SHINGA: Kutanga Kwehondo, Kupera Kwehondo

 naJudith Hand

Summary uye Mazano akaitwa

Russ Faure-Brac

2/4/2014

Notes:

1) Ichi chidimbu cheChikamu II - Maitiro Atinogona Kugumisa Hondo

2) Manotsi akasimbiswa mutsvuku anoreva zvikamu zvebhuku rangu Kuchinja kune Rugare izvo zvakaenzana nematombo emakona aJudith.

Chitsauko 10 - Makona emakona eMushandirapamwe Wokupedza Hondo

1. Gamuchirai Chinangwa (Ratidzai Rugare, pg. 92)

• Paridza ruzivo runogumisa hondo inobvira nenzira iyo vanhu vachabvhota, kupa mari uye nguva, kubhadhara mitero, zvichida kuisa mutirongo, kujeri kana hupenyu hwavo kugumisa.

1. Ipai kuchengeteka uye Mutemo (Mazano eRugare, pg. 41)

• Deredza kodzero yehurumende yekuita hondo, zvinoreva kuti hapana mauto ehondo enyika. Simba rezvematongerwo enyika rinofanira kunge rakapiwa mune rimwe rudzi rwekurwisana nerunyararo rinokonzerwa nehutongi hwepasi pose hwakafanana neUUN (hunosimbiswa uye husimbiswa, husingatsiviwa)
• Marudzi ari kushanda kuti apedze hondo inoda kuchengetedza miganhu yavo, kuchengetedza zvivako zvavo, kuchengetedza hurumende yevanhu, uye kutanga kuchengetedza hondo yakakwana yekudzivirira kune imwe nhengo inofunga nezvehondo inogona kuparadza nyika yose.
• Rega kushandisa mari isingagadziki seStart Wars, maitiro asingakoshi sezvakaitwa neU.S. Marine Expeditionary Fighting Vehicle (EFV) uye zvombo zvisingaenzaniswi se robot varwi.
• Ipa rubatsiro rwakakwana [rubatsiro] rubatsiro kune nyika dzakabatanidzwa muhondo kuitira kuti vatongi vavo vehondo kana vatongi vehondo varambe vasingakwanisi kuzviramba (zvakanyanya kubatsira iyo zvakaoma kuramba).
• Mitero yemitero yezvidziviriro inofanira kuenzaniswa nekubhadhara mari yehurumende yehurumende yezvirongwa zvekubatsira uye zvirongwa zvekudzidzisa zvinokurudzira rugare.
• Gadzira Dhipatimendi Rorugare pamwe chete nemari uye nzvimbo iyo seMatunhu (Defense) Dhipatimendi (Ita Dhipatimendi Rorugare, pg. 45).
• Kutya nhare yehondo kuburikidza nekuisa kunze kwehurumende vezvematongerwe enyika vanomiririra zvinodiwa nevakambani vezvidziviriro uye vanoparadza makambani iwayo.

1. Iva nechokwadi chezvinhu zvakakosha Zvidzidzo (Ita Global Marshall Plan, p. 47)

• Kana vanhu vasina zvido zvekudya, mvura uye pokugara, vachaita chero zvavanokwanisa, kusanganisira kurwa, kuti vawane.
• Isu takapararira mu "nyika isina chinhu." Iye zvino takatarisana ne "nyika yakazara" yakachinjwa.
• Panzvimbo pokuwanda kwehupfumi hwenyika yose, vanhu iye zvino vari kutarisa kukosha kwekuzvivimba (Mutungamiri weChirungu, p. 72).
• Kushandurwa kwenyika yekushanduka kwemamiriro okunze kunokosha kusvika pakuve nekuwana zvinhu zvinokosha Kana tikasaita chinhu, isu tichatarisana nekudengenyeka kwehutano mukutarisana nehupfumi, zvemagariro evanhu uye zvepanyama. Kana kuti zvimwe zvichaburitsa zvakanakisisa kwatiri apo isu tichirarama kuburikidza nekushandira pamwe pane kurwisana.
• Hatigoni kuramba tichibereka vanhu vakawanda vane hupenyu hurefu kwenguva refu. Kugumisa hondo nhamba dzedu dzinofanira kuchengetedzwa zvakaenzana nemari yedu yepanyama.
• Izvo zvakakosha kumushandirapamwe wekuziva kuti vanhu vanofara vanozeza kuenda kuhondo ivo pachavo kana kutumira vadikani muhondo. Kugumisa hondo zvachose, tinofanira kutendesa kuti zvinhu zvinokosha, kwete hupfumi hwakawanda, kusvika kune vagari venyika yose munzira dzinokurudzira vanhu vepakati. (kureva kudiwa kwechimwe chinhu chakafanana neGlobal Marshall Plan)

1. Kukurudzira kusagadzikana kwekusagadzirisa kukakavadzana (Nonviolence, p. 25)

• Kukonana kuratidzwa kwechikamu chinoshungurudza chehupenyu hwedu. Tinoda motokari yedu ine utsinye asi haifaniri kutitungamirira kuhondo.
• Mitemo yemitemo inogona kuchinja, seuranda, kupisa padanda uye kutema nematombo. Hapana chinotitadzisa kuchinja kana tikasarudza.
• Nzira yakanyanyogadzirisa-kugadzira pamusoro penguva refu inonzi "Tit-to-tat uye kukanganwirwa" mune vatambi:
  • Shandisa imwe nzira yekukunda-win solution kana zvichibvira
  • Nunurai kurangwa nokukurumidza kune vanokanganisa
  • Kanganwirai apo vanokanganisa vanoita
  • Tinofanira kuita magamba uye nekupemberera vanhu vasiri vese vakaita saMel Duncan naDavid Hartsough, Jody Williams nevarongeri veGround Zero.

1. Paradzira Mature Liberal Democracy (Inogona Kuita Shanduko Nzira, peji 80; Dudzirazve Kubudirira uye Mufaro - Pfungwa 5, peji 90; Zvikonzero zvetarisiro, peji 95)

• Dememocracy inopesana simba; saka kuparadzira democracy kunobatsira kune nyika isina hondo.
• Rimwe Rerusununguko Rune Rusununguko runodiwa, kusanganisira mutemo wemutemo wakachengetedzwa nemutemo, sarudzo dzakasununguka uye dzisingasaruri, kuparadzanisa kereke nehurumende, kuenzana kwevose pasi pemutemo, rusununguko rwekutaura, kuchengetedzwa kwekodzero yemiti uye kubatana kwakakwana kwevakadzi mumasangano ekutonga .
• Kwete-demokrasi haafaniri kuchinja. Vanogona kuva vashandi pamwe chete apo hutungamiri hwavo hunoona kuti rugare rucharamba ruchiita simba.
• Sangano rekubatana runyararo risiri runyararo rinogona kushandisa marashiro ekutengeserana uye rubatsiro uye tsvimbo dzepasi rose runyararo simba, boycotts uye zvigadziro kuita hondo isingadiwi.

1. Simba Vakadzi (Basa reGender, pg. 74)

• Simba rezvekudzimwa kwevanhu kudzvinyiririrwa mune vanhu vema-alpha-alpha raizosimbiswa zvikuru nekuwedzerwa kwevakadzi vakawanda sevasarudzo.
• Varume / vakadzi kubatana kunokosha nokuti varume vanoda kugamuchira shanduko uye vakadzi vanosarudza kudzivisa kusagadzikana kwevanhu. Tichada mweya wechipfu-mweya unhu hwevanhu vakatsamwa nemafungiro e-let---pamwe-pamwe nemafungiro evakadzi.

1. Foster Connectedness (Ita Gungano, pg. 91)

• Kushamwaridzana kumhuri, mharaunda uye nyika ndeyokugara kwenguva refu kwehutano hwevanhu.
• Vakaropafadzwa uye vanogutsikana varume nevakadzi havakwanisi kuva magandanga.
• Apo hondo yapera, kugadzikana kwemangwana kunoenderana nekuporesa nekuyananisa.
• Chitendero chinokurudzira kushamwaridzana apo chinodzidzisa kuti hondo kune rimwe boka haifaniri kutongerwa.
• Kuwirirana nechisikigo kunogonawo kuunza mufaro.

1. Kushambadzira Kwatinoona Zvinhu (Kuderedza Kudzivirira Kudhinda, p. 58)

• Gross National Happiness ndiyo yakanaka yehupenyu hwevanhu.
• Kushandura kwezvinhu zvoupfumi mberi kwekuzvidzivirira kunounza kukunda / kukunda mugumisiro nokuti vanhu vanoshanda nenzira dzakanaka uye vashandi vanoita purogiramu pamagadziro anovaka, kana zvichibvira pamigumo inoguma hondo.
• Chinangwa hachisi chokuisa munhu kunze kwebhizimisi, asi mhizha yehondo inoda kudzorera zvakare.
• Kune vose kunze kwemakambani ehondo, hondo inowanzoipa kune bhizinesi. Kukanganwa makambani emarudzi akawanda anogona kuva hukama hukuru hwehukama.

1. Bvunza Vaduku Varume (Ita Peace Force, pg. 49; The Allure of Violence, pg. 84)

• Nguva yemberi isina hondo icharamba ichipa basa rinogutsa kune hukama husingatenderi nekuuraya vamwe vanhu. Tine chido chekuteerera mitemo, vashandi vekuponesa kune dzimwe nguva uye matambudziko ekutsvakurudza. Tinokwanisa kuchengetedza majaya edu achitora kuburikidza nekupura mapurisa uye anoda kana basa revanhu vachizvidira mushure mechikoro chesekondari. Ita kuti hurumende inakidze zvikuru uye "inononoka."

Chitsauko 11 - Tariro

1. Kune zvikonzero zvetariro:

• Kune dzimwe nyika dzakanyanyisa dzakaramba kushora kwehondo.
• Nenguva yedu munhoroondo yakagadzirira kuita chimwe chimiro chechimiro chechimiro, icho chinosiya hondo shure.
• Kune mienzaniso yekare uye yemazuva ekukurumidza kushanduka kwevanhu.

1. Chimiro cheMinoan chiri pachitsuwa cheKrete chakanga chisiri chechivi uye chisina hondo nokuti chaiva ne:

• Kudzivirirwa kubva kumagandanga, kuva chiwi
• Zvinyorwa zvakabatsira kuzvigadzirisa
• Mutemo wepamutemo, wakasimba
• An ethos of nonviolence
• Simba revakadzi rakasimba
• Uwandu hwehuwandu hwevanhu husina kupfuura kudarika kwemichina

1. Dzimwe tsika mbiri dzekare dzakasvibirira, iyo Caral yePeru neHarappa yeIndus Valley, inogona kunge yakangofanana neMinoans mukudzivisa hondo.

1. Norwegians vari kuchinja kubva munhoroondo sehondo yehondo (Vikings). Mazuva ano pane maitiro anoramba achiitika ekuramba kurwisana senzira yekugadzirisa nharo.

1. Nenguva yedu munhoroondo yakagadzirirwa kuchinja kukuru kwakagadzirirwa pazviitiko zvitanhatu zvakatanga zvishoma makore 700 apfuura:

• Mazuva ekudzoka uye kuchinja
• Kuuya kwemazuva ano Scientific Method
• Dzokera kuDemocratic / Republican Government
• Vakadzi Vanowana Kodzero Yokuvhota
• Vakadzi Vanowana Kuwana Kugarwa Kwemhuri Kuvimbika
• Kuuya kweInternet

1. Isu tine hwindo rakamanikana remukana wekugumisa hondo yakapiwa zvityiso zvinotyisa zvinogona kukanganisa kushanda kwedu murugare.

1. Mienzaniso yezvino yekuchinja:

• Kune pfungwa inokura iyo inoshandiswa inodiwa uye kuti hondo haina kushandiswa.
• Nhamba inowedzera yevarume inoziva kukosha kwevakadzi.
• Mamiriro uye simba revakadzi mukuwedzera munyika yose.

Chitsauko 12 - Kutora Zvinhu zveChirongwa Pamwechete

1. Inguva yekuvigwa "pfungwa yehondo".

1. Tinofanira kuva maonero echokwadi pamusoro pezvipingamupinyi zvekubudirira, izvo zvishanu zvakakura ndezvi:

• Kutenda kwakapararira kunopedzisa hondo hakugoneki
• Mari inoitwa muhondo
• Kubwinya kwehondo
• Kukundikana kubvuma maitiro ehupenyu hwehondo
• Kunyanya kukoshesa kukosha kwakakosha kwevakadzi kuhukama hwehukama

1. Kupedza hondo kunoda zvose zvinovaka uye zvinoparadza zvirongwa. Kugadzirisa zvirongwa mabasa akanaka evanhu kugadzirira ramangwana rakashandurwa. Zvirongwa zvekudzivirira zvakadai sekusava nehanya kwevanhu mushure mekuteerera kana kuita zvakananga zvinodikanwa kuti kuve nekukurumidza kushanduka.
2. Zvinhu zvose zvekuvaka uye zvinoparadza zvirongwa zvinodiwa pakugadzira hurongwa hwokugadzira kupera kwehondo. Zvinhu zvina zvakakosha zvepurogiramu yake yakarongwa inonzi FACE (For All Children Everywhere) ndeyi:

• Chinangwa chakagoverwa
• Nzira yakabatana yekubatana yakadai kushandiswa kwekusagadzikana kwevanhu vasina simba uye nemazana emararamiro akabudirira
• Nzira yeutungamiri nekubatanidza dzakadai se "kushandiswa kukuru kwekushandiswa" yakashandiswa kubudirira neInternational Campaign yekudzivirira Land Land (ICBL):
  • Kubatana kunoda kusingabatsiri
  • Nhengo dzinoita chero basa ripi zvaro rinovakodzera
  • Hakuchina hutongi hwepamusoro-pasi sarudzo
  • Dare rekubatanidza komiti iri duku: vashoma vanobhadhara vashandi uye vanozvipira
  • Kutanga nekutevera-plan chirongwa saka nyika yaizoona sangano rakasimba, rakabatana rakatsunga kugumisa hondo

1. CHIKOMWE chinogona kushanda kumanikidziro emakemikari ane simba pane dzimwe nzvimbo uye kushanda senhare, inoenderera mberi yekubatana nekukura. Zvinangwa zvinangwa zvingave:

• Achibudirira
• Tungamira mushandirapamwe zvikuru mberi uye
• Gadzira iyo inonyanya kukosha pasi rose.

1. CHIKAMU chichatsvaga kufambira mberi kwechifambiso, kupemberera kubudirira uye kupa hutano kuitira kuti kushanda kwebasa rose kubatane.

1. Mienzaniso yezvimwe zvinogona kutanga zvayo, maitiro anoenderera mberi, zvinogona kuitwa mune ramangwana uye zvinangwa zvekare-kwenguva:

• Kushungurudza UN kugadzirisa hondo-kugumisa kufunga tangi
• Dzivisa chero kuedza kuisa zvombo zvinokuvadza munzvimbo
• Anoda kubviswa kwezvombo zvenyukireya
• Kurudzira unilateral demilitarization
• Isa kuguma kushandisa drones sekutyisidzira, kuuraya zvombo
• Isai kutengesa maoko kumativi ose kunze kwebhizimisi
• Kufurira UN kuti ataure kuti hondo kune chero chikonzero haisi pamutemo

1. Panzvimbo pekuunganidza varume semuwandu wekutanga mutsara wevatori vechikamu, shandisai vakadzi sevatongi vekutanga. Varume vanosimbisa hurumende ikozvino vanotarisana uye vanotyisidzira vanaamai, vanasekuru, hanzvadzi nevanasikana.

1. Nzira dzechina dzekudzivisa kudzokera shure muhondo

• Sarudza vatungamiri nokuchenjera (tarisai kune vanochera)
• Sarudza ruzivo rwemunhu wako kana chitendero nekuchenjera
• Iva nehutano hwakakwana mukutonga
• Enda kune dzose zvidhori zvekona