Nyukliya Weapons Kuwedzera - Yakagadzirwa muU.SA

NaJohn LaForge

IUnited States ingangove yakakosha yezvombo zvenyukireya munyika nhasi, ichibuditsa pachena zvisungo zveChibvumirano pamusoro peKusabudirira Kwezvombo zveNuclear Weapons (NPT). Chinyorwa I chechibvumirano chinorambidza vanasaina kuendesa zvombo zvenyukireya kune dzimwe nyika, uye Chinyorwa II chinorambidza vanasaina kugamuchira zvombo zvenyukireya kubva kune dzimwe nyika.

Sezvo UN Ongororo Yemusangano weNPT yaipedza musangano wayo wemwedzi muNew York svondo rapfuura, vamiriri veUS vakavhiringidza kutarisisa kubva mukutyora kwavo vachishandisa yambiro yavo tsvuku yenyonganiso pamusoro peIran neNorth Korea - iyo yekutanga isina chombo chimwe chenyukireya, uye yekupedzisira iine 8-to-10 (zvinoenderana neavo vanovimbika zvombo vanoona kuCIA) asi vasina nzira yekuvanunura.

Zvinorambidzwa uye zvisungo zveNPT zvakasimbiswa zvakare uye zvakajekeswa nedare repamusoro soro rezvemitemo munaJulayi 1996 Advisory Pfungwa pamusoro pemutemo wepamutemo wekutyisidzira kana kushandisa zvombo zvenyukireya. Dare redzimhosva reInternational Justice rakati mune ichi chisarudzo chakakurumbira kuti zvisungo zveNPT zvekuvimbisa kusaendesa kana kugamuchira zvombo zvenyukireya hazvina mvumo, hazvina hukama, hazvinzwisisike uye hazvisi izvo. Nezvikonzero izvi, kutyorwa kweUS zviri nyore kuratidza.

Mabhiza eNyukireya “Akabirirwa” kuBritish Navy

IUS "inoregedza" pasi pemvura-yakavhurira intercontinental ballistic makomba (SLBMs) ​​kuenda kuBritain kuti ishandiswe pazvimiro zvina zvegungwa reTrident. Takaita izvi kwemakumi maviri emakore. The MaBritain subs anofamba achiyambuka Atlantic kunotora makomba anogadzirwa-eUS kuKing Bay Bay Naval base kuGeorgia.

Kubatsira kuona kuti kuwanda kweUS kunosanganisira zvombo zvenyukireya zvinotyisa chete, mainjiniya wevashandi kuLokheed Martin muCalifornia parizvino vane basa rekuronga, kuronga uye kuita kusimudzira uye kugadzirwa kwe "UK Trident Mk4A [warhead] Reentry Systems sechikamu. yeUK Trident Weapons System 'Hupenyu Kuwedzera chirongwa.' ”Izvi, sekutaura kwaJohn Ainslie weScotland Campaign yeNuclear Disarmament, iyo inonyatso tarisisa imbwa dzeBritish - dzese dziri muScotland, zvakanyanya kutsamwisa maScot.

Kunyangwe iyo W76 warheads iyo inodzivirira zvombo zveUS-zvine zvombo zvakahayiwa kuEngland zvine zvikamu zvakagadzirwa muUnited States. Hondo dzehondo dzinoshandisa Gesi Yekutamisa Sisitimu (GTS) inochengetera tritium - radioactive fomu yehydrogen inoisa "H" muH-bhomba - uye iyo GTS inopinza tritium iyo muplutonium warhead kana "gomba." Zvese zvishandiso zveGTS zvinoshandiswa muBritain zveTrident warheads zvinogadzirwa muUnited States. Izvo zvino zvinotengeswa kune maRoyals kana kupihwa kuchinjana izvo zvisina kuziviswa Quid pro Quo.

David Webb, Sachigaro wazvino weBritish Campaign yeNuclear Disarmament akataura panguva yeMusangano weNPT, uye akazosimbisa mune email kuNukewatch, kuti Sandia National Laboratory muNew Mexico yakazivisa, muna Kurume 2011, kuti yaive "yekutanga" W76 United Kingdom yekuedza bvunzo ”paWeapons Evaluation uye Test Laboratory (WETL) muNew Mexico, uye kuti izvi" zvakapa data rekufanirwa kwakakomba kuUK kuitisa W76-1. "W76 igoramu re100 kiloton H-bhomba kweanodaidzwa kuti D-4 uye D-5 Trident zvombo. Imwe yemakiromita ari kuSandia's WETL inofanidza ballistic trajectory yeW76 "reentry-mota" kana warhead. Uku kwakadzika uye kwakaomarara kubatana pakati peUS neUK kunogona kunzi Proliferation Plus.

Iyo yakawanda yeRoyal Navy's Trident warheads inogadzirwa kuEngland yeAldermaston zvombo zvehondo yenyukireya, zvichibvumira vese Washington neLondon kuti vataure kuti vari kutevedza NPT.

MaUS H-mabhomba Akaiswa Munyika shanu dzeNATO

Kumwe kutyorwa kwakajeka kweNPT ndiko kuendeswa kweUS pakati pe184 ne200 mabhomba emagetsi enyukireya, anonzi B61, munyika shanu dzeEuropean - Belgium, The Netherlands, Italy, Turkey neGerman. "Zvibvumirano zvekugovana nyukireya" nevaviri vakaenzana muNPT - vese vanozivisa kuti i "nyika dzisiri dzenyukireya" - vanoshora pachena Chinyorwa I neChikamu II chechibvumirano.

US ndiyo chete nyika pasi rese iyo inotumira zvombo zvenyukireya kune dzimwe nyika, uye muchiitiko chevashanu vekugoverana nyukireya, US Air Force kunyange zvitima VaItari, veGerman, veBelgium, veTurkey neveDutch vatyairi vari mukushandisa maB61s munhandare dzavo dzehondo - kana Mutungamiriri akamboraira chinhu chakadai. Zvakadaro, hurumende yeUS inogara ichidzidzisa dzimwe nyika nezve kutyorwa kwemitemo yenyika dzese, muganho kusunda uye kugadzirisa zviito.

Nedanda rakawanda kudaro, zvinokatyamadza kuti vamiriri mumusangano weUN vane hurerukiro hwekusangana neUS yekuzvidza NPT, kunyangwe kana kuwedzerwa nekumanikidzwa kuri patafura. Sezvakataurwa naHenry Thoreau, "Kukanganisa kwakanyanya uye kwakanyanya kunoda hunhu husina kufarirwa kwazvo kuti hurarame."

- John LaForge anoshandira Nukewatch, boka revarindi venyukireya muWisconsin, rinogadzirisa tsamba yaro yeKota, uye rakabatanidzwa PeaceVoice.