Pakamboita Air Force Base…

NaPat Mukuru, Gumiguru 21, 2019

Lethal kusvibiswa kuNorton Air Force Base muSan Bernardino, California inotyisidzira hutano hwevanhu 35 makore mushure mechigadziko chakavharwa.

Norton Air Force Base yaive nzvimbo yekuchengetera zvinhu uye inorema-inosimudza nzvimbo yekutakura, chimwe chinhu senge imba huru yeAmazon yekuchengetera zvombo zvehondo kutenderera pasirese. Kana chigadziko chakadzikira mu1994, iyo Air Force yakaziva huturu hwakakomberedza nharaunda yaivepo, kunyangwe vamwe vashoma vaifunga saizvozvo. Norton yakatanga mu1940 seSecurity Air Corps base. 79 makore gare gare, chigadziko chinosiya nhaka yevhu rakashatiswa zvakanyanya, pasi pevhu, uye mvura yepasirese.

Negakava, kusvibisa kwakanyanya kusara kwakasiyiwa neNegezi ndeyeP- uye Poly Fluoroalkyl Subitu, kana PFAS, inoshandiswa muputi panguva yekudzidzira moto. 

Ona YOKUPEDZISIRA SITE YEKUONGORORA RIPOTI YEMAHARA FILM INOGADZIRA FOAM NZVIMBO PAKUTI YEMAHARA NORTON AIR FORCE BASE, Nyamavhuvhu 2018. Kuongorora saiti kwakaitwa neAerostar SES LLC yeAir Force Civil Civil Injiniya. Kuongorora kwakatemerwa kuona kutarisisa kwePFOA, PFOS, kana huwandu hwese zviri zviviri pasi pevhu nevhu. Kuongorora kwacho kwakapihwawo mhosva yekuziva nzira dzinogona kunwa hutano hwemunhu, uye kana zvichidikanwa, kudzikisira kukanganisa kunwa mvura.

Mvura yepasi pasi peyaimbove hwaro yakawanikwa yakasvibiswa nePFOS pamatanho e18.8 zvikamu pamatirioni. Harvard masayendisiti anoti 1 ppt inogona kuva nenjodzi. Iwo masampuli akatorwa kubva pakadzika pasi pevhu - 229.48 kusvika 249.4 tsoka pazasi pevhu pevhu. Kuwanikwa kweaya ma carcinogen 249.4 tsoka pasi kunoratidza kureba kwemakemikari akasvetukira mukati memvura yakadzika kubva zvaifungidzirwa kutanga kushandiswa muna 1970. "Makemikari anogara aripo" akafuratira pasi pachiyero chemamita mashanu pagore. 

California ichangotanga mazinga ekuzivisa ye PFOS ku6.5 ppt uye PFOA ku5.1 ppt yemvura yekunwa, zvichireva kuti mvura yepasi peNorton inoda kusvika katatu pamusoro peiyo nhanho. Ivhu rakawanikwa riine 5,990 micrograms pakirogiramu (μg / kg) yePFOS, iyo ingangoita kakapetwa kashanu pane yekuzvidira EPA chiyero che1,260 µg / kg.

Iyo yekutarisa saiti ine chirevo uye chikamu chekupindura uko vatongi vanobvunza iyo Air Force kuti ijekeswe uye nerumwe ruzivo. Mauto Emuchadenga anotsigira kuti "nzira yekunwa mvura yekunwa haina kukwana." Mune mamwe mazwi, Air Force iri kuti hapana nzira yePFAS yekuwana mvura yekunwa. EPA inoti yakurumidze kupedzisa izvi zvichibva paruzivo rwunopihwa neAir Force. 

EPA yakakumbira Chikwata cheMhepo kuti chipe ruzivo rwakawanda nezve kutama kweAFFF kubva kunzvimbo dzinozivikanwa kubva panguva yekuburitswa. Zvichakadaro, iyo Mhepo YeMweya inotaura kuti ma carcinogens anga achangotama 4 mamaira, nepo EPA ichibvunza nhamba iyoyo, zvichireva kuti inofanira kunge yakanyanya kukwirira. Iyo EPA iri kukumbira iyo Air Force bvunzo mudzimba neveruzhinji tsime mukati me4 mamaira eiyo yaimbova nheyo.

Kunyanya zvinotyisa, Mauto Emuchadenga akamisa zvingangokanganisa bvunzo dzePFAS paivhu uye pasi pevhu munzvimbo dzinowanikwa Building 694 neFivisi 2333. Mauto Emuchadenga anosiyawo nhaurirano yepombi neyekurapa mashandiro akashandiswa kwemakore akati wandei kuNorton. Chinhu chakakosha kusiiwa nekuti iyo system yakakanganisa kutama kweAFFF kuburitswa. EPA yakakumbira Mauto Emuchadenga kuti ape ruzivo pamusoro penzvimbo yematsime ekuburitsa maringe nenzvimbo dzinobva AFFF, vakashanda kwenguva yakareba sei, marapirwo akaitwa mvura uye kuburitswa kwayo, nezvimwe. 

Zvese izvi zvinhu zvakakosha mukuona kukanganisa kwehutano hweveruzhinji. Rudzi irworwo rwekubvongodza kunoitika pamatanho ese eTrump Administration, asi pano, manyepo avo anokanganisa hutano hwedu.

Pazasi pane chikamu chegwaro pakati pevarwi vemvura yeCalifornia neMhepo YeMhepo. Inopa nzwisiso mune tsika yekusvibiswa. Verenga zvinotaurwa naStephen Niou, Dhipatimendi reCalifornia of Toxic Subsians (DTSC) naPatricia Hannon weSanta Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board. Zvadaro, verenga mhinduro kubva kuMhepo YeMhepo.

Mauto Emuchadenga ari kuisa mutemo, "Kuwanda kwePFOS kunogona kupa njodzi kuhutano hwevanhu. Zvisinei, mukushaikwa kwemitemo yehurumende kana yehurumende, mamwe matanho haakurudzirwi kudzamara zviyero izvi zvasimbiswa uye zvaziviswa. Nekuti njodzi kuhutano hwevanhu kubva kuPFAS muvhu hadzinzwisiswi zvakakwana uye hapana zvimiro zvakasimudzirwa, kurudziro yekudzikisira haina kupihwa mukana parizvino. " 

Hondo Yemhepo inovimba neEPA neCongress kuti iite zvinorema ichienderera mberi ichityisa ruzhinji. Maitiro eEPA padanho renzvimbo, sezvakaratidzwa pano, anorumbidzwa, asi kuramba kwayo, padanho remubatanidzwa, kuisa zvinokwanirisa zvakanyanya zvakasvibisa mazinga emakemikari ese ePFAS ane mhosva.

Yaimbova Norton AFB iri pakona yekurudyi yeiyo graphic. Rwizi rweSanta Ana runoyerera kubva pasi kubva kuCorona. Cherekedza chipikiri chiri pamusoro pekuverenga kwemvura pedyo neCorona pazasi / pakati pemepu. Dunhu rine zvinyorwa zviviri zvinozivikanwa zvinosvibisa nharaunda nePFAS: iyo US Air Force uye 3M mubatanidzwa, iri muCorona. 3M uye Mauto Emuchadenga anga achiisa chepfu muchivande kuruzhinji rweAmerica - nekunyepa nezvayo kwezvizvarwa zviviri.

Addendum

Kusvibiswa kwePFAS kwedunhu reSanta Ana naNorton Air Force Base ingori chidimbu chekusvibiswa kunosanganiswa nesiti. Mamwe emakemikari anouraya zvakanyanya anozivikanwa aripo muvhu, mvura yepasi, mvura yemuchadenga, uye mhepo mudunhu rakatenderedza Norton. Mauto Emhepo aive asina hanya mukutarisira kwayo nyika. 

Zvinotevera makemikari ane chepfu anowanikwa pane yaimbova Norton Air Force Base. Ona iyo Arhente Yezvekukuvadza Zvinhu uye Zvirwere Registry's Toxicological Profiles yeruzivo pane yega yega inosvibisa. Aya makemikari anowanzoita nzira yavo kupinda mumiviri yedu kukonzera cancer, kurwara, uye kufa:  

Inosvibisa 1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE, 1,2,4-TRICHLOROBENZENE, 1,2- DICHLOROBENZENE, 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE, 1,2-DICHLOROETHENE (CIS NETRans) MIXTURE), 1,4-DICHLOROBENZENE, ANTIMONY, ARSENIC, BENZENE, BENZO (B) FLUORANTHENE, BENZO (K) FLUORANTHENE, BENZO [A] ANTHRACENE, BENZO [A] PYRENE, BERYLLIUM, CADMIUM, CHLORDANE, CHLORINATED DIOXINS Uye FURans, CHLOROBENZENE, CHLOROETHENE (VINYL CHLORIDE), CHLOROETHENE (VINYL CHLORIDE), CHROMIUM, CHRYSENE, CIS-1,2-DICHLOROETHENE, COPPER, CYANIDE, DICHLOROBENZENE (VAKAWANDA ISOMERS), ETHYLBENZENE, INDENO (1,2,3-CD) PYRENE, LEAD, MERCURY NAPHTHALENE, NICKEL, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBs), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBs), POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAHS), RADIUM-226, SELENIUM SILVER, TETRACHLOROETHENE, THALLIUM, TOLUENE, Trans-1,2-DICHLOROETHENE, TRICHLOROETHENE, XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS), ZINC.