Na Guy Blaise Feugap, WBW Cameroon Coordinator, Nyamavhuvhu 5, 2021
Iyo Nhoroondo Sosi dzeZvino Zvinetso
Nyaya yakakosha yenhoroondo yakaratidza kupesana muCameroon yaive colonization (pasi peGerman, uyezve France neBritain). Kamerun yaive yeAfrica koloni yehumambo hweGerman kubva ku1884 kusvika 1916. Kutanga muna Chikunguru 1884, chii chinonzi Cameroon nhasi chave chikoloni cheGerman, Kamerun. Munguva yeHondo Yenyika I, maBritish akapinda muCameroon kubva kudivi reNigerian muna 1914 uye mushure meHondo Yenyika I, nyika iyi yakakamurwa pakati peUnited Kingdom neFrance pasi paJune 28, 1919 League of Nations mvumo. France yakagamuchira nzvimbo hombe yenzvimbo (French Cameroun) uye chimwe chikamu chinoganhurana neNigeria chakauya pasi peBritish (British Cameroons). Iyi mbiri yekugadzirisa inogadzira nhoroondo ingadai yakave hupfumi hwakawanda kuCameroon, zvikasadaro inofungidzirwa seAfrica mudiki nekuda kwenzvimbo yayo, zviwanikwa, mamiriro ayo emamiriro ekunze, nezvimwewo zvinosuwisa, zviri pakati pezvakakonzera makakatanwa.
Kubva kuzvitonga muna 1960, nyika yanga iine maPurezidhendi maviri chete, iyezvino ari kutonga kwemakore makumi matatu nemapfumbamwe kusvika pari zvino. Kufambira mberi kwenyika iyi yeCentral Africa kwakatadziswa nemakumi emakore ekutonga kwehutongi, kusaruramisira, nehuwori, izvo zviri zvimwe zvekunetsana munyika nhasi.
Kuwedzera kutyisidzira kurunyararo muCameroon
Kwemakore gumi apfuura, kusagadzikana kwezvematongerwo enyika nevemagariro kwakura zvakatsiga, kwakaratidzirwa nematambudziko mazhinji ane zvakawanda zvakakanganiswa munyika. Magandanga eBoko Haram akarwisa kuFar North; vazvipiri vari kurwisa mauto munzvimbo dzinotaura Chirungu; kurwira muCentral African Republic kwakatumira kupinda kwevapoteri kuMabvazuva; iyo nhamba IDPs (Vemukati Vakadzingwa Vanhu) yakawedzera mumatunhu ese kuunza hukama hwehukama hwehukama; ruvengo pakati pevatsigiri vebato rezvematongerwo enyika riri kuwedzera; vechidiki vari kuitwa radicalized, mweya wekupandukira uri kukura sekuramba kwemhirizhonga yenyika; zvombo zvidiki nezvombo zvidiki zvakawedzera; manejimendi eiyo Covid-19 denda inounza matambudziko; pamusoro pehutongi husina kunaka, kusarongeka kwenzanga, nehuwori. Rondedzero yacho inogona kuenderera mberi.
Matambudziko muNorth-West neSouth-West, nehondo yeBoko Haram muFar-North iri kupararira muCameroon, zvichikonzera kusagadzikana mumaguta makuru enyika (Yaoundé, Douala, Bafoussam). Zvino, maguta eWestern region ari pamuganhu weNorth-West anoita kunge ndiyo nyowani yekutariswa kwekuparadzanisa. Hupfumi hwenyika hwakaoma mitezo, uye iyo Far North, nzira huru yekutengeserana netsika, iri kurasikirwa nenzira yayo. Vanhu, kunyanya vechidiki, vari kudzipwa nemhirizhonga uye kusava nehanya nepfuti dzinouya nemhando yemabara epanyama, kukwana kana kuita kushoma kwehurumende, uye hurukuro dzinomonyanisa kana kuvharidzira budiriro ine chinangwa. Kugadziriswa kwehondo idzi kunononoka uye kunotambudzwa. Mhedzisiro yekukonana, kune rumwe rutivi, yakakura kwazvo. Pane chiitiko cheWorld Refugee Day, chakapembererwa June 20, Komisheni yekodzero dzevanhu muCameroon yakatanga chikumbiro chekubatsirwa mukutungamira kwevapoteri nemaIDP.
Izvi nezvimwe zvinotyisidzira runyararo zvakagadzirisa tsika dzevanhu, zvichipa zvakakosha uye kutarisisa kune avo vane simba rakawanda kana vanoshandisa kutaura kwakanyanya uye kuvenga kuburikidza neyakajairika uye enhau enhau. Vechidiki vari kubhadhara mutengo unorema nekuti ivo vari kutevedzera yakaipa mienzaniso yeavo vakambofungidzirwa sevatevedzeri. Mhirizhonga muzvikoro yakwira zvakanyanya.
Zvisinei nenyaya iyi, tinotenda kuti hapana chinopembedza kushandiswa kwesimba kana zvombo kupindura kumamiriro ezvinhu enhamo. Mhirizhonga inongowanda, ichiwedzera mhirizhonga.
Idzo dzichangoburwa Dziviriro Dziviriro muCameroon
Hondo muCameroon dzinokanganisa Far North, North West, uye South West. Ivo vanokuvadza nzanga yeCameroonia ine hutu hunokatyamadza hwevanhu.
Kurwiswa kwegandanga neBoko Haram muCameroon kwakatanga muna2010 uye kuchiri kuenderera mberi. Muna Chivabvu 2021, huwandu hwemagandanga hwakapinda neBoko Haram hwakabata nzvimbo yekuFar North. Munguva ye incursions, kupamba, hutsinye, uye kurwiswa neBoko Haram jihadists vakatora vangangoita gumi nevashanu vakaurayiwa. Munzvimbo yeSoueram, nhengo nhatu dzeBoko Haram dzakaurayiwa nemauto ekudzivirira eCameroonia; munhu mumwe akaurawa musi waMay 6 muna Kurwisa kweBoko Haram; vamwe vanhu vaviri vakaurayiwa mune imwe kurwisa musi waMay 16; uye pazuva rimwe chete iri muGoldavi muMayo-Moskota Division, magandanga mana akauraiwa nemauto. Musi waMay 25, 2021, zvichitevera a tsvaira mumusha weNgouma (Nzvimbo yekuchamhembe kweCameroon), vasungwa vakati wandei vakasungwa, kusanganisira mupambi aipomerwa aive muboka revanhu vatanhatu vakapakata zvombo vaive nevane gumi nevaviri vakasungwa nemidziyo yechiuto. Nekuramba kuri kuitika kwemagandanga nekurwiswa, misha gumi nemashanu muFar North inonzi iri kutyisidzirwa nekutsakatika.
Kubva payakatanga mu2016, iyo inonzi dambudziko reAnglophone yakakonzera kufa kwevanhu vanopfuura zviuru zvitatu uye vanhu vanopfuura miriyoni imwe vakapoterwa mukati menyika (IDPs) maererano nemaNGO emuno neekunze. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kusachengeteka kuri kukura munyika yese, kusanganisira kuwedzera kwekushandisa zvisirizvo kwepfuti. Muna 3,000, kurwiswa nemapoka akazvimiririra akazvimiririra akawedzera munzvimbo dzinotaura Chirungu kuNorth West neSouth West. Vanenge makumi mashanu evagari vemauto nemauto mune akasiyana maitiro echisimba akanyorwa.
Hurumende yakakonzera kusagadzikana uku payakatanga kudzvanyirira magweta nevadzidzisi vaida kubatanidzwa zvizere kwemaanglophones muhurumende. Izvo zvakakurumidza kuve zvakanyanyisa kuda nyika yakaparadzaniswa kumatunhu eanglophone. Kubva ipapo, kuyedza kugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu kwakadzorwa nguva nenguva, kunyangwe paine kuyedza kuunza runyararo, kusanganisira "Major National Dialogue" yakaitwa muna 2019. Kune vazhinji vacherechedzi izvi hazvina kumbofanirwa kuve hurukuro chaiyo sezvo vatambi vakuru vaive haana kukokwa.
Mumwedzi chete waMay 2021, dambudziko rakatora hupenyu hunosvika makumi matatu, kusanganisira vanhuwo zvavo, mauto, uye vanoparadzanisa. On husiku hwaApril 29-30, 2021, mauto mana akaurayiwa, mumwe akakuvadzwa, uye zvombo uye yunifomu dzechiuto zvakatorwa. Vakaparadzanisa varwi vakanga varwisa gendarmerie post kuti vasunungure vamwe vavo vatatu vakabatwa muchitokisi imomo mushure mekusungwa. Mutambo wakaenderera mberi muna Chivabvu 6 (maererano ne8pm nhau dzeEquinox TV) nekubiwa kwevashandi vatanhatu vemataundi muBamenda mudunhu reNorth West. Musi waMay 20, a Mupristi weKaturike anonzi akabiwa. Pazuva rimwe chete, magazini yeAmerican Foreign Policy yakazivisa kumuka kwechisimba munzvimbo dzinotaura Chirungu muCameroon semhedzisiro ye mubatanidzwa pakati pemasangano ekuparadzanisa kubva kuNorth-West neSouth-West nevaya vanobva mudunhu reBiafra muSouth-East Nigeria. Dzinoverengeka vaparadzanisi vanonzi vakasungwa nemauto ekudzivirira mudhorobha reKumbo (North West dunhu), uye otomatiki zvombo uye zvinodhaka zvinokandwa. Munharaunda imwe chete, musi waMay 25, 4 gendarmes akaurayiwa neboka revaparadzanisi. Mamwe masoja maviri aive vakaurayiwa mukuputika kwemugodhi nevaiparadzanisa muEkondo-TiTi munzvimbo yeSouth West muna Chivabvu 26. Musi waMay 31, vanhu vaviri (vakapomerwa kutengesa) vakaurayiwa uye vamwe vaviri vakakuvara kurwisa pabhawa nevarwi vekuparadzanisa muKombou, kuMadokero kwenyika. MunaJune 2021, mushumo unonyora kuti vashanu vemauto vakaurawa uye vashandi vatanhatu vehurumende vakatorwa, kusanganisira mumwe akaurayiwa muchitokisi. Musi waJune 1, 2021, mupristi weKaturike akabiwa musi waMay 20 akaburitswa.
Hondo iyi iri kuramba ichiwedzera zuva nezuva, iine hunyanzvi hwekurwisa nehutsinye; munhu wese anokanganiswa, kubva kumugari mudiki kusvika kune vehutungamiriri nevezvitendero. Hapana anopunyuka pakurwiswa. Mumwe mupristi anga akachengetwa nekuda kwekubatana nevanozviparadzanisa akamira kechipiri pamberi pedare remauto munaJune 8 uye akaburitswa mubhero. Kurwiswa nemapurisa maviri akakuvara uye vamwe vakaurayiwa vasingazivikanwe zvakanyorwa June 14 muMuea muSouth West. Musi waJune 15, Vashandi vehurumende vatanhatu (Chikamu chevamiriri vemapazi) vakatorwa muEkondo III sub-division muSouth-West uko mumwe wavo akaurayiwa nevanozviparadzanisa avo vaida rudzikunuro rwemakumi mashanu emamiriyoni eCFA mafranc kuti asunungurwe mamwe mashanu. Musi waChikumi 50, an kurwisa pane gendarmerie positi muKumba nevanozviparadzanisa vakanyorwa nekukuvara kukuru kwezvinhu. Varwi vashanu vakaurayiwa nevaparadzanisi musi waJune 22.
Mimwe Mhinduro Dzazvino kuDambudziko
Kutengesa zvisiri pamutemo uye kuwanda kwezvimwe pfuti zvinowedzera kukakavara. Ministry of Territorial Administration inoshuma kuti huwandu hwepfuti dziri kutenderera munyika hunodarika huwandu hwe marezinesi epfuti akapihwa. Zvinoenderana nezviverengero zvemakore matatu apfuura, 85% yezvombo zviri munyika hazvisi pamutemo. Kubva ipapo, hurumende yakaisa zviremera zvakaomarara zvekuwana zvombo. Muna Zvita 2016, mutemo mutsva wakagamuchirwa paRegime yeArms neAmunition.
PaJune 10, 2021, Mutungamiri weRepublic akasainira a chirevo chekugadza Veruzhinji Kuzvimirira Vanogadzirisa kuNorth West neSouth West. Mukuona kwevanhu, danho iri rinoramba riine nharo uye richishoropodzwa (sekukwikwidzwa kwaMauto National Dialogue ya2019); vazhinji vanodavira kuti kusarudzwa kweVayananisi kunofanira kubva mukubvunzana kwenyika, kusanganisira kubatanidzwa kwevakabatwa mukukonana. Vanhu vachiri kumirira zviito kubva kuConciliators izvo zvinotungamira kurunyararo.
Musi waChikumi, 14 na15, 2021, musangano wekutanga wegore negore weMagavhuna eCameroon wakaitwa. Pachiitiko ichi, Gurukota reMatunhu Ekutonga rakaunganidza maGavhuna ematunhu. Panguva yekutora mamiriro ezvekuchengetedza, vatungamiriri vemusangano uye Delegate General weNational Security, vaiita kunge vane chinangwa chekuratidzira kuti mamiriro ezvekuchengetedza munyika ari pasi pesimba. Ivo vakaratidza kuti hapasisinazve njodzi dzakakomba, chete mamwe madiki ezvekuchengetedza matambudziko. Pasina kunonoka, mapoka ane zvombo akarwisa guta reMuea kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero nzvimbo.
Pazuva rimwe chete, chikamu cheCameroon cheWomen's International League yerunyararo nerusununguko (WILPF Cameroon) yakabata musangano sechikamu cheprojekti ku zvinopesana nemauto echisimba. Iyi semusangano yakaratidza zviremera zvine chekuita nemhando dzakasiyana dzehurume dzinochengetedza mhirizhonga munyika. Sekureva kweWILPF Cameroon, zvakakosha kuti vakuru vehurumende vazive kuti kugadzirisa kwavo matambudziko kwakakonzera mhirizhonga. Mashoko aya akasvika kuvakuru ava kuburikidza nekuburitswa kwenhepfenyuro nevateveri vepamusoro-soro venyika vanotevera. Semhedzisiro yemusangano, isu tinofungidzira kuti vanopfuura miriyoni imwe vekuCamerooni vakakurudzirwa zvisina kunangana nekukanganisa kwemauto echirume.
WILPF Cameroon yakagadzirawo chikuva chevakadzi veCameroon kuti vapinde munhaurirano yenyika. Cameroon ye World Beyond War chikamu chekomiti inotungamira. Iyo chikuva chemasangano zana nemakumi manonwe akaburitsa Memorandamu uye Gweta Rokureverera, uyewo a Statement iyo inoratidza kudiwa kwekuburitswa kwevasungwa vezvematongerwo enyika uye kubata nhaurirano yechokwadi uye inobatanidza yenyika inosanganisira mapato ese. Uye zvakare, boka re vakadzi makumi maviri CSO / NGO nevamwe vatungamiriri vezvematongerwo enyika vakasaina nekuburitsa tsamba mbiri kumasangano epasi rose (UN Security Council neInternational Monetary Fund) ichivakurudzira kuti vamanikidze hurumende yeCameroonia kuti igadzirise dambudziko reAnglophone uye ivimbise hutongi huri nani.
WBW Cameroon Maonero Ekutyisidzira Runyararo
WBW Cameroon iboka revaCamerooni vanoshanda pamwechete kutsvaga mhinduro nyowani kumatambudziko akareba. VaCamerooni vanga vachisangana nematambudziko aya kwemakumi mashoma apfuura, uye vakatungamira nyika mukukonana uye kurasikirwa nehupenyu hwevanhu. WBW Cameroon yakavambwa munaNovember 2020, zvichitevera kuchinjana nevazhinji vanoita rugare murunyararo pasirese, kunyanya pane dzimwe nzira dzekumanikidza senzira yekugadzirisa kusawirirana. MuCameroon, WBW inoshanda kusimbisa maacgtions evanozvipira vanoomerera kuchiratidzo chekuvaka zvakare runyararo kuburikidza nenzira dzisiri dzechisimba chete, asi dzinodzidzisawo runyararo rusingaperi. Nhengo dzeWBW Cameroon ndidzo dzaimbova nhengo dzemamwe masangano, uye zvakare vechidiki vanobatanidzwa kekutanga mune iri basa rinobatsira pakuvaka nzanga ine runyararo.
MuCameroon, WBW iri kushingairira mukumisikidzwa kwenzvimbo kweUNSCR 1325 inotungamirwa neWILPF Cameroon. Nhengo dziri chikamu chekomiti inotungamira yeCSOs inoshanda panhamba 1325. Kubva munaZvita 2020 kusvika Kurume 2021 nekutungamira kweWILPF Cameroon, nhengo dzeWBW dzakaitisa nhaurirano dzenyika dzakawanda kusimudzira mazano akasimbiswa kuHurumende, kuitira kuti vagadzire chizvarwa chechipiri chiri nani National Action Plan yeUNSCR 1325. Kuvaka pane imwecheteyo yekumirira modhi, Cameroon ye World Beyond War yakariita chikamu chehurongwa hwayo kusimudzira UN Resolution 2250 paVechidiki, Runyararo, uye Chengetedzo, sechishandiso chinogona kudzora kutora mukana kwevechidiki mumaitiro erunyararo, sezvatakaona kuti vashoma vechidiki muCameroon vanoziva mabasa avanofanira kuita. tambai sevatambi verunyararo. Ndosaka isu takabatana neWILPF Cameroon pa14th Chivabvu 2021 kudzidzisa vechidiki makumi matatu pane ino ajenda.
Sechikamu chedu chirongwa chedzidzo yerunyararo, WBW yakasarudza timu yeprojekti ichatora chikamu mu Runyararo Dzidzo uye Chiito cheImpact Chirongwa, iyo yakagadzirirwa kupa kurukurirano yemunharaunda yerunyararo. Uyezve, Cameroon ye World Beyond War yakagadzira chirongwa chakanangana nevadzidzisi uye vana vechikoro kuti vagadzire mhando nyowani dzinogona kushandiswa neruzhinji sereferenzi. Zvichakadaro, a social media Campaign yekumisa mhirizhonga kuchikoro yanga ichienderera mberi kubva Chivabvu 2021.
Tichifunga nezvematambudziko edu, WILPF Cameroon neCameroon kwe World BEYOND War, Vechidiki veRunyararo uye NND Mhedzisiro, vafunga kuumba vechidiki "Runyararo Kufuridzira" pakati pevezera ravo, kunyanya, uye pakati pevashandisi vezvemagariro munharaunda. Kuti izvi zviitike, vechidiki vanyaradzi vakakurudzira vakadzidziswa musi waChikunguru 18, 2021. 40 majaya nemhandara, vadzidzi veyunivhesiti nenhengo dzemasangano evagari vevanhu, vakadzidza maturakiti ekutaurirana edhijitari. Nharaunda yevechidiki yakazoumbwa uye ichashandisa ruzivo rwakawanikwa kumhanyisa mishandirapamwe, nezvinangwa zvekutaurirana senge kukurudzira vechidiki panjodzi dzekutaura kweruvengo, maturusi epamutemo ekudzvinyirira kutaura kweruvengo muCameroon, njodzi pamwe nekukanganisa kutaura kweruvengo , nezvimwe. Kuburikidza nemishandirapamwe iyi, vachishandisa masocial network, vanozoshandura hunhu hwevechidiki, kunyanya, pamusiyano wetsika, varatidze zvakanakira kusiyana kwetsika, uye nekukurudzira kugara pamwe chete. Zvinoenderana nemaonero edu erunyararo dzidzo, Cameroon ye World Beyond War inotarisira kuunganidza zviwanikwa kuti zvipe vechidiki ava rovedzo yekuwedzera kuti vagone kuvepo kwavo pasocial network kuti rubatsiro rwerunyararo.
WBW Cameroon Yenyika Dzese Kutarisana
Isu tinoshanda muCameroon uye, panguva imwechete, yakavhurika zvachose inosanganisira iyo yese Africa. Isu tinodada kuve chitsauko chekutanga cheWBW mukondinendi. Kunyangwe hazvo matambudziko achisiyana kubva kune imwe nyika kuenda kune imwe, chinangwa chinoramba chakangofanana: kudzikamisa mhirizhonga uye kushandira kubatana pamwe kwenzanga. Kubva pakutanga, isu takabatana mukubatana nevamwe vamiriri verunyararo mukondinendi. Parizvino, takataurirana nevamiriri verunyararo kubva kuGhana, Uganda, neAlgeria avo vakaratidza kufarira zano rekugadzira WBW Africa network.
Kuzvipira kwedu kwepasi rose kuita musangano weNorth-South-South-North nhaurirano yekuvandudza hukama pakati penyika dze Africa, South yepasi rose, uye nyika dzakasimukira. Tinotarisira kuvaka North-South-South-North network kuburikidza neInternational Peace Factory Wanfried inova sangano risingabatsiri yakazvipira kuzadzikisa UN Charter uye Universal Declaration yeKodzero dzevanhu. Networking yakakosha pakuti inogona kushanda senzira yekutarisa izvo zvazviri kuchamhembe nekumaodzanyemba nerunyararo neruramisiro. Kana iyo yekuchamhembe kana yekumaodzanyemba inodzivirirwa nekusaenzana uye kukakavara, uye ese maodzanyemba nemaodzanyemba ari muchikepe chimwe chete icho chiri kutungamira mukuwedzera ruvengo nemhirizhonga.
Boka rakatsunga kuputsa zvipingamupinyi rinofanirwa kuita zviito pamwe chete. Izvi zvinosanganisira kugadzira uye kuita mapurojekiti ane zviito zvinoitika munyika medu uye pasirese pasirese. Tinofanira kupokana nevatungamiriri vedu nekudzidzisa vanhu vedu.
MuCameroon, WBW inotarisira mberi kumapurojekiti epasirese akaumbwa mune yazvino mamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika akaratidzirwa ne imperialism yenyika dzakasimba kukuvadza kodzero dzevasina kudzivirirwa zvakanyanya. Uye, kunyangwe mumatunhu anoonekwa sevasina kusimba uye varombo seCameroon nematare mazhinji eAfrica, vane rombo rakanyanya vanoshanda chete kuti vave nechokwadi chekuchengetedzeka kwavo, zvekare zvichishayisa vanotambura zvakanyanya. Pfungwa yedu ndeyekuita mushandirapamwe wepasi rose pazvinhu zvakakosha, sverunyararo neruramisiro, izvo zvinogona kupa tariro kune vasina kusimba. Mumwe muenzaniso weprojekti yepasirese yakadaro yakatangwa naJeremy Corbyn mukutsigira vanotsvaga ruramisiro. Rutsigiro rwakakura rwezviitwa zvakadaro zvinokanganisa zvisarudzo zvevatungamiriri uye kugadzira nzvimbo kune avo vanowanzo vasina mukana wekutaura zvavanotya nezvinonetsa. Padanho reAfrican neCameroonia, kunyanya, zvirongwa zvakadaro zvinopa huremo uye maonero epasirese kuzviito zvevatsigiri vemunharaunda izvo zvinogona kuteedzera kupfuura kwavo nharaunda. Isu tinotenda, nokudaro, kuti nekushanda muchirongwa sebazi re World Beyond War, isu tinogona kubatsira kuunza kutarisisa kune dzakatarisika nyaya dzeruramisiro munyika medu.
