naVijay Prashad, Vanhu Vanotumira, September 17, 2021
Mumwedzi waChikunguru naAugust mauto eRwanda akaendeswa kuMozambique, achifungidzirwa kurwisa magandanga eISIS. Nekudaro, kuseri kwemushandirapamwe uyu kufambisa kweFrance kunobatsira hofori yesimba inoshuvira kushandisa zviwanikwa gasi zviwanikwa, uye pamwe, imwe imba yekumashure inobata pamusoro penhoroondo.
Musi waChikunguru 9, hurumende yeRwanda akati kuti yakaendesa mauto chiuru kuMozambique kunorwa nevarwi veAl-Shabaab, avo vakanga vatora dunhu rekuchamhembe kweCabo Delgado. Kwapera mwedzi, muna Nyamavhuvhu 1,000, mauto eRwanda captured guta rechiteshi chengarava reMocímboa da Praia, uko kunze kwemahombekombe kunogara hukuru hwegasi yakasarudzika yakachengetwa nekambani yeFrance simba TotalEnergies SE uye US simba kambani ExxonMobil. Izvi zviitiko zvitsva mudunhu zvakatungamira kune weAfrican Development Bank Mutungamiri M. Akinwumi Adesina achizivisa muna Nyamavhuvhu 27 iyo TotalEnergies SE ichatangazve iyo Cabo Delgado yakanyoroveswa gasi chirongwa kupera kwa2022.
Varwi vanobva al-Shabaab (kana ISIS-Mozambique, seDhipatimendi reHurumende reUS anosarudza kuidaidza) haina kurwira kune wekupedzisira murume; vakanyangarika vachiyambuka muganhu vachipinda muTanzania kana mumisha yavo iri mukati menyika. Makambani emagetsi, panguva iyi, achakurumidza kutanga kudzorera mari yavo uye purofiti zvakanaka, nekuda kwechikamu chikuru kupindira kwemauto eRwanda.
Nei Rwanda yakapindira muMozambique munaChikunguru 2021 kudzivirira makambani maviri makuru emagetsi? Mhinduro yacho iri mune yakasarudzika yezviitiko zvakaitika mumwedzi mauto asati abva muKigali, guta guru reRwanda.
Mabhiriyoni akanamira pasi pemvura
Al-Shabaab varwi vakatanga kugadzira yavo maonekero muCabo Delgado muna Gumiguru 2017. Kwemakore matatu, boka rakatamba mutambo wekati-negonzo nemauto eMozambique pamberi kutora kudzora kweMocímboa da Praia muna Nyamavhuvhu 2020. Hapana nguva yakaita sekuti zvinoita kuti mauto eMozambique amise al-Shabaab uye vatendere TotalEnergies SE uye ExxonMobil kutanga mashandiro muRovuma Basin, kumahombekombe kuchamhembe kweMozambique, uko kune gasi rakakura munda waive Akawanikwa muna February 2010.
Ministry yeMukati meMozambique yaive nayo akaroorwa huwandu hwemamenenari senge Dyck Rokukurudzira Boka (Chamhembe Afrika), Frontier Services Boka (Hong Kong), uye iyo Wagner Group (Rashiya). Mukupera kwaNyamavhuvhu 2020, TotalEnergies SE uye hurumende yeMozambique vakasaina chibvumirano kugadzira boka rekuchengetedza rekubatana kudzivirira mari dzekambani kurwisa al-Shabaab. Hakuna nerimwe remapoka akashongedzerwa nezvombo akabudirira. Iko kudyara kwaive kwakanamatira pasi pemvura.
Panguva ino, Mutungamiri weMozambique, Filipe Nyusi, sekutaurwa kwandakaitwa nekwaMaputo, kuti TotalEnergies SE inogona kukumbira hurumende yeFrance kuti itumire boka rinobatsira kuchengetedza nzvimbo iyi. Iyi hurukuro yakaenderera kusvika muna 2021. Musi waNdira 18, 2021, Gurukota rezveDziviriro reFrance, Florence Parly nemumwe wake muPortugal, João Gomes Cravinho, vakataura parunhare, panguva iyo - iri Yakataurwa muMaputo-vakakurukura nezve mukana wekupindira kweWestern kuCabo Delgado. Pazuva iro, GeneralEnergies SE CEO Patrick Pouyanné akasangana neMutungamiri Nyusi nemakurukota ake ezvokudzivirira (Jaime Bessa Neto) uye zvemukati (Amade Miquidade) ku kukurukura mubatanidzwa "chirongwa chekuita kusimbisa kuchengetedzeka kwenzvimbo." Hapana chakauya nazvo. Hurumende yeFrance yakanga isingafarire kupindira kwakananga.
Mumwe mukuru mukuru muMaputo akandiudza kuti zvinotendwa zvakasimba muMozambique kuti Mutungamiri weFrance Emmanuel Macron akakurudzira mauto eRwanda, kwete mauto eFrance, kuti atumirwe kuchengetedza Cabo Delgado. Chokwadi, mauto eRwanda - akadzidziswa zvakanyanya, akashongedzerwa nezvakanaka nenyika dzekuMadokero, uye vakapihwa chirango chekuita kunze kwemiganhu yemutemo wepasi rose - varatidza kugona kwavo mukupindira kunoitwa muSouth Sudan neCentral African Republic.
Zvakawanikwa naKagame zvekupindira
Paul Kagame yavuze ko u Rwanda kuva 1994, wa mbere wari umuyobozi w'igihugu na Minisitiri w'Ikirengu, ariko kuva mu 2000 ari umuyobozi. Mukutonga kwaKagame, tsika dzehunhu dzakashorwa mukati menyika, nepo mauto eRwanda achishanda zvine utsinye muDemocratic Republic of the Congo. Chirevo che2010 UN Mapping Project nezve kutyorwa kwakanyanya kwekodzero dzevanhu muDemocratic Republic of the Congo akaratidza kuti mauto eRwanda akauraya "mazana ezviuru kana asiri mamirioni" evagari vemuCongo nevapoteri veRwanda pakati pa1993 na2003. Kagame akaramba chirevo cheUN, kuratidza kuti iyi dzidziso "yekuuraya vanhu zvakapetwa kaviri" yakaramba kuurayiwa kwevanhu muRwanda muna 1994. Akanga achida kuti vaFrench vabvume mhosva yekuparadza rudzi kwa1994 uye akatarisira kuti nyika dzepasi rose dzicherechedze kuurayiwa kumabvazuva kweCongo.
Musi waKurume 26, 2021, munyori wenhoroondo Vincent Duclert akaendesa 992-peji ripoti pamusoro pechinzvimbo cheFrance mukuuraya vanhu muRwanda. Chirevo ichi chinojekesa kuti France inofanirwa kubvuma - sekutaura kunoita Médecins Sans Frontières - "mutoro wakakura" wekuparadza rudzi. Asi chirevo hachitauri kuti nyika yeFrance yaive yakabatana mumhirizhonga. Duclert akaenda kuKigali musi waApril 9 kusvika Kurwira chirevo mumunhu kuna Kagame, uyo akati kuti kuburitswa kwemushumo "kunoratidza danho rakakosha kunzwisiso yakafanana yezvaiitika."
Musi waApril 19, hurumende yeRwanda yakaburitsa ripoti iyo yainge yatumirwa kubva kukambani yemutemo yeU.S. Levy Firestone Muse. Mushumo wenyaya iyi unotaura zvese. VaFrance havana kuramba mazwi akasimba mugwaro iri, ayo anoti France yakashongedzera génocidaires uye ndokuchimbidza kuvadzivirira kubva pakuongororwa kwenyika dzese. Macron, uyo ave achisemesa Bvuma Hutsinye hweFrance muhondo yerusununguko yeAlgeria, haina kupokana nhoroondo yaKagame. Uyu ndiwo mutengo waaida kubhadhara.
Izvo France inoda
Musi waApril 28, 2021, Mutungamiriri weMozambique Nyusi vakashanyira Kagame muRwanda. Nyusi Akaudzwa Vatapi venhau veMozambique kuti akauya kuzodzidza nezvekupindira kweRwanda muCentral African Republic nekuona kuda kweRwanda kubatsira Mozambique kuCabo Delgado.
Musi waMay 18, Macron raionekwa musangano wakaitirwa muParis, "uchitsvaga kusimudzira mari muAfrica pakati pehosha yeCOVID-19," iyo yakapindwa nemisoro yehurumende yakati wandei, vanosanganisira Kagame naNyusi, purezidhendi weAfrican Union (Moussa Faki Mahamat), mutungamiri wenyika African Development Bank (Akinwumi Adesina), mutungamiri weWest Africa Development Bank (Serge Ekué), uye maneja maneja weInternational Monetary Fund (Kristalina Georgieva). Buda kubva ku "mari yekushomeka" yaive pamusoro pe chinangwa, kunyangwe mumisangano yepachivande pakanga paine hurukuro pamusoro pekupindira kweRwanda muMozambique.
Kwapera vhiki, Macron akaenda kune kushanya kuRwanda neSouth Africa, kupedza mazuva maviri (Chivabvu 26 na27) muKigali. Akadzokorora zvakawonekwa zvakawandisa zveDuclert mushumo, vakauya pamwe ne100,000 COVID-19 vaccines kuenda kuRwanda (uko kungangoita zvikamu zvina kubva muzana zvevanhu vaive vagamuchira muyero wekutanga nenguva yekushanya kwake), uye vakapedza nguva vari voga vachitaura naKagame. Musi waMay 4, pamwe nemutungamiri weSouth Africa, VaCyril Ramaphosa, Macron Akataura nezveMozambique, ichiti France yainge yakagadzirira "kutora chikamu mumabasa epagungwa," asi yaizodzokera kuSouthern Africa Development Community (SADC) nekune mamwe masimba enharaunda. Iye haana kutaura nezveRwanda zvakananga.
Rwanda yakapinda muMozambique muna Chikunguru, yakatevera nemauto eSadc, ayo aisanganisira mauto eSouth Africa. France yakawana zvayaida: Simba rayo guru rinogona kudzorera mari yaro.
Ichi chinyorwa chakabudiswa Globetrotter.
Vijay Prashad inyanzvi yeIndia, mupepeti uye mutori wenhau. Ndiye wekunyora pamwe naye uye mukuru munyori kuGlobetrotter. Iye ndiye director we Tricontinental: Sisitimu Yekutsvaga Kwemagariro. Iye mukuru asiri mugari wevamwe pa Chongyang Institute for Financial Zvidzidzo, Renmin Yunivhesiti yeChina. Akanyora anopfuura makumi maviri emabhuku, kusanganisira Nyika Dzerima uye Marudzi Anotambura. Bhuku rake razvino nderekuti Washington Bullets, ine sumo yakaitwa naEvo Morales Ayma.
