naMarc Eliot Stein, World BEYOND War, August 31, 2026
Chinotevera chinyorwa chakazara chechikamu 87 che World BEYOND War podcast. CHERECHEDZA: Podcast yedu yemwedzi wega wega inowanzova nekubvunzurudzwa, kwatisinganyore sezvo kunyorwa otomatiki kungasaratidza zvakarurama zvinotaurwa nevaenzi vedu. Podcast yemwedzi uno ishoko rangu ndega, rinoratidza misoro yakasiyana-siyana kubva panhaka yechimurenga ye opera yekare kusvika kunhoroondo dzeHaiti, Venezuela neCuba kusvika kuhutongi hweUSA nehondo yeUSA neIran, ichipedzisa neshoko rekuti zvinonzwa sei kuti munhu wepakati nepakati muguta arambe achipomerwa mhosva yekuva neropafadzo uye asina ruzivo.
Chiziviso #1: Semazuva ese, podcast iyi ine mazwi angu nepfungwa dzangu chete.
Chiziviso #2: Zvinosuwisa kuti muchikamu chino ndinotaura kuti ndawana hunyanzvi hwekutaura chiItalian nechiFrench nekuimba opera, nekuti pandakateerera rekodhi iyi ndakaona kuti ndakakanganisa mazita mazhinji echiItalian nechiFrench pano. Ndinofunga kuti ndinokwanisa kuwana nhanho yakanaka yekududzira mataurirwo pandinoimba zvishoma nezvishoma zvikamu zvandakadzidzira, asi kunyatsorurama kwangu kunoderera kana ndatanga kutaura nekukurumidza muchiRungu. Ndinokumbira ruregerero!
Hutongi uye Unyanzvi hweKuchera
Kugamuchirwa kuchikamu 87 che World BEYOND War podcast. Ndini Marc Eliot Stein, director wetekinoroji weWorld Beyond War, ndichitaura ndiri kunyika dzeLanape muBrooklyn, New York. NdiNyamavhuvhu 2026 uye chinhu chekutanga chandinoda kuita nhasi kuratidza rudo rwedu kuvanhu veNepal neChina neTibet, sezvo tese tichiedza kunzwisisa hukuru hwenjodzi kubva mukudonha kwematope kwakatanga nekudonha kwechando. Izvi zvinoita senjodzi yakakonzerwa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, uye nyika inofanira kumuka nekuti pasi redu riri padanho rekupisa izvozvi munzira dzinopfuura imwe. Chikamu chemwedzi wapfuura chaive pamusoro peAsia, uye mwoyo yedu inonzwira tsitsi vanhu veTibet neNepal.
Ndine zvakawanda zvekutaura nezvazvo nhasi uye ndinovimba hamuzonetseki kana ndikaita sendichatanga kutaura nyaya imwe neimwe, nekuti ndine hurongwa nechinangwa chaicho nhasi, uye ndinotarisira kuti zvese zvichazoshanda pamwe chete pakupedzisira.
Ndakataura kakawanda papodcast iyi kuti kana ndisiri kubatikana nekuva murwiri werunyararo kana mugadziri wesoftware, chinhu chandinonyanya kufarira kuimba opera. Zvave zvichindifadza kuimba pamwe chete nemakambani akasiyana emitambo yemimhanzi yemunharaunda muNew York City neLong Island. Ndiri muimbi akadzidziswa uye handisi muimbi anoshamisa, asi ndinogara ndichishanda nesimba mukudzidzira uye ndinotora zvikamu zvangu zvakakomba, uye ndizvo chaizvo zvinodiwa kuti mitambo yemimhanzi yemunharaunda ishande.
Opera ingori chinhu chandagara ndichida muhupenyu hwangu, uye chakandiita kuti ndibatanidzwe muopera ndicho chimwe chete chakaita kuti ndibatanidzwe murunyararo: chishuwo changu chekudzidza nekunzwisisa nhoroondo yenyika. Kuverenga mabhuku akawanda uye kuedza kuongorora nekunzwisisa maitiro enhoroondo yenyika kwave kuri kutsvakwa kwangu kweupenyu hwese uye kwave kuriwo nzira yangu yekuenda kurunyararo - uye zvandinoreva neizvi ndezvekuti chero ani zvake anoona hondo dzakawanda dzekare nedzemazuva ano uye kuparadzwa kwevanhu nechisimba pamusoro penhoroondo achatanga kuona maitiro ari nyore uye ari pachena anodzokororwa, ayo ndeekuti sarudzo yekuenda kuhondo inogara iri sarudzo yakaipa, senge sarudzo yemutyairi akadhakwa anonwa doro. Hondo dzinotengeswa senzira yekugadzirisa kusawirirana, asi iyi ivimbiso yenhema ine njodzi, nekuti munyika chaiyo hondo hadzimbogadziri matambudziko, asi dzinogadzira matambudziko matsva anotungamira kumakakatanwa akaipisisa. Hutongi hunogara huchitungamira mukuderera kwehurumende uye kubviswa kwedemocracy, sezvo vabatsiri vehondo vachishandisa zvavakawana zvakabiwa kukurudzira vezvematongerwo enyika vane huori kuti vagone kuramba vachiita mhosva dzavo.
Maitiro makuru pane ese ndeekuti hondo dzinozvidzokorora. Hondo inogona kupedzisa kusvika kumagumo ayo anorwadza, kana paine nhamo yakakwana kumativi ese, asi nguva inogara ichiratidza kuti hondo dzekare dzinodyara mbeu dzehondo dzeramangwana. Hapana hondo inombopera zvechokwadi, uye tinogona kutarisa Hondo Yenyika Yekutanga, Hondo Yenyika Yechipiri neHondo Yenyika Yechitatu iri kuuya nhasi sehumbowo hweizvi. Zvinozoitika kuti kutya, rusaruraganda uye kushungurudzika kubva mumhirizhonga zvinopfuudzwa kubva kuchizvarwa kuenda kune chimwe chizvarwa, pasina kudzikira kwesimba. Aya ndiwo maitiro andakadzidza kubva mukudzidza kwenhoroondo yenyika kwehupenyu hwese.
Chinhu chinoshamisa chakaitika muhupenyu hwese ndichiverenga mabhuku nekuona zvirongwa zvenhoroondo, kunyanya nhoroondo yezana remakore rechi18, rechi19 nerechi20 kuEurope uko kwainyanya kushata, ndechekuti ndaigara ndichiona kuti nhoroondo yenyika yairatidzwa sei, yaidzorwa uye yaimirirwa sei mumitambo yekare ye opera - Mozart, Rossini, Wagner, Verdi, Offenbach, Bizet, Puccini. Opera yaiwanzoumba nhoroondo zvakare, sepanguva ye risorgimento yeItaly yakatanga nehondo dzaNapoleon. Ma opera aGuiseppe Verdi akava rwiyo rwekupikisa kwevanhu veItaly kumadzishe avo muVienna, humambo hweAustria hweHabsburg. Ndiri kureva kuti vakanga vasina nziyo dzemimhanzi panguva iyoyo, asi hukama hwaVerdi nevanhu vaifambira mberi uye vairwira kodzero dzenguva yake hwakanga hwakafanana nehukama hwaBeatles naBob Dylan nechizvarwa cheWoodstock.
Ndinofunga kuti zvakanaka kutaura kuti opera yaigara ichichinja zvematongerwo enyika uye ichifambira mberi. Izvi zvinogona kupesana nepfungwa yemazuva ano yekuti opera chinhu chinonakidza chevanhu vakapfuma kana vane hunyanzvi, asi pakanga pasina pfungwa yakadaro munguva yekare yeopera muEurope, apo opera yaive mimhanzi yakakurumbira iyo vanhu vaiziva uye vaigovana uye yaiteverwa nechido pakati penharaunda dzepasi rose. Misoro miviri yeopera muhafu yechipiri yezana remakore rechi19 yaive Italian Guiseppe Verdi naGerman Richard Wagner. Verdi, munyori wenziyo dze "Nabucco", "Rigoletto", "La Traviata" na "Macbeth", aive pachena achichinja uye achifambira mberi, uye opera dzake dzaigara dzichitorwa sezviratidzo zvekurwira umambo hweItaly uye pfungwa dzevanhu.
Nhaka yaRichard Wagner wekuGermany yakanyanya kuoma kuitsanangura nhasi. Ndiye aive nyanzvi akanyora mimhanzi nemashoko emabasa ehunyanzvi akadai se "Tristan und Isolde" uye Ring Cycle (iyo yakadzokororwa zvakanyanya naJRR Tolkien mu "Lord of the Rings") uye aive akakurumbira zvikuru muhupenyu hwake, asi mukurumbira wake wakakundwa makumi emakore mushure mekufa kwake apo zvakazoonekwa kuti mutsigiri wake wekutanga aive Adolf Hitler, uye apo maNazi akati mimhanzi yake ndeyavo. Wagner aivewo munhu anosarura uye anovenga vaJudha nenzira yake, kunyangwe kuvenga vaJudha kwaireva kuti aive negodo uye anokwikwidzana nevaimbi vemaopera vechiJudha nevashandi vemaopera vaitonga munharaunda iyi munguva yaWagner. Handifungi kuti zvakarurama kuti tiratidze Richard Wagner nekuda kwehutsinye hwakakonzerwa nemafascist emuzana remakore rechi20. Mafungiro ese ezana remakore rechi20 nepfungwa dzawo dzechisimba chehurumende chezvematongerwo enyika uye kuurayiwa kwevanhu kwakakura muindasitiri hazvina hukama nenyika yaaiziva Wagner. Munguva yaWagner, kufambira mberi nerusununguko zvaiita sezviri kuwedzera sezvo madzimambo akava nyika uye vanhu vakashungurudzwa vevaranda nevarombo vakava vagari vemo. Iri ndiro danho rakatorwa naVerdi muItaly naWagner muGermany. Zvichibva pane zvandinoziva nezvaRichard Wagner, ndinotenda kuti angadai akaramba Nazism nepfungwa dzakakwirira, kunyange zvazvo angadai akaedzwa nerukudzo. Wagner ainyanya kuenderana nechizvarwa chekuchinja-chinja cha1848, saVerdi. Aionekwa semunhu ane pfungwa dzakanaka uye anobudirira mumamiriro ezvinhu enguva yake, uye ndiwo mamiriro ezvinhu ayo basa rake rinofanira kukosheswa nawo nhasi.
Opera nenhoroondo zvakabatana zvakanyanya munzira dzakawanda. Ndinoshamisika kana vazhinji vevateereri vangu vakanyurawo munyika ino. Ndinoziva kuti handisi ini ndega munhu anofarira opera asingade rugare. Ndapota nyorai mhinduro papeji remanotsi echirongwa kana muine zvamunofunga nezve opera nezvematongerwo enyika kana nhoroondo.
"Tosca" yaGiacomo Puccini muenzaniso weopera inojekesa nhoroondo. Inoitika muRome panguva chaiyo yekuchinja kwehutongi nekukurumidza muna Chikumi 1800 kwakaitika mumakore ekutanga ehondo dzaNapoleon, uye pandakaimba korasi mu "Tosca" ndakawana mukana wekunyura muzvinhu zvese zvisinganzwisisike uye zvinoshamisa zvemwaka wekuchinja kwehutongi izvo vanhu veRome vakararama nazvo muzhizha ra1800. Opera iyi yakaita kuti chiitiko ichi chenhoroondo chive chakajeka kwandiri nenzira iyo hapana kana bhuku randakamboverenga nezveHabsburg Empire kana nyika itsva yeItaly yaigona.
Ndakazviwana ndiri mumumvuri weHondo dzaNapoleon zvakare pandakaimba korasi mu "Carmen" yaGeorges Bizet pakutanga kwegore rino, uye ndakafara chaizvo nekuita chirongwa ichi. Zvino takanga tava kutamba vashambadziri veSpain kana Romani kumaodzanyemba kweSpain, uko vatengesi vemusika mutema vaitamba pamwe chete nevafambisi vezvikepe vekuEngland nemakororo vaitakura fodya nemachira anokosha vachienda kunzvimbo isina kugadzikana yeRock of Gibraltar. Zvinotiyeuchidza nezvefirimu "Casablanca", asi makore zana apfuura, uye nemimhanzi iri nani. Ichi ndicho chinhu - kuvhurwa kwenyika dzekare dzekare, zvichivadzosera kuhupenyu hwemativi matatu - zvinoita kuti opera ive inonakidza uye ifare kwandiri.
Saka ndosaka munhu asingade zvehondo achinyanya kufarira opera. Panewo chokwadi chekuti ndagara ndichida kudzidza mutauro wekune dzimwe nyika, kunyangwe nzira yavakashandisa pandakadzidza chiSpanish kuchikoro chesekondari kuLong Island zvaisashanda. Kuburikidza neopera, ndava kutanga kukudziridza kugona kushoma kunzwisisa mitauro miviri yekune dzimwe nyika, chiItalian nechiFrench. Zvino kana ndikangowana kambani muNew York inoita Zarzuela, iyo Spanish form inoyevedza ye comic opera, saka ndinogona kudzidza chiSpanish sezvandaida muhupenyu hwangu hwese!
Imwe yemakomedhi andinofarira eItaly inyaya ye "The Barber of Seville", "Il Barbiere di Siviglia", yakanyorwa nemunyori wenziyo mukuru Giachino Rossini, iyo yakatanga kuratidzwa muna 1815. Iri rine rwiyo rune mukurumbira rwekusetsa runonzi La Calunnia, kana kuti Calumny, the Scandal, the Big Lie. Rwakaimbwa naDon Basilio ane hunhu hwakaipa, purofesa anozviti ndiye mudzidzisi wemimhanzi uye nyanzvi mune zvakawanda. Hunhu hwaDon Basilio hunoenderana nemhando dzehunhu hwepurofesa wenhema kubva kuCommedia dell Arte, uye makomedhi echiFrench aMoliere, izvo zvine musoro sezvo "The Barber of Seville" iri opera yeItaly yakavakirwa pakomedhi yechiFrench yaBeomarchais.
Zviri kuratidza kuti vateereri veopera vaizoseka Don Basilio makore anopfuura 210 apfuura, sezvo huori hwake nekushaya hunhu hwakanaka zvingatiita semazuva ano. Rwiyo rwaanoimba rwunoratidza chokwadi chekare, chokwadi chekare, kunyangwe panguva iyo opera iyi yaive itsva - chokwadi chekuti kureva nhema hunyanzvi hwakaoma, kuti kune varevi venhema vane hunyanzvi vanogona kubatsira kuvaka nhema dzinobudirira chaizvo, uye kuti kana varevi venhema vane hunyanzvi vakaedza nepese pavanogona kugadzira nekukurudzira nhema dzinobatsira kuparadza hupenyu hwemumwe munhu asina mhosva, pane mukana wekuti nhema dzacho dzichabudirira uye vanhu vazhinji vachatenda nhema dzacho.
Chinonyanya kusetsa rwiyo urwu ndechekuti Don Basilio, chiremba wezana remakore rechi19, anofarira sei kugadzira nhau dzenhema. Ndicharidza rwiyo urwu muchiItalian pakupera kwechiratidziro. Runotanga zvinyoro nyoro, nenzwi rakanyorova, sezvinowanzoita nyaya yakagadzirwa. Nyaya itsva, purofesa anotiudza, yakafanana nenziyo inotapira inotsvedza yopinda munzeve dzevateereri vasina mhosva yainosvika. Mimhanzi inovaka kubva pakunaka kusvika pakutyisidzira sezvo rwiyo rwunoenderera mberi, sezvo nhema dzichiwana musha mupfungwa dzevanhu, uye vanodzokorora uye vanodziwedzera, uye ipapo rwiyo runova nenjodzi sezvo nhema dzichisvika pakakwirira, pfuti, kudengenyeka kwenyika, dutu guru. Pakupedzisira, mushure mekupera kwerwiyo, Dr. Basilio ane manyemwe anotiudza mhedzisiro yekupedzisira: munhu akabatwa nenyaya yenhema, akatukwa, akarohwa, akarwiswa kumativi ese, anongofa.
Saka ndakafuridzirwa nerwiyo urwu rune utsinye - rwiyo rwakataura chokwadi makore mazana maviri negumi apfuura icho vateereri vakaziva uye vakanzwisisa zviri nyore. Tinogona kufunga kuti nguva yedu yekubvumirana kwakagadzirwa nemashini uye algorithmic yehondo nekudzvinyirira yakasiyana - uye pamwe yakasiyana nekuti nhasi hurumende dzakaipa idzi algorithms dzinovaka mvumo dzine simba guru rekuparadza nekuuraya vanhu vazhinji vasina mhosva nekukurumidza nhasi. Uye vari kushandisa simba iri rinotyisa, vari kushandisa simba iri, uye pamwe izvi zvinoita kuti zvinotyisa zvemazuva ano zvive zvakasiyana. Asi chisiri chinoshamisa inyanzvi, hunyanzvi, hunyanzvi, musika wehunyanzvi hwekuchera.
Uye, zvechokwadi, sei tichifanira kufungidzira kuti hurumende dzaisanyanya hunyanzvi hwekureva nhema kupfuura zvadziri nhasi? Hurumende dzaiita varanda, dzichiponda, dzichitsika-tsika, dzichiziya nenzara uye dzichiisa mujeri vanhu vasina mhosva muna 1815 sezvadziri nhasi, uye dzaida michina yekuparadzira mashoko panguva iyoyo sezvadziri kuita nhasi.
Saka pandinoteerera "Il Barbiere di Siviglia" ndinoedza kuzviisa muzvinhu zvakaitika kare, ndinoedza kufungidzira kuti zvinotyisa chaizvo, kutya, hasha, uye kudzvinyirirwa kwaiitwa muItaly kana France kana Austria kana Germany kana Hungary muzana remakore rechi19 zvainzwa sei. Chimwe chinhu chiri pachena: vateereri muEurope mazana maviri emakore apfuura vaigona kuseka hunhu uhwu hwakajairika hwepurofesa anonyengera, ane makaro uye anotuka achiimba nechido nezvehunyanzvi hwakanaka hwekuchera vamwe. Vakabva vangonzwisisa kuti Don Basilio aiva ani uye kuti aimirirei.
Ndiri kufunga nezvenyaya dzakagadzirwa dziri pamberi pangu nhasi - uye matambudziko akagadzirwa ari kuuraya vanhu vasina mhosva zuva nezuva. Ndatsamwa zvikuru nekutambura kuri kuitika muCaribbean kunorongwa nenyonganyonga inozivikanwa sehurumende yaTrump muAmerica inonzi. Ndatsamwa, uye ndinovimba kuti nemiwo matsamwawo, kubvira Trump nevamwe vake muutsotsi Marco Rubio naPete Hegseth pavakatanga dambudziko idzva nekuputitsa zvikepe zvidiki zvekuredza mugungwa reCaribbean pedyo negungwa reVenezuela - vachingozviputitsa nezvombo zviri kure, vachiti kuburikidza nenhau dzisina kujeka kuti vakaurayiwa vaive vatengesi vezvinodhaka asi vachitsigira izvi pasina humbowo uye zviri pachena kuti hapana kutongwa. Trump naRubio naHegseth vakabva vatanga kutumira mavhidhiyo eutsinye ekuputika, vachinyora pasocial media mavhidhiyo evanhu vari kumahombekombe eVenezuela vari muzvikepe zvidiki vachiurayiwa nekukurumidza nemadrone, vachitorwa nemakamera pane mamwe madrone. Maitiro aya asina kunaka aonekwa seakajairika pasi rese. Ndaneta nenhema huru yekuti United States of America haina kana chinhu kunze kwekunyara pamberi penyika parizvino. Uye ndinotaura izvi semunhu ane dambudziko rekugara munyika ino yakatukwa, uye handigoni kubva nyore nyore nekuti mhuri yangu yese iri pano, uye iyi ndiyo chete nzvimbo yatakambogara.
Ndaneta nenhema dzekuti United States pachayo haisi hurumende yerusaruraganda. Funga nezveizvi: tinoziva kuti Israel inyika yerusaruraganda, asi sei tisingabvumi kuti United States inyika yerusaruraganda zvakare? Tine boka rechipiri re "vasingabvumirwi nemutemo" pano - boka revanhu vanozivikanwa uye vakasiyana vasiri vagari uye vasingagoni kuvhota kunyangwe vazhinji vavo nemhuri dzavo vakagara nekushanda pano hupenyu hwavo hwese. Vari kubhadharwa uye vanoshanda munzvimbo dzese dzehupfumi hwedu, kunyanya vari kuchengetedza hutano nemabasa eruzhinji, vachishanda nesimba kuti vawane raramo kupfuura vagari vazhinji vachena vane ropafadzo. Asi vanobhadharwa mari shoma, uye vanofanira kutsungirira kushorwa nekuderedzwa kubva kumativi ese, sezvo vachigara nesu vasina kodzero neropafadzo shoma, uye zvechokwadi izvozvi vari kutyisidzirwa pachena nemapoka eICE nemapurisa ane hutsinye akapfeka masiki. Sei zvakaoma kubvuma kuti USA inyika yerusaruraganda? Uye kana tabvuma, tinogona kushanda pamwe chete here kumisa kusaruramisira uku?
Handigoni kukanganwa kuti hurumende inonzi Trump Rubio Hegseth yakatanga rwendo rwavo rweCaribbean nekuuraya vanhu vekuVenezuela vari kure, vachigovana mavhidhiyo pasocial media evanhu vasingazivikanwe, vasina mazita vachifa pakarepo mukuputika kwesimbi, mapurasitiki nemagirazi. Chii chakaitika? Zvadaro, mushure mekushungurudza Venezuela neLatin America yese neCaribbean nepasi rese nemaitiro aya eutsinye, kwete kungouraya vanhu ava chete asi kushungurudza mhuri dzavo nenharaunda uye kuzivisa munhu wese wekuVenezuela kuti USA inogona kurwisa nedrone chero nguva chero ipi zvayo nechikonzero - mushure memwedzi yakawanda izvi, USA inopinda muguta guru reVenezuela, inouraya vanhu vanopfuura zana nekuputika kwemabhomba kusina basa kunze kwekukanganisa chero munhu angaedza kubatsira kudzivirira humwe hutsinye hwaiitwa panguva imwe chete, yobva yabata mutungamiri wenyika Nicolas Maduro nemukadzi wake uye yovaisa mujeri kure nemusha.
Pandinofunga nezvaNicolas Maduro, ndinofunga nezvaToussaint L'ouverture, mutungamiriri ane mukurumbira, aidiwa nevanhu vakawanda uye aishorwa zvikuru wekupanduka kwevaranda mukoloni yeFrance yeSaint-Domingue zvakaita kuti nyika yeHaiti iberekwe. Ndakataura mune imwe podcast yapfuura kuti ndakagumburwa zvikuru pandakaverenga bhuku rinotaura nezveChimurenga cheHaiti rinonzi "VaBlack Jacobins" naCLR James.
Ndinokoshesa bhuku iri nekuti kusiyana nemabhuku mazhinji andati ndamboona anotsanangura nezveChimurenga cheHaiti, "Black Jacobins" harina kunyanya kutarira maonero evaridzi vevaranda. Rinoburitsawo zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoshamisa nezvechimurenga ichi chisinganzwisiswe zvakanyanya, chinowanzo nzi chakaitika pakati pa1791 na1804 - chimwe chimurenga, sechimurenga chaSimon Bolivar chaizotevera kuSouth America, chakabatana zvakanyanya neHondo dzaNapoleon muEurope.
Pamwe imhaka yekuti ndakagara muBrooklyn nevanhu vakawanda vekuHaiti saka ndakakwanisa kudzidza kuti ndagara ndisina ruzivo nezveHaiti. Hunhu hwangu hwekuAmerica hwakadzika midzi mukutaura nhema nekurwisa Haiti, patinoona Haiti zvachose. Pane pfungwa yevanhu vakawanda yekuti Haiti ine nhaka yeudzvinyiriri husina muripo uye mhirizhonga yematsotsi, asi izvi zvinoshandura chokwadi chekuti masimba ekuNorth America neEurope anga achishandisa, achiba uye achinyengedza Haiti kubvira, kubva pakutanga kwechimurenga chaToussaint L'ouverture, ndosaka chimurenga ichi chaifanira kuitika, kunze kwekuti hukama hwekuvengana nekushungurudzwa hahuna kumbopera kunyangwe mushure mekunge Haiti yakwanisa kutiza kubva muhutongi hweFrance. Uye ndiri kutaura ndichitsvinya pandinotaura nezvemakore anopfuura gumi nemaviri pakati pa1791 na1804 sechimurenga chaToussaint L'ouverture, nekuti chakanga chisiri chinhu chakadaro. Mutungamiriri uyu mutema aive mumwe wevatambi vakazvimiririra vakasimukira zvisina kurongeka kuva vatungamiriri uye vamiririri vemasimba mukati uye pakati penharaunda dzakasiyana dzakasiyana dzakatsanangurwa nerudzi. Rudzi rwakanyanya kukosha uye rwaidzora munguva refu yechimurenga rwaisava varungu vekuFrance kana varanda vatema, asi vanhu vaiva pakati nepakati, vanhu vakasanganiswa vakaumba bato guru rechimurenga vaine mimiriri yavo yakasiyana. Zvinosuwisa kuti vanhu ava vepakati nepakati vaiwanzoda kushanda pamwe chete nevachena kurwisa vatema, kunyangwe vanhu vatema vaitungamirirwa naToussaint L'ouverture vakasvika pamiganhu yekushivirira kuti vaedze kuwana rugare nekubatana nevachena nevanhu vakasanganiswa.
Toussaint L'ouverture akanga asiri munhu ainyanya kurwa asi aiva mumiriri wenyika. Akapedza gore mushure megore aitambura achiedza kutaurirana nezvemigumisiro yerunyararo nevatungamiriri vachena nevemarudzi akasiyana-siyana vairamba vachichinja. Mhirizhonga yakawanda yemakore aya yaigadzirwa uye yaichengetwa nevachena muSaint-Domingue nevaaishanda navo semuridzi wevaranda muFrance. Vamwe vatungamiriri vachena nevemarudzi akasiyana-siyana vaiva netsika dzakanaka uye vasina makaro kupfuura vamwe. MuChimurenga cheHaiti tinoona Napoleon Bonaparte panguva yakaipa zvikuru, achiraira kudzokera kuuranda kunotyisa uye kusingafungidzike mushure memakore erusununguko, uye zvechokwadi izvi zvaisakwanisika kuti vanhu vatema vagamuchire. Kutadza kwaNapoleon kushandisa pfungwa pano kunopa pfungwa inosuruvarisa kune pfungwa dzisina maturo dziri muGiuseppe Verdi nedzimwe opera dzakawanda dzeItaly dzekuti Hondo dzaNapoleon dzaimiririra chero pfungwa ye "rusununguko". Kwete varanda muHaiti hazvina kudaro. France haina kurega kushandisa Haiti zvisina kunaka mushure mekunge yava nyika yakazvimirira, uye France haina kurega kushandisa Haiti zvisina kunaka mushure mekunge hutongi hwaBonaparte hwaparara uye Madzimambo eFrance adzoka, kana apo maBonapartist akatora simba zvakare. MaFrench haana kukwanisa kuwana hurumende yavo, asi vaigona kugara vachiwana nzira yekushandisa Haiti zvisina kunaka. Ehe, United States yakapindawo muchiitiko ichi. Uranda, zvikwereti zvinoparadza, mashandiro ekuchinja hurumende, kugara muchiuto, mitemo yakaoma uye isingaenderane nekufamba kwevanhu - iyi ndiyo nzira iyo masimba ekunze akakonzera kusagadzikana munyika inodada yeHaiti nhasi.
Toussaint L'ouverture yakatorwa nemauto eFrance aNapoleon muna 1802, ndokufa muna 1803. Nhasi, sezvandinotaura nemi ndiri pano muBrooklyn New York, zvinoshamisa uye zvinoshamisa kuti mutungamiri wenyika yeVenezuela akatorwa Nicolas Maduro ari mujeri riri pedyo neni, jeri riri pamhenderekedzo yegungwa pedyo neRed Hook neSouth Slope neSunset Park randinowanzoona. Handina hanya naMaduro kana mumwe wezvematongerwo enyika ane hunyanzvi, asi ndinoziva kuti Maduro ndiye akatsiva mutungamiri weVenezuela anoremekedzwa uye anoremekedzwa zvikuru Hugo Chavez, uye ndinofunga zvinoshamisa kuti mutungamiri wepamutemo weVenezuela ari kupera mujeri riri pedyo nepandaigara sezvo hurumende itsva yekuvanda ichishandira pamwe naMarco Rubio kuwedzera purofiti yemafuta yeUSA uku ichidzosera hupfumi kuVenezuela zvakare.
Zvinokatyamadza kufunga kuti zvishoma zvakachinja sei pakati pekubatwa nekuiswa mujeri kwaNicolas Maduro uye kubatwa nekuiswa mujeri makore anopfuura mazana maviri apfuura kwemutungamiriri wekusurukirwa Toussaint L'ouverture, uyo akatsungirira kubudirira kwakawanda uye akakundikana uye akaita zvakawanda, asi akazoendeswa kuFrance zvisina kunaka ndokuiswa mujeri uko, zvinoshamisa asi zvechokwadi, akanyimwa kunyange hutano hwakakosha nevarindi vake vechichena vekuFrance, nekuti vaisagona kubata munhu mutema semunhu. Izvi ndizvo zvakaita Toussaint L'ouverture muna Kubvumbi 1803. Nhasi, ndinoshamisika kuti Nicolas Maduro ari kubatwa sei nemapurisa echichena echitsotsi paBrooklyn Detention Center.
Sezvo tiri kunyora nhema huru pano, inhema huru iyo United States neEurope dzagara dzichibatsira nyika dzeCaribbean. Uye izvozvo zvinotisvitsa pakutambura kunotyisa kuri kuitwawo neUnited States parizvino munyika huru yeCuba. Unoziva, nyaya yeCuba ndeimwe inondifadza nekuti ndine shamwari dzakawanda dzeCuba. Ndinoyeuka kufara kwatakaita tese mumakore ekupedzisira ehutongi hwaObama pakava nekuchinja kwakakosha uye kwakabudirira kwehukama hwehukama pakati peUSA neCuba. Ndinoyeuka nyaya dzinofadza dzakataurwa neshamwari dzangu dzeCuba dzekukwanisa kudzokera kunoshanyira nekuonana nehama kekutanga muhupenyu hwavo. Unoziva, kare kare ndaiva mutsigiri mukuru waBarack Obama, uye handina kumbobvira ndaziva kuti kunyangwe aive nehungwaru hwake hwese uye hunhu hwake, aivewo tsotsi rehondo rakaipa iro rakatanga tsika yekuponda vanhu nemhuri dzavo nekurwiswa kwedrone inodzorwa kure. Ehe, pane mutsetse wakatwasuka kubva kuna Barack Obama achidana kurwiswa kwedrone pamuchato muPakistan naDonald Trump achidana kurwiswa kwechikepe muCaribbean Sea. Sezvo ndichibvuma kuti ndaimbotenda muna Obama zvikuru, asati azviratidza semupari wemhosva yehondo, ndichamupa mbiri huru: rugare neCuba uye rugare neIran.
Zvinosuwisa kuti Trump, Rubio naHegseth vava kuisa zvirango zvine hutsinye kurudzi rwese rweCuba, uye vana nevanhu vasina dziviriro vari kufa muCuba zuva nezuva nekuda kwezvematongerwo enyika asina kunaka akatungamirirwa, zviri pachena, naMarco Rubio, murume ane pfungwa dzisina kusimba uyo akadzidziswa kubva achiri kuyaruka kuti ave rombo rakanaka kune zvido zveUSA muCuba. Handizivi kuti Rubio angazvitarisa sei mugirazi. Ndinofungidzira kuti ndiye ega ari pachigaro chekutyaira kana zvasvika kune mutemo weUSA muVenezuela neCuba, sezvo Trump naHegseth vari kukwenya misoro yavo vachitarisa mamepu eIran, ukuwo Jared Kushner ari kugovana zvirongwa zvake zvekuchenesa madzinza nekuvaka mahotera muGaza nevaanoshanda navo mubhizinesi vakaita saHakeem Jeffries. Zvimwe nezvaHakeem Jeffries munguva pfupi iri kutevera.
Ndinonzwa sekunge ndiri kutaura zvakananga uye zvakare zvakanyanya pano nezvematambudziko akasiyana-siyana ari kuitika, saka ndinofanira kutaura kuti chero chandinotaura papodcast iyi ipfungwa dzangu chete, hadzina kuongororwa kana kubvumidzwa nemumwe munhu kunze kwangu, uye kuti ndinoremekedzwa kushanda nemurongi weWorld Beyond War's Latin America. Gabriel Aguirre uye kunzwa mishumo yake inokosha kubva kunzvimbo dzaanonyatsoziva. Zvingava zvakanaka kuverenga nhau dzeWorld Beyond War dzinogara dzichitaurwa nezvematambudziko kunyanya muVenezuela neCuba - uye nezveCuba ndinoda kutaura zvakare kuti ndinonyara sei nezvakaitwa neUnited States of America kuCuba hupenyu hwangu hwese, kutanga nedambudziko reBay of Pigs. Izvo, nenzira, zvakapa vatambi vakazova mbavha dzeWatergate, mumwe muenzaniso wembeu dzakadyarwa nehondo dzakakundikana dzinokura nenzira dzisinganzwisisike. Ndinonamata kuti pave nenzira yekugumisa njodzi inopenga muCuba iyo Marco Rubio ari kuita iye zvino.
Ndiri kunyanya kuomesera USA here? Handifungi kudaro. Sezvakataurwa naHuey Lewis, dzimwe nguva zvakaipa zvakaipa. Hutongi hwaTrump huri kuurayawo vanhu nekumisa zvirongwa zverubatsiro muAsia neAfrica zvisina hanya. Sezvo matambudziko aya anoodza mwoyo achikura, vazhinji vedu tinonzwawo tisina ruzivo rwakawanda sezvataiita kare, kwete nekuda kwenhau dzealgorithmic chete asiwo nekuda kwemadziro ari kuiswa nehurumende kuti dzisapinde munhau - apo vasiri kuuraya vatori venhau nekuda kwekuva vatori venhau sezvinoita Israel, Russia neSaudi Arabia nekudada uye pachena. Zvakaoma kutsigira rugare neruramisiro nhasi, uye ndosaka tichifanira kuramba tichizviita.
Chimwe chinhu chakanaka chakaitwa naObama paaiva mutsotsi wehondo muWhite House chaive chibvumirano cherunyararo neIran, JCPOA. Iyi yaive shanduko yakanaka kwazvo kupasi rese muna 2015, kunyangwe zvichishungurudza kuti mashoko akanaka aya akadonha nekukurumidza sei. Chimwe chezvinhu zvakaipa kwazvo zvakaitwa naTrump muhurumende yake yekutanga kwaive kurasa chibvumirano cherunyararo cheUS/Iran chakasiyana, chakakosha uye chakakundwa zvakaoma. Danho rinosemesa, uye aifanira kunge akabviswa pachigaro ipapo ipapo nekuda kwekuisa pasi rose panjodzi nekugumisa chibvumirano chakakomba chekubviswa kwezvombo zvenyukireya nekuti mauto nemaZionist vakamunyengetedza kuti USA yaigona kuwana purofiti yakawanda nekurwisa Iran panzvimbo pezvo.
Nhasi uno hondo neIran iri kuenderera mberi, uye handigoni kutaura nezvekukura kwehondo yeU.S. neIran pari zvino, asi ndanga ndichinyanya kutaura nezvenhema imwe chete huru yandinogara ndichinzwa vanhu vedivi rekurudyi kana vemauto vachitaura nezveIran. Donald Trump anotaura izvozvo uye vamwe vese vanozvidzokorora. Ndiri kutaura nezvenhema idzi dzinosemesa dzekuti Iran ine hurongwa hwekugadzira zvombo zvenyukireya kwete nekuda kwezvikonzero zvehungwaru kana zvekudzivirira, kunyangwe zvichinzwisiswa zvakanyanya kuti Iran ine hurongwa hwekugadzira zvombo zvenyukireya nekuda kwezvikonzero zvehungwaru uye zvekudzivirira, asi kuti Iran ine hurongwa hwekugadzira chombo chayo chekutanga chenyukireya uye INOPUTSA PANETI YOSE PAkarepo.
Izvi zviri pachena kuti ichitendero chevana, chitendero chenhema, nekuti kunyangwe munhu ane rusaruraganda zvakanyanya anofanira kuziva kuti Iran inyika yakazara nevanhu - vanhu mamiriyoni makumi mapfumbamwe nemaviri - uye inewo nzanga yakazara netsika dzinosanganisira chitendero nesainzi nehunyanzvi nemimhanzi nevaraidzo nerudo nemhuri, uye vanhu ava vanosarudza kurarama kwete kufa pakarepo. Pfungwa yekuti Iran yaizokurumidza kuputitsa Israel kana United States haina musoro zvekuti inganzi fungidziro yekusaziva. Zvairi inyaya yekunyepedzera - nhema isingatombotendwe nevarevi venhema vanoiparadzira.
Asi nhau huru dzinoparadzira chokwadi ichi, manyepo aya ekuti Iran ine zvombo zvenyukireya ingave nengozi kupfuura Israel yenyukireya kana North Korea kana England yenyukireya nekuti Iran yaizoshandisa zvombo izvi ipapo ipapo kugumisa hupenyu hwese panyika. Unogona kunzwa manyepo aya evana achitaurwa zvakakomba nenyanzvi dzekuchengetedza nyika dzakasimba panhau dzetambo nenhepfenyuro, uye achidzokororwa nevatendi vanonyengera paYouTube neTwitch neTikTok. Trump anotaura izvozvo, saka idzidziso yebato reRepublican. Asi vezvematongerwo enyika venhema vanotsigira hondo mubato reDemocratic vanotaurawo izvozvo. Inhema inosuwisa, yakaipa. Handina chimwe chinhu kunze kwekushora mhando dzevanachiremba vanonyura muhunhu hwakadai, avo vachataura zvakakomba kuti vanotenda kuti hurumende yenyika ine vanhu mamiriyoni makumi mapfumbamwe nemaviri ichasarudza kuzviuraya kana vakawana mukana. Pandinonzwa vanonzi vanopikisa Trump mubato renhema reDemocratic vachidzokorora manyepo aya akaipa, ndinongoda kurutsa.
Ndingada kutaura nezveimwe nhema, uye iyi inondibata semunhu chaiye.
Uku ndiko kunyomba kwekuti vechidiki, kana chero vanhu, vari varatidziri vanofambira mberi uye varatidziri, vanhu vachena vane ropafadzo. Ndakanzwa kunyomba uku kubva kune wezvematongerwo enyika wandinoona semumwe wevanonyanya kushata muUSA parizvino, uye handisi kutaura nezveTrumpy Republican asi nezvesangano, rinotsigirwa neAIPAC, nhengo yeparamende yeWall Street-bro Democrat ine basa guru muhutungamiriri hwebato: Hakeem Jeffries. Ndinoona Hakeem Jeffries semunyengeri chaiye, mumiriri akasiyiwa nehurongwa hwesimba husina hunyanzvi hwehutungamiriri hwaBiden hwekuona kuti maDemocrat haamboedzi zvakanyanya kupikisa hurumende yaTrump (iyo inotsigirwa nemari nemakambani akafanana nevanopa mari yehondo vanopa mari maDemocrat) asi ichagara ichiedza kurwisa chero mukwikwidzi weDemocratic anofambira mberi, kana chero mutori wenhau wechidiki anofambira mberi semutambi weTwitch ane tarenda Hasan Piker anoshinga kupikisa Israeri. Ndiro basa rinoitwa naHakeem Jeffries mubato reDemocratic: ibasa rake kudzinga vanhu vanofambira mberi.
Hakeem Jeffries anobva kuBrooklyn, kwandinogara. Ibasa chairo, uye ndingangodawo kutaura nezvenhoroondo yerudzi rweNew York City pano. Kare kuma1990, kwaive nepurofesa weBlack Studies aishingaira zvikuru paCity College of New York, inova koreji yakanaka kwazvo muManhattan iyo vanhu vashoma vemumhuri mangu vakaenda, kusanganisira amai vangu. Leonard Jeffries akazvipinza mumatambudziko makuru nekutaura zvinhu zvaiita sekunge zvinokatyamadza uye aipomerwa mhosva yekuvenga vaJudha, saka verenga nezvake muWikipedia, asi ndichakuudza kuti muma1990 pandaiverenga nezvaLeonard Jeffries muVillage Voice neNew York Times, handina kugumburwa nepfungwa dzake dzisinganzwisisike nezvemarudzi akasiyana-siyana, uye ndaifunga kuti aive munhu anonakidza uye anotaura pachena uyo akazviisa mumatambudziko achibuda nepfungwa. Kune tsika refu yesainzi yenhema yerudzi, uye vamwe vadzidzi vakaita saJames Watson, uyo akakurumbira muDNA, vakazvipinzawo mumatambudziko makuru nekufunga pachena nezvesainzi yehukuru hwerudzi.
Izvi zvese zvine chekuita nezvandakataura nezvemunyori wenziyo wekuGerman Richard Wagner kare. SemuJudha, handifungi kuti maJuda anofanira kunyanya kushatirwa pese paanenge achida kutaura zvisina musoro nezvemapoka akasiyana-siyana emadzinza. Kana munhu achida kuita semunhu asina hunhu paruzhinji, ndiro dambudziko rake, uye vanowanzo bhadhara mutengo wekukanganisa kwavo pasina rubatsiro rwangu.
Kana munyori wenziyo wekuGerman kana purofesa weCUNY akataura chimwe chinhu chine rusaruro, ini pachangu ndinofunga kuti dzimwe nguva tinofanira kungofema toziva kuti vanhu vane kodzero yekutaura zvinhu zvisina musoro, uye toziva pfungwa inokosha yekuti kuurayiwa kwevanhu vakawanda nekuuraya vanhu vakawanda hazviitike nekuti mumwe musayendisiti ane dzidziso pamusoro pehungwaru hwechisikigo, kana kuti mumwe purofesa weCUNY anotaura nezvekukosha kwevanhu vezuva muAfrica.
Zvandataura zvinogona kutove nharo nevamwe vehama dzangu dzechiJudha, avo vanowanzo svetuka pfungwa yekuvenga vaJudha, uye ndinoda kunyatsojekesa zvandiri kuda kutaura. Iri ishoko randakafungisisa nezvaro zvakanyanya, uye rinobva mukudzidza kwangu kwakadzama nhoroondo yeHondo Yenyika Yechipiri neHolocaust kubva kuvanyori vakaita saWilliam Shirer, Hannah Arendt, Saul Friedlander naNicholson Baker. Kuurayiwa kwevaJudha panguva yeHondo Yenyika Yechipiri hakuna kuitika nekuti chero ani zvake aisada vaJudha. Ndine urombo kana izvi zvichiparadza pfungwa yemunhu wese yekuti Hondo Yenyika Yechipiri yakaitika nekuti Hitler aive asingadi vaJudha. Zvandiri kutaura pano hazvisi zvitsva - zvakashamisa vanhu kare apo Hannah Arendt akanyora bhuku achiratidza kuti mukuru wehurumende yeHolocaust Adolf Eichmann aive neshamwari nehama dzakawanda dzechiJudha, uye aisada vaJudha zvachose.
Chokwadi ndechekuti kuurayiwa kwevaJudha muHolocaust kwakaitika nechikonzero chimwe chete chekuuraya kwemarudzi ese: nekuti vezvematongerwo enyika vakaipa, vane makaro uye vane huori vanotsigirwa nevanoita zvehondo vakaipa, vane makaro uye vane huori vanoona senzira yakanaka yekuuraya nhengo dzeboka redzinza, kana kurega boka redzinza richifa nenzara. Kubatsira kweruvengo rwechiJudha muGermany kwakava pachena mushure meHondo Yenyika Yekutanga apo mapato matsva ezvematongerwo enyika neemauto akaona kuti zvine simba rekupomera vaJudha mhosva yekukundwa kweGermany. Zvadaro, sezvo chiKomonisiti cheRussia/Soviet chakapararira mushure mekuparadzwa kwehondo iyi, mapato aya akaona zvine simba rekuziva vaJudha veGermany nemaKomonisiti. Mushure mekunge Hondo Yenyika Yekutanga yatanga zvakava zvinobatsira zvikuru kutambudza vaJudha, uye apo Germany yakapinda muRussia, kuvaka misasa yebasa yakashanduka kuita misasa yerufu yakabatana nehurongwa hwemauto eGermany pamatanho mazhinji.
Dai Holocaust isina kuenderana nehurongwa hwezvematongerwo enyika nehondo hweGermany, zvingadai zvisina kuitika, zvisinei nekuti vanhu vaifungei nezvevaJudha. Holocaust muGaza iri kuitika izvozvi, ndinosuruvarisa zvikuru kutaura, nekuti vezvematongerwo enyika veIsrael vane njere vakaita saNetanyahu vanoona hondo isingaperi ichivakanganisa zvikuru pakupomerwa mhosva dzavo dzemari, uye vezvematongerwo enyika vekuAmerica vane pfungwa dzakaipa vakaita saJoe Biden naDonald Trump vanofunga kuti vanogona kukunda sarudzo dzeUS nekutsvaga rutsigiro rweIsrael. Imhaka yevanhu vanotsvaga mukana vakaita saHitler naNetanyahu naBiden naTrump kuti kuurayana kunoitika. Maitiro aya anotsanangurawo kuurayana kweArmenia, Pakistan/India, Great Leap Forward yeChina, Cambodia, kuparara kweYugoslavia, njodzi iri muRwanda. Muzviitiko zvese, kuurayana hakuitike nekuda kwerusarura rwemadzinza kana rusarura rwevanhu. Kuurayana kunoitika nekuti vakuru vezvematongerwo enyika nevemauto vasina kugona uye vakaipa vanoona senzira yakanaka yekuita kuti kuurayana kuitike.
Saka, takasvika sei pano kubva pakutaura nezvaHakeem Jeffries? Ehe, Hakeem Jeffries haasi mwanakomana asi muzukuru waLeonard Jeffries, mutsigiri wezvematongerwo enyika wekumakore ekuma1990, wandinoyeuka kuti ndaifunga kuti aive akanaka. Asi handifungi kuti Hakeem Jeffries akanaka. Handizivi kuti chii chakakanganisika pano, ndinofunga ndiye munhu anongogara ari mumhuri. Zvisinei, pamwe chimwe chikonzero nei Hakeem Jeffries achitora mari yakawanda kubva kuAIPAC nedzimwe nhengo dzebato reIsrael nhasi ndechekuti ari kunyara nezvasekuru vake vaimbova nemukurumbira Leonard Jeffries, munhu ega anonakidza akazvarwa nemhuri yaJeffries.
Sei tichitaura nezvaHakeem Jeffries? Nekuti ndiye mumwe wevanotungamira Dem vane simba guru, iye naChuck Schumer naPete Buttigeig naJim Clyburn, uye pese panoitika chishamiso uye wezvematongerwo enyika akatendeseka uye ane tarenda anosarudzwa mubato reDemocratic, Hakeem Jeffries aripo munhau mangwanani akatevera kuparadzira kusuruvara pamusoro pekuti sei Zohran Mamdani ari zano rakaipa, kana kuti Brad Landers ari zano rakaipa, kana kuti Abdul El-Sayed ari zano rakaipa, kana kuti Angie Nixon ari zano rakaipa, kana kuti Darializa Avila Chevalier ari zano rakaipa, kana kuti Claire Valdez ari zano rakaipa, kana kuti Melat Kiros ari zano rakaipa, kana … kudzokera kubasa ravo guru, chishamiso chavo chimwe chete, kubva mumakore egoridhe a2020 apo maDem aya epakati akabatana kuti asarudze Joe Biden semhinduro yeDemocratic kuna Trump, kunyangwe vavhoti vaisamuda kana kumuvimba - hongu, tsika yekare yavari kuratidza nhasi: nei Bernie Sanders ari zano rakaipa.
Saka mamiriro ezvinhu panyaya yaHakeem Jeffries yandiri kuedza kudzokera pano ndeekuti, kana usingazive, uye ndinovimba kuti vanhu vanoteerera podcast iyi vanobva kumativi ese epasi uye havafanirwe kutarisa mwaka wesarudzo usina kunaka pano muUSA kwandinogara uye wakazara nekushambadzira kwezvematongerwo enyika - kungave uchitevera izvi kana kwete, kwave nekuchinja kwakanaka kune vakwikwidzi vePalestine vanokunda ma primaries munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeUnited States. Zvino ndinofanira kutaura kuti, kana wezvematongerwo enyika akanaka saAbdul El-Sayed akakunda ma primaries mudunhu reMichigan, ini pachangu handifungi kuti mhedzisiro yesarudzo iyi inokosha. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti nekukunda ma primary Abdul El-Sayed anosimudzirwa kune imwe nzvimbo itsva, uye vanhu pasi rese vachatanga kunzwa Abdul El-Sayed, uye icho chinhu chakanaka kwazvo, nekuti mutauri akanaka ane zvinhu zvakawanda zvekuchenjera zvekutaura. Saka handisi kungoti achakunda musarudzo yake yeSeneti here kana kuti kwete - chero zvodini, atoita mutsauko mukuru nekuratidza kuti AIPAC haigone kugara ichichinja sarudzo nekuderedza mamiriyoni emadhora kuti itsigire imwe nzira yepuppet, kunyangwe AIPAC yakabudirira mune izvi kakawanda kupfuura zvayakundikana.
Mangwanani akatevera kukunda kwaAbdul El-Sayed muMichigan Senate primary, hongu vanoendesa Hakeem Jeffries kumapepanhau emangwanani kuti vapinde muparade, izvo zvisina musoro, handiti, nekuti Hakeem Jeffries anofanirwa kunge ari mutungamiri webato Abdul achangobva kuva mukwikwidzi wake - huh - zvakanaka, iye mutungamiri mukutsvaga mari, ndizvozvo zvechokwadi. Ehe, Jeffries anoseka maitiro aEl-Sayed ane njodzi kuIsrael - asi handizvo nhema huru dzandiri kutarisana nadzo izvozvi, nekuti tese tinoziva panguva ino, ndinotarisira, kuti inhema huru. Hakeem Jeffries anoenderera mberi oisa pfungwa dzake pane imwe tsika yekare: anoti kana vakwikwidzi vakaita saBrad Landers, Abdul El-Sayed kana Darializa Avila Chevalier vakahwina primary, imhaka yekuti vavhoti vane ropafadzo, vekukoreji, vasiri vekuAmerica vakavavhotera. Vanhu vanofambira mberi vanongova varungu vane rombo rakanaka - iyi ndiyo nhema huru inozivikanwa, inogara ichidzokororwa kwese kwese, yandinoda kugumisa podcast iyi ndichitaura nezvayo, nekuti iyi inhema huru pamusoro pangu, kuti ndini ani, uye kuti shamwari dzangu nevandinoshanda navo pamwe nevamwe vanotsigira zvematongerwo enyika ndivanaani.
Ndiri pano kuti nditaure nhema dzekuti vanhu vanofambira mberi muUSA vane rombo rakanaka, vane hunyanzvi, vakapfuma kana kuti havazivi "vanhu vekuAmerica vakajairwa" kupfuura vanhu vane zvematongerwo enyika. Chokwadi chakasiyana zvachose.
Kunyangwe zviri zvenhema, nhema idzi dzinowanzo rova uye dzinomisa vanhu vanofambira mberi, nekuti nhema dzinorova padanho rekupomera munhu dzine simba guru. Hapana anoda kunzi ane ropafadzo. Asi chokwadi ndechekuti, vanhu vakaita seni, zvinogona kureva vanhu vanogara kuQueens kana kuBrooklyn, kana maJuda epakati kana maCatholic anobva kumhuri dzechizvarwa chechipiri kana chechitatu, kana vanhu vanongoenda kumakoreji anodhura uye vanoshanda nesimba kuti vawane raramo - hongu, tinowanzova vanhu vanofambira mberi, asi hatiwanzove vapfumi. Asi vamwe vanhu vazhinji muUSA vapfumi. Vane maMcMansions makuru nemaakaundi makuru ebhangi uye vanoenda kuzvikoro zvepamusoro, uye izvi hazvisi maCoaster ekumabvazuva emaguta kana maCoaster ekumavirira asi panzvimbo pevavhoti vaTrump vakanyengerwa nepfungwa nemakumi emakore apfuura eRush Limbaugh neFox News zvekuti havatombozivi kuti vapfumi, vapfumi, havachazivani neboka revashandi. Ingotarisai nhamba dzese - kune vanhu vakawanda vakapfuma vanochengetedza tsika dzekare vakagara nhaka mari yavo kana kuti vakaita kuti iwane mari kubva muinishuwarenzi yehutano kana zvombo kana mari yekubiridzira kana kumatare edzimhosva ane huori, uye vanhu ava vanogara muUSA yese.
Nyaya iyi - nyaya yekusagadzikana, nhema dzekuti vanhu vanofambira mberi vane rombo rakanaka uye vanhu vanochengetedza magariro avo havana, zvechokwadi ine midzi yakadzika, pamwe ichidzokera kuvanhu vemumaguta nevanhu vekumaruwa vari kurwira simba munharaunda dzakasiyana dzekare. Asi chero mamiriro ezvinhu iwayo ekare, handifungi kuti maitiro acho anoshanda kune nzanga nhasi. Kutaura zvazviri, kwave nekusarongeka kwehupfumi munyika dzakadai seUSA, uye hupfumi hwakanyanya huri kuungana pamusoro, handifungi kuti zvichaitika kuvanhu vakaita seni vanoshanda mabasa emasikati uye vanogara mumaguta. Ndinofunga kuti zvichaitika kuvanhu vari kunze kwemaguta, uye kune nharaunda dzakawanda dziri kunze uko nenzvimbo dzakawanda dzegorofu, uye nharaunda dzakawanda dzakavharirwa - musaita kuti nditange kutaura nezveAmerica yerusaruraganda zvakare.
Zvinondisvota kana ndichinzi ndiri munhu ane rombo rakanaka, uye pamwe ndosaka ndakaedza kupindura mubvunzo wekuti pfuma yakawanda uye elitism inowanikwa kupi muAmerica ndichishandisa nhamba, uye ndakazvidzidzawo pachangu. Ndine shamwari dzakasiyana-siyana dzepaFacebook, dzinofambidzana mumakumi emakore apfuura uye zvikoro zvakawanda zvekare nemabasa nenzvimbo dzandakagara. Ndine shamwari dzinochengetedza tsika uye shamwari dzinofambira mberi. Ndinewo shamwari dzakawanda dzakavhiringidzika, dzakashamisika nezviri kuitika kuAmerica, dzimwe nguva dzichidzokera mukusaziva nhau nekuti hadzigoni kubata chokwadi chekuti hurumende yedu yaora sei. Ndinoona kuti pane zvakawanda zviri kuitika mumakore mashoma apfuura. Zvisinei, pfungwa ndeyekuti, ndine shamwari dzakasiyana-siyana dzine maonero ezvematongerwo enyika pasocial media.
Saka ndakatanga kuona kuti: ishamwari dzangu dzinochengetedza magariro evanhu kana kuti dzinosimudzira magariro evanhu dzinoita sedzinotyaira maSUV makuru uye dzine dzimba hombe mumaguta emuno uye dzinoratidza mbatya dzinodhura uye zvinhu zvinodhura? Mhinduro yacho yakadzoka zvakajeka uye zvakajeka. Shamwari dzangu dzinosimudzira magariro evanhu dzinowanzova nemari shoma pane shamwari dzangu dzinochengetedza magariro evanhu. Ndinotenda kuti izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti tsika dzinosimudzira magariro evanhu hadzienderane nekuwana pfuma. Zvinoda kushanda nesimba kuti uwane pfuma uye urambe wakapfuma, uye vanhu vane pfungwa dzinosimudzira magariro evanhu vanowanzo sarudza kutarisa pazvinangwa zvehupenyu zvine hutano panzvimbo pezvo.
Shamwari dzangu dzinofambira mberi dzakaendawo kuzvikoro zvisina vanhu vakawanda uye dzine mabasa mashoma epamusoro pane shamwari dzangu dzinochengetedza tsika, uye vana vavo vanoendawo kuzvikoro zvisina vanhu vakawanda. Ndasvika pakugumisa kuti inhema huru kuti vanhu vanofambira mberi vanomiririra chero rudzi rwevanhu vane hunyanzvi muUnited States, kunyangwe ndichifunga kuti pangave nevamwe vanhu vane hunyanzvi vakapfuma kwazvo kunze uko vakapfumawo, asi kunyangwe zvakadaro, kunyangwe ndichigara muNew York, uye ndakaenda kukoreji uye ndiri muJudha - mazwi ese ekuti "vane rombo rakanaka" mumutauro wekuchengetedza tsika - ndinovimbisa kuti handizivi munhu ari muzvikamu izvi zvevapfumi, uye handikokwe kumapati epamusoro. Dzimwe dzeshamwari dzangu dzakapfuma dzinochengetedza tsika dziri muNew Jersey neTexas neNorth Carolina neCalifornia neOklahoma? Vangave vachikokwa kumapati epamusoro. Vangave vasinganyatsonzwisisa matambudziko evanhu venguva dzose.
Ndichakuudza chimwe chinhu chandinofunga nezvemanzwiro ako kupomerwa mhosva yekusaziva kana ndisiri munhu wepamusoro - uye ndinoziva kuti ndiri kutaura-taura pano muchikamu chino chepodcast, pamwe nekuti kune kusawirirana kukuru munyika mazuva ano uye zvaiita sepfungwa yakanaka kuti ndingopedza chikamu chimwe chete ndichisvetuka-svetuka pazvinhu zvinopisa, saka heino imwe nyaya yekupedzisira inopisa. Ndakakomborerwa kuti ndinobva mumhuri yakakura uye ine hukama. Hatigari tichiwirirana mumhuri yangu, chokwadi hatigari tichibvumirana nezvezvematongerwo enyika kana chitendero kana mimhanzi, asi tinoramba tiri pamwe chete, uye izvi zvakandibatsira muhupenyu hwangu. Vanhu vashoma mumhuri yangu vakapfuma, uye hama shoma dzandinadzo dzine mari ndidzo dzakatambura kuchikoro chekurapa kana chikoro chemutemo kuti dzisvike ikoko. Hapana mumwe wedu akambowana mari yemahara kana mari yetrust. Handizivi kuti trust fund chii, kunyangwe ndichinzwa chirevo ichi kakawanda. Vazhinji vehama dzangu neshamwari dzangu vanorarama nemari yemuhoro, uye vazhinji vedu tinogona kusiyiwa kure nebhiri rekurapa chero nguva. Handifungi kuti takafanana nevanhu vane mukurumbira vasingazivikanwi vanonzi naHakeem Jeffries ndivo musimboti wesangano rinofambira mberi.
Kunyange zvakadaro, nekuti ndakakomborerwa kuva nemhuri yepedyo, uye shamwari dzangu dzichiona kuti ndakakomborerwa kuva nerutsigiro rwemhuri yepedyo, izvi zvinoita kuti vanhu vafunge kuti tine ropafadzo. Ndinofunga kuti iropafadzo kuva mumhuri yepedyo, kunyangwe tisiri vapfumi uye tisina mukana wekuwana simba. Uye ndinofunga kuti vanhu vane tsika dzinofambira mberi vanowanzova netsika dzakasimba dzemhuri, pamwe netsika dzekuumba hukama hwepedyo neshamwari, nekuti network dzeshamwari dzinotsigira dzakafanana nenetwork dzemhuri dzinotsigira. Saka pamwe ndicho chikonzero nei dzimwe nguva vanhu vachifunga kuti vanhu vanofambira mberi vane ropafadzo, nekuti tine network dzemhuri neshamwari dzinotsigira. Ndinovimba munhu wese anoziva kuti ichi ndicho chinhu chakakosha muhupenyu hunofadza - kuva nehukama hwakasimba nehama neshamwari. Kana paine munhu anofunga kuti chinhu chakakosha muhupenyu hunofadza mari - munhu iyeye angangove asiri hama yangu kana shamwari yangu yakanaka. Uye ndinofunga kuti chero munhu anofunga kuti mari inokosha kupfuura hukama haana kuchenjera zvakakwana kuti ateerere World BEYOND War chikamu chepodcast chero.
Zvese izvi zvinondidzosera kuopera. Nguva pfupi yadarika ndaiva munzvimbo yekupaka mota nevanhu vanobva kune imwe yemakambani eopera andakaita navo mumakore mashoma apfuura. Uye ndakaona kuti munhu wese aityaira mota yakafa, maSUV mashoma, maBMW kana maLexus, chokwadi hapana maCybertrucks. Uyezve, hapana airatidzika kunyara kuti tese taiti zvakanaka tichipinda mumota dzedu dzakafa. Pamwe vamwe vevaimbi veopera vapfumi vega - handizivi - asi ndinoziva kuti munhu ane hanya nemari haazove nehunhu hunofarira kudzidzira nekuimba opera. Uye ndakanyemwerera ndega ndikafunga, ndosaka ndichigara nevaimbi veopera. Uye iyi imhuriwo. Uye ndosaka ndichigara nevanotsigira runyararo, uye iyi imhuriwowo. Iropafadzo yekukwanisa kuimba kana kuratidzira nevanhu vanoshanda nesimba kuti vawane raramo, uye vanokoshesa zvese zvavanazvo. Iyi ndiyo mhando yeropafadzo yandinokoshesa - uye iyi imhando yeropafadzo isina chekuita nepfuma kana kuzvikudza kana mari. Ndinofunga kuti vazhinji vevamwe vangu vanofambira mberi uye vanorwisa hondo vane ropafadzo nenzira iyi, uye ndinoziva kuti tese takakomborerwa sei kuva nebudiriro iyi muhupenyu hwedu.
Saka ndangotaura zvakawanda, asi ndinofunga kuti ndine zvimwe zvekutaura pano nhasi, uye ndakakwanisa kutidzosera kwatakatangira. Saka pasina kumwe kunonoka, zvino zvatataura nezvedzimwe nhema dzakaipa, hutsinye uye makuhwa ari kupararira pasi rese izvozvi, heino rwiyo rune mukurumbira uye rwakakurumbira "La Calunnia e un Venticello" parekodhi yeruzhinji yakaimbwa nemuimbi weBulgaria Nicolai Ghiaurov neNaples Rossini Orchestra muna 1964, kubva kuopera yakanaka kwazvo "Il Barbiere Di Siviglia", "The Barber of Seville", imwe yemaopera maviri akazova katuni yeBugs Bunny. Ndichaisa mashoko acho muChirungu papeji rekuratidzira. Nakidzwa, uye ndichadzoka neimwe hurukuro mwedzi unouya.
Kunyepedzera kunonakidza zvishoma,
zephyr munyoro,
izvo zvisina musoro, zvine hungwaru,
zvishoma uye zvinotapira,
anotanga kutaura nenzwi guru.
Zvinyoro zvinyoro, pano neapo,
sottovoce, sibilant,
inofamba ichitsvedza, inofamba ichingotenderera.
Munzeve dzevanhu,
inopinda zvinyoro nyoro
uye musoro nepfungwa
inokatyamadza uye inozvimba.
Kubva mumuromo zvichibudazve
Ruzha rwunowedzera kukwira,
inounganidza simba zvishoma nezvishoma,
inotenderera kubva panzvimbo imwe kuenda kune imwe,
zvinoita sekunge kutinhira kwedutu
izvo kubva pasi pesango
anouya achiridza muridzo, achigunun'una,
vachiomesa munhu wese nechando nekutya.
Pakupedzisira nekutsemuka nekupwanyika,
inopararira kure, simba rayo rakawedzera kaviri,
uye inogadzira kuputika
sekunge pfuti inoputika,
kudengenyeka kwenyika, chamupupuri,
mhirizhonga huru,
izvo zvinoita kuti mhepo iite ruzha.
Uye murombo akatuka murombo,
kutuka, kutsikwa-tsikwa,
yakanyura pasi pekurohwa neveruzhinji,
nerombo rakanaka, anowira pakufa.
Mimhanzi: "La calunnia è un venticello" yakaimbwa naNicolai Ghiaurov pamwe neNaples Rossini Orchestra, 1964.
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