ndiye munyori we Ropa Pamusoro Pedu Maoko: IAmerica Inopinda uye Kuparadza kweIraq. Akanyorawo zvitsauko pamusoro pa "Obama paHondo" muGrading the 44th President: a Report Card paBarack Obama Yekutanga Nguva seMutungamiri Anofambira Mberi..