Pedro Castillo achitaura pachiitiko chemushandirapamwe. Mufananidzo: AP
naMedea Benjamin naLeonardo Flores, CODEPINK, June 8, 2021
Ane muromo wakafara wemipendero wevaridzi nepenzura yemudzidzisi yakakwidziridzwa yakakwidziridzwa, Pedro Castillo wePeru anga achifamba munyika achikurudzira vavhoti kuti vauye kumashure kwekufona kwave kuchikurumidza panguva yedenda rinoparadza iri: "No más pobres en un país rico" - Kwete varombo vakawanda munyika yakapfuma. Mune cliffhanger yesarudzo ine hombe yedhorobha-yekumaruwa uye yekirasi kukamukana, zvinoita sekunge mudzidzisi wekumaruwa, murimi uye mutungamiriri wemubatanidzwa arikuda kuita nhoroondo nekukunda - nepasina muzana muzana - musimba-kurudyi musarudzo Keiko Fujimori, scion yenyika yezvematongerwo enyika "imba yeFujimori."
Fujimori ari kupokana nezvakabuda musarudzo, achiti kubiridzira kwakapararira. Mushandirapamwe wake wakangopa humbowo hwezvinhu zvisina kumira mushe, uye kusvika parizvino hapana chekuratidza vhoti yakasvibiswa. Nekudaro, anogona kukwikwidza mamwe mavhoti kunonoka mhedzisiro, uye zvakanyanya senge kuUS, kunyangwe kupomerwa kwekubiridzira neakarasikirwa mumiriri kuchakonzera kusagadzikana uye kusimudzira kusagadzikana munyika.
Kukunda kwaCastillo kuchange kuchishamisa kwete chete nekuti iye mudzidzisi wekuruboshwe uyo ari mwanakomana wevarimi vasina kudzidza uye mushandirapamwe wake wakanyanyisa kuparadzwa naFujimori, asi pakange paine kurwisa kwekuparidza kwakamurwisa kwakabata nhoroondo dzevanhu vePeru vepakati nepakati. Zvanga zviri zvakafanana kune zvakaitika munguva pfupi yapfuura kumumiriri anofambira mberi Andrés Arauz uyo akarasikirwa zvishoma nesarudzo dzeEcuador, asi akatonyanya. Grupo El Comercio, musangano wenhau uyo inodzora 80% emapepanhau ePeru, akatungamira mhosva yaipomerwa Castillo. Vakamupomera mhosva yekuve gandanga rine hukama neiyo Shining Path, boka remagandanga iro kupokana kwavo nehurumende pakati pa1980 na2002 kwakatungamira kumakumi ezviuru ezvakafa uye kwakasiya huwandu hwevanhu hwavhiringidzika. Kubatana kwaCastillo neiyo Shining Path chinongedzo: Kunyange mutungamiriri naSutep, mubatanidzwa wevashandi vedzidzo, Castillo anonzi anga aine hushamwari naMovadef, Movement for Amnesty uye Fundamental Rights, boka rinofungidzirwa kuti raive bato rezvematongerwo enyika Kupenya Nzira. Muzvokwadi, Castillo pachake yaive rondero apo kumukira kwacho kwaive kuchinyanya kushanda. MaRondo aive mapoka evarombo ekuzvidzivirira aidzivirira nharaunda dzawo kubva kumagandanga uye vachiramba vachipa chengetedzo kubva kumatsotsi nemhirizhonga.
Vhiki mbiri sarudzo dzisati dzaitwa, musi waMay 23, vanhu gumi nevasere vakaurayiwa mutaundi rekumaruwa rePeruvia reSan Miguel del Ene. Hurumende nekukasika zvinoratidzwa kurwiswa kwezvasara zveiyo Shining Path inobatanidzwa mukutengesa zvinodhaka, kunyangwe pasina boka rakatora mutoro parizvino. Vezvenhau vakabatanidza kurwisa uku naCastillo nemushandirapamwe wake, vachiwedzera kutya mhirizhonga kana akahwina chigaro chemutungamiri wenyika. Castillo akashora kurwiswa uku uye akayeuchidza vanhu vekuPeru kuti kuuraya kwakafanana kwakaitika mukumhanyira ku Sarudzo dza2011 na2016. Kune rake divi, Fujimori Yakataurwa Castillo aibatanidzwa nekuuraya.
Mapepanhau ePeruvia anoparadzira kutya nezveCastillo. Mifananidzo naMarco Teruggi, @Marco_Teruggi
Panyaya yezvehupfumi, Castillo akapomerwa mhosva yekuve mukominisiti anoda kuumba maindasitiri akakosha, uye aizochinja Peru ive "hudzvanyiriri hune hutsinye”Kufanana neVenezuela. Mabhodhi akateedzana nemugwagwa mukuru weLima wakabvunza vanhu kuti: "Mungada here kugara kuCuba kana Venezuela?" achireva kukunda kwaCastillo. Sezvinoonekwa mumifananidzo iri pamusoro, mapepanhau akabatanidza mushandirapamwe waCastillo nekudzikisira kwemari yePeruvia uye akayambira kuti kukunda kwaCastillo kunokuvadza vePeruvia vanowana mari shoma nekuti mabhizinesi aigona kuvhara kana kuenda mhiri kwemakungwa. Nguva nenguva, mushandirapamwe weCastillo une chinotsanangurwa kuti haasi mukomunisiti uye kuti chinangwa chake hachisi chekumisikidza maindasitiri asi kuongororazve zvibvumirano nemakambani emarudzi akawanda kuti purofiti yakawanda igare munharaunda dzemunharaunda.
Zvichakadaro, Fujimori akarapwa magurovhosi evana nenhepfenyuro panguva yemushandirapamwe, nerimwe remapepanhau ari mumifananidzo iri pamusoro richiti "Keiko anovimbisa basa, chikafu, hutano uye kumutsiridza hupfumi ipapo." Yake yakapfuura semukadzi wekutanga panguva yekutonga kwoutsinye kwababa vake Alberto Fujimori inowanzo kufuratirwa nevezvenhau vemakambani. Anokwanisa kutaura kuti "fujimorismo yakakunda hugandanga" pasina kupikiswa pane zvinotyisa zvakakonzerwa nefurimusi munyika, kusanganisira kumanikidza kuvharisa 270,000 vakadzi uye 22,000 varume iyo baba vake vari kutongwa. Parizvino ari mutirongo pamusoro pekutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu uye huwori, kunyangwe Keiko akavimbisa kumusunungura kana akakunda. Zvakare kufuratirwa yaive nyaya yekuti Keiko iye ari panze ari bhaari segore rapfuura, akamirira a kuferefetwa kwemari, uye asina hutungamiriri hwemutungamiri wenyika, anogona kuzopedzisira ave kujeri.
Midhiya yepasi rese yanga isina kusiyana mukuburitswa kwayo zvisina tsarukano kweCastillo neFujimori, neBloomberg ichinyevera kuti "vakuru vanodedera ”papfungwa yaCastillo semutungamiriri wenyika uye Iyo Financial Times musoro wenyaya vachidanidzira "vepamusoro vePeru vachivhunduka vachitarisira kukunda nesimba-kuruboshwe musarudzo dzemutungamiri wenyika."
Hupfumi hwePeru hwakura zvakanyanya pamakore makumi maviri apfuura, asi kukura ikoko hakuna kusimudza zvikepe zvese. Mamirioni ePeruvians mumaruwa akasiyiwa akasiyiwa nehurumende. Pamusoro pezvo, kufanana nevakawanda vavakidzani vayo (kusanganisira Colombia, Chile neEcuador), Peru haina kudyarwa mune zvehutano, dzidzo uye zvimwe zvirongwa zvemagariro. Sarudzo dzakadai dzakaparadza hurongwa hwekuchengetwa kwehutano zvekuti Peru ikozvino ine musiyano unonyadzisa wekutungamira pasi rese mumunhu mumwe Covid-20 kufa.
Pamusoro penjodzi yeveruzhinji, vePeruvia vange vachirarama kuburikidza nemhirizhonga yezvematongerwo enyika inoratidzwa nenhamba inoshamisa yezviitiko zvehuwori nevatungamiriri vana mumakore matatu. Vashanu vemapurezidhendi avo manomwe ekupedzisira vakatarisana nemhosva dzehuwori. Muna 2020, Mutungamiri Martín Vizcarra (iye pachake achipomerwa huwori) akaiswa pachigaro, asina kugadzwa uye akatsiviwa naManuel Merino. Iyo manejimendi yakashorwa seyakagadziriswa paramende, zvichitungamira kumazuva akati wandei ekuratidzira kukuru mumugwagwa. Mazuva mashanu chete mukutora kwake, Merino akarega basa uye akatsiviwa neMutungamiriri wenyika iye zvino Francisco Sagasti.
Imwe yemapuratifomu akakosha aCastillo ndeyekuumba referendamu yebumbiro kuitira kuti vanhu vasarudze kana vachida bumbiro idzva kana vachida kuchengeta razvino rakanyorwa muna 1993 pasi pehutongi hwaAlberto Fujimori, iyo yakadzika neoliberalism muhurongwa hwayo.
"Bumbiro razvino rinokoshesa zvido zvega pane zvido zveveruzhinji, purofiti pamusoro pehupenyu uye chiremerera," inoverengeka yake hurongwa hwehurumende. Castillo anoti bumbiro idzva rinosanganisira zvinotevera: kuzivikanwa uye kuvimbiswa kwekodzero dzehutano, dzidzo, chikafu, pekugara uye internet kuwana; kucherechedzwa kwevanhu vemuno uye tsika dzakasiyana dzePeru; kuzivikanwa kwekodzero dzezvisikwa; kugadzirisa patsva kweHurumende kuti itarise kuve pachena uye kutora chikamu kwevagari; uye chinzvimbo chakakosha chehurumende mukuronga zvine hungwaru kuona kuti zvido zveveruzhinji zvinotungamira.
Pamberi pemutemo wezvekunze, kukunda kwaCastillo kuchamiririra kurova kukuru kune zvido zveUS mudunhu uye nhanho yakakosha yekumutsiridza kubatana kweLatin America. Akavimbisa kubvisa Peru kubva kuLima Group, komiti yekushambadzira yenyika dzakatsaurirwa shanduko yehutongi muVenezuela.
Uye zvakare, iyo Peru Libre bato ine akadanwa kudzinga USAID uye nekuvharwa kwemauto eU.S. munyika. Castillo akataurawo rutsigiro rwekupokana neOAS uye kusimbisa zvese iyo Nharaunda yeLatin America neCaribbean States (CELAC) uye iyo Union yeSouth America Nyika (UNASUR). Kukunda uku zvakare chiratidzo chakanaka kune kuruboshwe muChile, Colombia neBrazil, imwe neimwe ichava nesarudzo dzemutungamiri wenyika mugore rinotevera nehafu.
Castillo achatarisana nebasa rinotyisa, nekongiresi ine hasha, kirasi ine bhizinesi ine utsinye, mupepanhau ane hasha uye angangoita, hutongi hweBiden. Rutsigiro rwemamirioni evane hasha uye vakaunganidza vePeruvia vanoda shanduko, pamwe nekubatana kwenyika dzese, chichava chinhu chakakosha kuzadzisa vimbiso yake yemushandirapamwe yekugadzirisa zvido zvevane hurombo uye vakasiyiwa zvikamu zveruzhinji rwePeruvia.
Medea Benjamin, mubatsiri-weboka rerunyararo CODEPINK uye munyori wemabhuku paMiddle East neLatin America, ari muPeru nenhume yekuongorora sarudzo yakarongwa neProgressive International.
Leonardo Flores inyanzvi yezvematongerwo enyika yeLatin America uye mushandirapamwe neCODEPINK.
