Runyararo FOUNDATION KOMITI YEKUDZIDZA KUNYANYA KUNA MUKURU KUSHANDISWA RE ROCKET LAB
Kuna Mutungamiriri weNew Zealand, Paramende Imba, Wellington
Re: mhinduro yehurumende kutsamba yedu kuna Mutungamiriri weKurume 1, 2021, nezve kutyisidzira kuchengetedzwa kweNew Zealand, hutongi uye zvido zvemunyika zvichikonzerwa nezviitiko zvekutanga nzvimbo.
Dear Prime Minister,
Ndinokutendai neshoko renyu rinobvuma kutambirwa kwetsamba yedu yaKurume 1, 2021. Tinobvumawo mhinduro kumutsamba yedu yatambirwa kubva kuna Gurukota rezvekudzivirirwa kwezvombo nekutonga kwemaoko Hon. Phil Twyford (8 Kubvumbi) uye Gurukota rezvehupfumi nedunhu Development, Hon. Stuart Nash (14 Kubvumbi). Tiri kupindura idzi tsamba uye kune zvimwe zvirevo zvehurumende nezvenyaya iyi pamwe chete.
Tinoramba tichinetseka zvakanyanya kuti Hurumende yeNew Zealand (NZG) yakabvumidza Rocket Lab kuvhura payunitsi yeGunsmoke-J, kugonesa US Army Space neMissile Defense Command kuvandudza zvombo zvehondo. Isu tinosheedzera zvakare kuti NZG imbomisa, nekukasira, kupihwa marezinesi kune ese Rocket Lab ekubhadhara kune chero vatengi vemauto, zvichimirira kuongororwa kwakazara kweOuter Space uye High-altitude Activities (OSHAA) Act 2017 neparamende yekutarisa. New Zealand haidi kubvumidza zviri pamutemo uye zvehunhu kupokana mubhadharo wemauto kuitira kuti indasitiri yemuchadenga ibudirire.
Tinotarisira kubvunzurudzwa kwedu paongororo iri kuuya yekushanda pamwe nekubudirira kweOHAHAA Act, uye kutsvaga vimbiso yekuti kubatanidzwa neruzhinji kwevanhu mukuwongorora uku kuchaitika.
Zvatinonetseka, zvinotsanangurwa pazasi, ndeizvi:
Rocket Lab iri kukwevera New Zealand muwebhu yeUS nzvimbo-yakavakirwa kurwa zvirongwa uye kugona izvo zvinowedzera kusagadzikana kwepasi rose uye kusavimbana, uye kunokanganisa yedu yakazvimirira New Zealand yekune dzimwe nyika mutemo.
Rocket Lab iri kuita kuti Mahia Peninsula ive mukana wevapikisi veUS, uye Mahia mana whenua vanotenda kuti Rocket Lab yakavatsausa nezvedanho remauto rezvimwe zvezviitiko zvaro.
Isu tinopokana zvakasimba pfungwa yekuti zviri mukufarira kwenyika yeNew Zealand kubvumidza kuvhurwa kwema satellite ayo ane chinangwa chekuvandudza zvombo zvinonongedza kugona, kana kuti uku ndiko "runyararo" kushandiswa kwenzvimbo.
Chiyero chekuvanda chakakomberedza zvimwe zvezviitiko zveRocket Rock zvinopesana nemitemo yekuzvitonga kuzere uye inokanganisa kutenda kwevagari muhurumende
Nekuda kwehunyanzvi uye zvematongerwo enyika, kana satellite yangovhurwa, hazviite kuti NZG ione kuti mauto eUS anoishandisa chete pakudzivirira, kuchengetedza kana mashandiro ehungwaru ari mukufarira kwenyika yeNew Zealand. Semuenzaniso, inotevera software yekugadzirisa inogona kushayisa chirevo cheNZG kuti inogona kuona kuti satellites yakatangwa neRocket Lab inoenderana neNew Zealand Nuclear Free Zone Act 1987.
Rocket Lab iri kukwevera New Zealand muzvirongwa zvemauto eUS uye kugona
Tiri kunetsekana zvakanyanya, uye tichipesana, nezviitiko zvinoitwa neRocket Rock - kunyanya kuvhurwa kwekutaurirana kwemauto eUS, kuongorora uye kunongedza satellites, kungave kuri kusimudzira kana kushanda - kuri kukwevera New Zealand mukati mewebhu yeUS. nzvimbo-yakavakirwa kurwa zvirongwa uye kugona.
Izvi zvinokanganisa mutemo weNew Zealand wakazvimiririra wezvekunze uye zvinomutsa mubvunzo wekuti isu, sevanhu veNew Zealand, takadzika sei kupinda muchiuto cheUS. Huwandu hwakakosha hwevaNew Zealand, kunyanya veko vanobva kuMahia Peninsula, vari kunetsekana nenyaya iyi. Sekutaura kweRNZ, "Mabhodhi emabhodhi akakwira akatenderedza [Mahia] achiti:" Hapana mauto anotakura. Haere Atu (enda) Rocket Lab ””.
Mutsamba yedu yekutanga, takasimudza kunetseka nezve 2016 NZ-US Technology Kuchengetedza Chibvumirano (TSA). Iyo TSA inobvumidza Hurumende yeUS (USG) kubvumidza chero nzvimbo kuvhurwa kwenzvimbo kubva kuNZ ndima kana chero kuunzwa kwenzvimbo-kuvhura tekinoroji kuNZ, nekungozivisa kuti chiitiko chakadai hachizove mune zvido zveUS. Uku kubviswa kwechikamu asi kwakakosha kweNZ hutongi, iyo yakapihwa kubatsira kambani yakazvimiririra, yekune dzimwe nyika iyo yakagamuchira mari kubva kuRegional Growth Fund.
Kubva munaGunyana 2013, Rocket Lab rave ne100% US-muridzi. Iyo TSA yakasainwa mu2016 muchikamu chikuru kubvumidza Rocket Lab kuendesa inonzwisisika US rocket tekinoroji kuNew Zealand. Mune mamwe mazwi, nekusaina iyo TSA, iyo NZG yakapa hutongi hunoshanda pamusoro pese NZ nzvimbo-yekumisikidza zviitiko kuitira bhizimusi kubatsirwa kwe100% Kambani yeAmerica. Iyo kambani yava kuita mari nekubatsira mauto eUS kuvandudza nzvimbo-based warfighting kugona, kusanganisira zvombo zvinotarisa. Izvi zvinopesana nemutemo wakazvimirira weNZ wezvekunze uyo hurumende inoteedzera.
Isu hatizive chero mhinduro yeNZG kune kunetseka kwatakasimudza mune iyi nyaya. Tinokurudzira zvakare hurumende kuti ifunge zvekutaurirana zvakare TSA kuitira kuti ibvise chikamu chinopa USG hutongi hunobudirira pamusoro peNew Zealand nzvimbo-yekumisikidza zviitiko.
Rocket Lab iri kuita kuti Mahia ave mukana wekutarisana nevapikisi veUS
Zvakaitwa neRocket Rock izvozvi zvinoita kuti Mahia ave chinongedzo chevasori kana kurwiswa nevapikisi veUS senge China neRussia, nekuda kwezvikonzero zviviri. Kutanga, tekinoroji-kuvhurwa matekinoroji ari mune akawanda akakosha maficha akafanana neanokanda michina. Rocket Lab iri kushandisa yekucheka-kumucheto US roketi tekinoroji kuvhura mauto eUS satellites muchadenga kubva kuMahia - ndicho chikonzero nei iyo TSA yakatauriranwa. Kune vavengi veAmerica, pane musiyano mushoma pakati peizvozvo, nemauto eUS ane nzvimbo yekuparura chombo kuMahia Peninsula. Chechipiri, Rocket Lab iri kuvhura masetilaiti ayo anogona kubatsira US nemamwe mauto anotenga zvombo zveUS kuvandudza kutariswa kwezvombo izvi. Uye sekunyora nyanzvi yekudzivirira Paul Buchanan, kuvhura satellites seGunsmoke-J kunoisa New Zealand padhuze nekumagumo kweUS "ketani yekuuraya".
Zvakavanzika zvakawandisa nezve zviitiko zveRocket Lab zvinokanganisa kuzvidavirira kwevanhu
Musi wa24 Kubvumbi 2021, Gisborne Herald yakazivisa kuti yawana pre-launch chikumbiro cheRocket Lab's Gunsmoke-J payload, uye kuti mashanu kubva manomwe manomwe endima anopa ruzivo rwakanangana nezve mubhadharo akagadziriswa zvachose. Mufananidzo wakaburitswa neHerald (pazasi) unoratidza izvi zvinomiririrwa ingangoita 95% yeruzivo rwese nezve mubhadharo uyezve, mitsara miviri chete haina kunyatsogadziriswa. Yeavo, imwe inoverengwa: "Mauto eU.S. akataura kuti satellite iyi haizoshandiswe pakuita mashandiro…" uye mutongo wese wakasarudzika. Iyi nhanho yekuvanzika haina kugamuchirwa uye inokanganisa demokrasi tsika dzekujeka uye kuzvidavirira. Sevagari veNew Zealand, tiri kukumbirwa kubvuma kuti iyo Gunsmkoke-J payload, inoitirwa kugadzirisa nhandare yehondo, iri mukufarira kwenyika yeNew Zealand. Asi isu tinobvumidzwa kuziva chero chinhu nezvazvo.
Kutarisirwa kweMinisitiri wega hakugone kuona kuti mibairo irimo muNZ yenyika inofarira
Mhinduro dzatakatambira kubva kuna Gurukota rezvehupfumi uye dunhu rekuvandudza pamwe negurukota rezvekudzivirirwa kwezvombo nekutongwa kwezvombo zvese zvinongedzera kuchinodikanwa chekuti mibairo "inoenderana nemutemo weNew Zealand nekufarira nyika", uye zvakanyanya, neiyo OSHAA Act nemitemo ye2019. yemubhadharo wekubhadhara unobvumidzwa kusaina neCabinet. Iyo yekupedzisira inosimbisa kuti zviitiko zvisiri muNew Zealand nyika inofarira, uye izvo izvo hurumende isingazobvumidze, zvinosanganisira "kubhadharisa nemashandisirwo ekupedzisira ekukuvadza, kupindira, kana kuparadza imwe spacecraft, kana masystem epasi paPasi; [kana] mubhadharo uine chinangwa chekushandisa kutsigira kana kugonesa mashandiro edziviriro, chengetedzo kana ungwaru izvo zvinopesana nehurongwa hwehurumende. "
Musi waKurume 9, mushure mekunge abvumidza mubhadharo weGunsmoke-J, Gurukota Nash akataura mudare reparamende kuti "aisaziva nezvehunyanzvi hwekugona" mubhadharo, uye aive akatsigira danho rake rekubvumidza kuvhurwa kwemazano kubva kuvakuru muNZ. Space Agency. Isu tinotenda kuti kutarisa kwenzvimbo ino, iyo yakakosha kuhutongi hweNew Zealand nekufarira nyika, inokodzera uye inoda kubatikana kukuru kwevashumiri. Gurukota Nash vangasimudzira sei kufarira kwenyika kana vasingazive kugona kweRocket Rock iri kuvhura muchadenga kwemauto ekunze?
Nekutendera kuburitswa kwemubhadharo weGunsmoke-J, hurumende iri kusimbisa kuti kutsigira kuvandudzwa kwezvombo zveUS zvinotarisana nematanho ari muchadenga inofarira nyika yeNew Zealand. Isu tinopokana zvakasimba iyi pfungwa. Chimwe chezvinangwa zveOuter Space Chibvumirano cha1967, icho New Zealand iri bato, ndecheku "kusimudzira kudyidzana kwenyika dzese mukutsvaga zvine rugare nekushandisa nzvimbo yekunze." Nepo zviitiko zvine chekuita nenzvimbo zvagara zvichisanganisira zvemauto, isu tinoramba pfungwa yekuti kubatsira kugadzira zvombo-zvinotarisana nezvombo zviri "kushandiswa murunyararo" kwenzvimbo uye kunogona kuyananiswa nekufarira kwenyika kweNew Zealand.
Chechipiri, kana satellite ikatangwa, iyo NZG inogona sei kuziva kuti ndeipi "chaiyo yekudzivirira, chengetedzo kana huchenjeri mashandiro" yaichashandiswa? Gurukota rinotarisira here kuti mauto eUS achakumbira mvumo yeNZG pese painoda kushandisa satellite yeGunsmoke-J, kana kudzokororwa kwazvino kwetekinoroji iri kushandiswa kufambisira mberi, kunanga chombo paPasi? Iyo ingava fungidziro isina musoro. Asi kana zvisiri izvo, iyo NZG ingaziva sei kuti mashandiro emubhadharo wakapihwa uchashandiswa kutsigira mashandiro asiri muNew Zealand? Isu tinotenda kuti NZG haigone kuziva izvi zvine chokwadi, uye nekudaro inofanira kurega kuburitsa mvumo yekuvhura kwese kubhadharwa kwemauto zvichimirira kuongororwa kuzere kweOSHAA Act 2017, kusanganisira kutarisira paramende.
Software inogadziridza inoita kuti zvikone kuziva ese magumo-anoshandisa satellite
Mukupindura kunetsekana mutsamba yedu yaKurume 1, NZ Space Agency yakapindura kuti ine hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi "mumba" kuona kuti zvese zvinotangisa zvinoenderana nemutemo wa1987, uye zvinokwanisa kuwana hunyanzvi kubva kuMoD, NZDF, neNZ njere vamiririri mukuita zvisarudzo zverudzi urwu. Izvi zvakaoma kukoshesa, sezvo zvinoita sekunge zvisingaite.
Chekutanga, kugona kusiyanisa pakati pehurongwa hunoshandiswa kutsigira kutariswa chete kwezvombo zvisiri zvenyukireya uye izvo zvinogona kutsigira kutariswa kwezvisiri-zvenyukireya uye zvombo zvenyukireya zvinoda hunyanzvi ruzivo rwehunyanzvi hwekuraira kwenyukireya uye masystem ekudzora. Isu tinoshamisika kuti nhengo dzeNZ Space Agency, MoD, NZDF, uye masangano ehungwaru vanotenda kuti vane ruzivo rwakadai rwehunyanzvi. Tinokumbira kujekeserwa nezvekuti vakavandudza sei hunyanzvi uye kupi, zvinoenderana nekutyora mutemo wa1987.
Chechipiri, kuvimbiswa kweNZG kuti inogona kuona kuti satellites yakatangwa neRocket Lab haizotyora Chikamu 5 che1987 Act - ndiko kuti, nekupa mukana kunongedzera zvombo zvenyukireya mune ramangwana kana kuvandudzwa kwemaitiro akagadzirirwa icho chinangwa - ndizvo zvakanyanyisa kunetsa mune zvehunyanzvi mazwi. Pane imwe nguva mumugwagwa, setiraiti inogona kunge inogamuchira zvinyorwa zvepurogiramu, semimwe michina yemazuva ano yekukurukurirana. Chero ipi yakadzoserwa yakatumirwa kune satellite yakatangwa neRocket Lab inogona kunyatsoita kuti iyo NZG isimbe kuti inogona kuona kuti satellite haina kutyora Mutemo wa1987. Mukudaro, akadaro maapurojeti esoftware anogona kusiya iyo NZG isingazive nezve chaiyo magumo-ekushandisa kwechero satellite.
Sezvakakurukurwa pamusoro, nzira chete yekutenderedza dambudziko iri ndeyekuti:
a) iyo NZG inotanga kuongorora zvidzoreso zvese izvo mauto eUS anotarisira kuendesa kuma satellites akatangwa neRocket Lab ayo anogona kunongedza zvikumbiro - seGunsmoke-J; uye
b) iyo NZG inogona kubvumidza chero vhezheni iyo iyo yainofunga kuti inogona kugonesa kutyora kweMutemo wa1987. Zviripachena, iyo USG haigone kubvumirana neizvi, kunyanya sezvo iyo 2016 TSA inogadza chaizvo zvakapesana zviri pamutemo uye zvematongerwo enyika hutongi: inopa iyo USG inoshanda hutongi pamusoro peNZ nzvimbo-yekumisikidza zviitiko.
Panyaya iyi, tinocherekedza kunetseka kwakataurwa nePublic Advisory Committee on Disarmament and Arms Control (PACDAC) yakaratidza mutsamba yavo ya 26 Chikumi 2020 kuna Mutungamiriri, yakaburitswa pasi peRuzivo Rwemutemo Ruzivo (OIA). PACDAC yakacherekedza kuti "zvingave zvakakodzera kuti iwe seMutungamiriri weHurumende uwane mazano kubva kuna Attorney-General nezvekushandisa kweMutemo kunzvimbo yakatangwa kubva kuMahia Peninsula." Maererano nekodzero dzedu pasi peOIA, tinokumbira kopi yezano chero ripi zvaro repamutemo kubva kuGweta-General.
PACDAC yakayambira zvakare Prime Minister mutsamba iyoyo kuti,
“Zvirongwa zviviri zvinotevera zvinogona kubatsirawo mukuona kutevedzwa kweMutemo;
(a) Zvinyorwa zvenguva yemberi zvakapihwa neHurumende yeUS kuHurumende yeNZ pasi pechibvumirano cheTekinoroji Chekuchengetedza Chibvumirano, zvine chekuita nezvichavhurwa nzvimbo yemberi, zvine chirevo chakanangana kuti izvo zviri mubhadharo hazvizoshandiswe, chero nguva, kubatsira kana kuburitsa chero munhu ave nesimba pamusoro pechinhu chipi nechipi chinoputika chenyukireya.
(b) Mvumo yekubhadharira ramangwana, yakapihwa naNZ Gurukota rezvekurongwa kwehupfumi pasi pemutemo weHigh-altitude & Outer Space Activities Act, inogona kunge iine humbowo hwekuti kuvhurwa uku kunoenderana neNZ Nuclear Free Zone, Disarmament and Arms Control Act; kana inoperekedzwa nechirevo kune zvakafanana. ”
Isu tinotsigira zvakasimba zvirevo izvi uye tinokumbira makopi eipi neipi uye mhinduro dzese kubva kuna Prime Minister kana hofisi yavo kuPACDAC maererano nazvo.
Mukupedzisa, Mutungamiriri, tinokurudzira hurumende yako kumisa kusangana kuri kuwedzera kweNew Zealand mumuchina wehondo weUS, iyo matekinoroji enzvimbo uye matekiniki chinhu chinonyanya kukosha. Mukuita kudaro, tinokukumbira kuti uremekedze kodzero dze mana manaua Mahia, avo vanotenda kuti vakatsauswa neRocket Rock pamusoro pezvakawanda zvekushandisa kweMahia Peninsula. Uye isu tinokukumbira iwe kuti umire wakazvimirira mutemo wezvekunze unotsigirwa nehurumende, kunyanya nekubvisa zvikamu zveTSA izvo zvinopa iyo USG hutongi hunobudirira pamusoro penzvimbo yekuparura nzvimbo muNew Zealand.
Tinotarisira mhinduro dzako kumibvunzo chaiyo uye kunetsekana kwatakasimudza pano, pamwe chete neavo vakasimudzwa mutsamba yedu ya1 Kurume.
Kubva kuRunyararo Foundation's International Affairs uye Disarmament komiti.
