Mubayiro weNobel Werugare 2017 Chidzidzo: Mhirizhonga Yenyika Dzepasi Pose Kupedza Nuclear Weapons (ICAN)

Heino Musangano weNobel wakapiwa neNobel Peace Prize Laureate 2017, ICAN, yakapiwa naBeatrice Fihn uye Setsuko Thurlow, Oslo, 10 December 2017.

Beatrice Fihn:

Vakuru venyu,
Nhengo dzeNorway Nobel Committee,
Vakashamisika vaenzi,

Nhasi, iro iropafadzo yakakura kugamuchira 2017 Nobel Peace Prize nekuda kwezviuru zvevanhu vanofuridzirwa vanoita Mushandirapamwe Wepasi Pese Wekudzima Nuclear Weapons.

Takabatana takaunza demokarasi kuti tisazvigadzirisa uye tinoitazve mutemo wenyika dzakawanda.
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Tinonyanya kuonga Komiti yeNorway Nobel yekucherechedza basa redu nekupa kukurumidza kune chikonzero chedu chakakosha.

Tinoda kuziva avo avo vakapa zvikuru nguva yavo nesimba ravo kumushandirapamwe uyu.

Tinoonga vatariri vekune dzimwe nyika vakashinga, Red Cross uye Red Crescent, UN vakuru vakuru, vadzidzisi uye nyanzvi dzatakashanda navo mubatanidzwa kuti tifambise chinangwa chedu chakafanana.

Uye isu tinotenda vose vakazvipira kubvisa nyika yekutyisidzira kunotyisa.
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Panzvimbo dzinoverengeka dzakatenderedza pasirese - mune mamosile masosi akavigwa mupasi redu, pangarava dzepasi pegungwa dzinofamba nemumakungwa edu, uye mundege dziri kubhururuka mudenga redu - dzinorara zvinhu zviuru gumi nezvishanu zvekuparadzwa kwevanhu.

Pamwe ihwo hukuru hwechokwadi ichi, zvichida iyo inofungidzirwa yakawanda yemigumisiro, inotungamirira vazhinji kuti vagamuchire chokwadi ichi chakaipa. Kufamba pamusoro pehupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva tisingambofungi kune zvishandiso zveupenzi zvakatipoteredza.

Nokuti iyo isupenzi kubvumira isu kutungamirirwa nezvombo izvi. Vatsoropodzi vazhinji vekufambisa uku vanoratidza kuti isu tiri vanhu vasina hanya, izvo zvinongoratidzika pasina chikonzero chaicho. Kuti zvombo zvenyukireya-zvombo zvisingambosiyi zvombo zvavo.

Asi isu tinomiririra chete rational choice. Isu tinomiririra avo vanoramba kugamuchira zvombo zvenyukireya seyakagadzirirwa munyika yedu, avo vanoramba kuva nezvikwereti zvavo zvakasungwa mumitsetse shomanana yekugadzira kodhi.

Yedu ndeyechokwadi chete iyo inogoneka. Izvo zvinoshandiswa hazvifungi.

Nyaya yezvombo zvenyukireya ichave nokuguma, uye zviri kwatiri kwatiri kuti kuguma ikoko kuchave kupi.

Icho chichava kuguma kwezvombo zvenyukireya here, kana ichava mugumo wedu?

Chimwe chezvinhu izvi chichaitika.

Nhungamiro yechokwadi yekuita ndeyokurega kurarama pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu apo kuparadzana kwedu kumwe chete kunongodzungaira.
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Nhasi ndinoda kutaura nezvezvinhu zvitatu: kutya, rusununguko, uye ramangwana.

Nekugamuchirwa chaiko kweavo vanazvo, chaicho kushandiswa kwezvombo zvenyukireya kuri mukugona kwavo kumutsa kutya. Kana ivo vachitaura kune kwavo "kudzivirira" maitiro, vanotsigira zvombo zvenyukireya vari kupemberera kutya sechombo chehondo.

Vari kuzvikudza pamapfupa avo nekuzivisa kuti vakagadzirira kuparadza, pakarepo, zviuru zvisingaverengeki zvehupenyu hwevanhu.

Nobel Laureate William Faulkner akadaro achigashira mubairo wake muna 1950, kuti “Panongova nemubvunzo wekuti 'ndichaputirwa riini?'” Asi kubva ipapo, kutya uku kwese kwapa mukana kune chimwe chinhu chinotonyanya kuipa: kuramba.

Kusa kutya kweAmagedhoni munguva pfupi, pane kuenzana pakati pematombo maviri akashandiswa sechikonzero chekudzivisa, kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzimba dzekudzivirira.

Asi chimwe chinhu chinoramba chiri: zviuru zvezviuru zvehondo yenyukireya iyo yakatizadza nekutya ikoko.

Ngozi yezvombo zvenyukireya inoshandiswa yakawanda nhasi kupfuura pakuguma kweCold War. Asi kusiyana neCold War, nhasi tinosangana nezvimwe zvakawanda zve nyukireya zvombo zvehondo, magandanga, uye cyber warfare. Zvose izvi zvinoita kuti tisanyanya kuchengeteka.

Kudzidza kurarama nezvombo izvi mukugamuchirwa kwemapofu kwave kuri kukanganisa kwedu kwekupedzisira.

Kutya kunonzwisisa. Dambudziko racho nderechokwadi. Takadzivirira hondo yenyukireya kwete kuburikidza nehutungamiri hunongwarira asi rakanaka. Nokukurumidza kana gare gare, kana tikakundikana kuita chimwe chinhu, hanya yedu ichabuda.

Pane imwe nguva yekutyisa kana kusava nehanya, kutaura kusina kururama kana kuti kutyora, zvinogona kutitungamirira nyore nyore kusvika pakuparadzwa kwemaguta ose. Kuenzanisa kwemauto kunotungamirirwa nehondo kunogona kutungamirira kumusana wevashoma kusarura wevanhu.

Dai chete chidimbu chidiki chezvombo zvenyukireya zvanhasi zvakashandiswa, sosi uye utsi kubva mudutu remoto zvaigona kukwira kumusoro mudenga - kutonhora, kusviba uye nekuomesa pasi peNyika kweanopfuura makore gumi.

Izvo zvinoparadza zvirimwa zvekudya, kuisa mabhiriyoni mumatambudziko ekushaya nzara.

Asi isu tinoramba tichirarama mukuramba kweiyo iripo ngozi.

Asi Faulkner ari wake Kutaura kwaNobel akabudisawo dambudziko kune avo vakauya vakamutevera. Izvo chete nokuva izwi revanhu, akati, tinogona kukurira kutya; tinogona here kubatsira vanhu kuti varambe varipo.

ICAN ibasa kuve iro izwi. Izwi revanhu uye mutemo wevanhu; kutaura akamirira vanhuwo zvavo. Kupa izwi kune iyo yerubatsiro maonero ndeyekuti isu tichagadzira sei kupera kwekutya, kupera kwekuramba. Uye pakupedzisira, kupera kwezvombo zvenyukireya.
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Izvi zvinondisvitsa kumusoro wangu wechipiri: rusununguko.

sezvo International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War, sangano rekutanga rezvombo zvenyukireya kuti riwane mubairo uyu, rakati pachikamu ichi mu1985:

“Isu varapi tinoratidzira kutsamwa kwekutapa nyika yese. "Tinopokana nekusazvibata kuri kuitwa nemumwe nemumwe wedu kuti atsakatiswe."

Mashoko iwayo achiri kutendeka mu2017.

Tinofanira kuchengetedza rusununguko rwekusararama hupenyu hwedu senhapwa kusvika kune kuparadzwa kwepedyo.

Murume - kwete mukadzi! - takagadzira zvombo zvenyukireya kudzora vamwe, asi pachinzvimbo isu tinodzorwa navo.

Vakatiita zvipikirwa zvenhema. Izvozvo kuburikidza nekuita migumisiro yekushandisa zvombo izvi zvisingambofungidziki zvingaita kuti pave nekupesana kusingagoneki. Kuti zvingatichengetedza kusununguka kubva muhondo.

Asi kure nekudzivisa hondo, zvombo izvi zvakatisvitsa kumahombekombe kakawanda muCold War. Uye muzana remakore rino, zvombo izvi zvinoramba zvichiwedzera kwatiri kuhondo nekurwa.

MuIraq, muIran, muKashmir, kuNorth Korea. Kuvapo kwavo kunokurudzira vamwe kujoina mujaho wenyukireya. Havatichengetedze isu, vanokonzera kukakavara.

Sokubvumirana Kworugare Nevamwe Nobel, Martin Luther King Jr, vakavadaidza kubva panguva ino chaiyo muna 1964, zvombo izvi "zvose zvekuuraya uye kuzviuraya".

Ipfuti yemupengo yakachengetwa zvachose kutemberi yedu. Zvombo izvi zvaifanirwa kutichengetedza, asi zvinotinyima rusununguko rwedu.

Iko kushora kune democracy kuti utongwe neizvi zvombo. Asi zvinongova zvombo. Izvo zvinongova zvishandiso. Uye sekusikwa kwavakaitwa nemamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika, vanogona kungoparadzwa zviri nyore nekuvaisa mune yerubatsiro.
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Ndiro basa ICAN rakazvimisikidza - uye yangu yechitatu poindi yandinoshuvira kutaura nezvayo, iro ramangwana.

Ndine rukudzo rwekugovana danho iri nhasi naSetsuko Thurlow, uyo akariita chinangwa cheupenyu hwake kupupurira kutyisa kwehondo yenyukireya.

Iye uye hibakusha vakanga vari pakutanga kwenyaya yacho, uye iyo isangano redu rakaoma kuti tive nechokwadi kuti vachaonawo kuguma kwayo.

Vanoyeuka marwadzo akare, nguva nenguva, kuitira kuti tive nehupenyu huri nani.

Kune mazana emasangano ayo pamwe pamwe neI ICAN vari kuita hutsva hukuru kune iyo yeramangwana.

Kune zviuru zvevashanyi vasingatyi munyika yose vanoshanda zuva rega roga kuti vasimuke kune dambudziko iroro.

Kune mamiriyoni evanhu kumativi ose enyika avo vakamira pamapfudzi nemafudzi nevaya vanopikisa kuti varatidze mazana ezviuru zvemamiriyoni kuti mune ramangwana rakasiyana rinobvira zvechokwadi.

Vaya vanotaura kuti ramangwana hazvibviri kudikanwa kubva kunze kwevaya vanoita kuti zvive zvechokwadi.

Sezvo mugumo wekuedza uku kwakanyanya, kuburikidza nekuitwa kwevanhuwo zvavo, gore rino maonero anofungira mberi achienda kune chaiwo sezvo nyika dze122 dzakataurirana uye dzakagumisa chibvumirano cheUUN kuputsa zvombo izvi zvekuparadza kukuru.

Chibvumirano Chekudzivisa Nyukliya Weapons inopa nzira kuenda mberi munguva pfupi dambudziko guru renyika yose. Icho chiedza munguva yerima.

Uye kupfuura izvozvo, inopa sarudzo.

Chisarudzo pakati pemagumo maviri: kuguma kwezvombo zvenyukireya kana kuguma kwedu.

Hazvina maturo kutenda muchisarudzo chokutanga. Hazvirevi kufunga kuti zvigetsi zvehurumende zvinogona kuparadza. Hazvisi zvekutenda kutenda muhupenyu pamusoro pekutya nekuparadzwa; iyo inokosha.
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Tose zvedu tinosangana nechisarudzo ichocho. Uye ini ndinodana kumarudzi ose kuti abatane neChipatano Pamutemo weNyuchi Weapons.

United States, sarudza rusununguko pane kutya.
Russia, sarudza kusagadzirisa kuparadzwa.
Britain, sarudza mutemo wepamutemo kudzvinyirirwa.
France, sarudza kodzero dzevanhu pamusoro pekutya.
China, sarudza chikonzero pamusoro pekusaziva.
India, sarudza pfungwa pamusoro pekusaziva.
Pakistan, sarudza pfungwa pamusoro peAmagedhoni.
Israeri, sarudza pfungwa yakakwana pamusoro pokuparadzwa.
North Korea, sarudza uchenjeri pamusoro pekuparadzwa.

Kune mamwe marudzi anotenda kuti akachengeterwa pasi pemaambura ezvombo zvenyukireya, iwe ungave wakanyatsopera mukuparadzwa kwako uye kuparadzwa kwevamwe muzita rako here?

Kumarudzi ose: sarudza kuguma kwezvombo zvenyukireya pamusoro pemagumo edu!

Ichi ndicho chisarudzo icho Chibvumirano cheKurambidzwa kweNyukliya Weapons chinomiririra. Join this Treaty.

Isu isu vagari vari kurarama pasi pemaambura enhema. Zvombo izvi hazviiti kuti tichengetedze, zviri kusvibisa nyika yedu nemvura, kutyisa miviri yedu uye kubata kodzero yedu yeupenyu.

Kune vese vagari venyika: Mirai nesu uye titsvake hurumende yako nehurumende uye usayine chibvumirano ichi. Hatizombozorori kusvikira nyika dzose dzabatana, kune rumwe rutivi rwechikonzero.
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Hapana rudzi nhasi rune rukudzo rwekuva chemakemikari zvombo zvehurumende.
Hapana rudzi runotaura kuti zvinogamuchirwa, mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa, kushandisa sarin mushututi.
Hakuna rudzi runoparidza kodzero yekuregedza muvengi wayo denda kana chirwere cheporiyo.

Izvozvo ndezvokuti mitemo yepasi rose yakagadziriswa, maonero akachinjwa.

Uye ikozvino, pakupedzisira, tine chimiro chisina kujeka kurwisa zvombo zvenyukireya.

Monumental inofambira mberi haitombotanga nezvose zvibvumirano.

Nezvose zvinyorwa zvitsva uye gore rose rinopfuura, ino itsva itsva ichabata.

Iyi ndiyo nzira inoenda mberi. Pane imwe chete nzira yekudzivirira kushandiswa kwezvombo zvenyukireya: kudzivisa uye kubvisa.
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Zvombo zvenyukireya, sezvombo zvemakemikari, zvombo zvezvisikwa, masango emasumbu uye minda yevhu pamberi pavo, zvino haisi pamutemo. Kuvapo kwavo kune unzenza. Kubviswa kwavo kuri mumaoko edu.

Kuguma hakudziviriki. Asi iyo ichaguma ndiyo kuguma kwezvombo zvenyukireya kana kuguma kwedu here? Tinofanira kusarudza imwe.

Isu tiri sangano rekunzwisisa. Nokuda kwehurumende. Nokuda kwekusununguka pakutya.

Tiri vaparidzi vemasangano e468 vari kushanda kuchengetedza ramangwana, uye isu tiri vamiririri vehutsika huzhinji: mabhiriyoni evanhu vanosarudza hupenyu pamusoro pekufa, avo vose vachaona kuguma kwezvombo zvenyukireya.

Ndatenda.

Setsuko Thurlow:

Vakuru venyu,
Nhengo dzakakurumbira dzeNorway Nobel Committee,
Vandinoshamwaridzana navo, pano uye munyika yose,
Vanababa naanamai,

Iropafadzo huru kugamuchira uyu mubairo, pamwe naBeatrice, pachinzvimbo chevanhu vese vanoshamisa vanoumba musangano weICAN. Iwe wega unondipa tariro yakakura zvekuti tinogona - uye ticha - kuunza nguva yezvombo zvenyukireya kusvika kumagumo.

Ini ndinotaura senhengo yemhuri ye hibakusha - isu vedu avo, nemukana unoshamisa, vakapona mabhomba eatomiki eHiroshima neNagasaki. Kwemakore anopfuura makumi manomwe, isu takashandira kubviswa zvachose kwezvombo zvenyukireya.

Isu takamira pamwe chete nevaya vakakuvadzwa nekugadzirwa nekuedzwa kwezvombo izvi zvinotyisa pasi rose. Vanhu vanobva kune dzimwe nzvimbo vane mazita akakurumbira, saMoruroa, Ekker, Semipalatinsk, Maralinga, Bikini. Vanhu avo nyika nemakungwa zvakange zvichisvibiswa, miviri yavo yaidzidzwa, iyo tsika dzaive dzisingagadziriswi nokusingaperi.

Isu hatina kugutsikana kuti tive nhamo. Takaramba kumirira kuguma kunopisa moto kana kunonoka kwehupfu hwenyika yedu. Isu takaramba kugara zvisingatyi sezvinoti "masimba makuru" akatitorera nyukliya kudengenyeka uye akatiunzira tisingafungi pedyo nekwenyusi pakati peusiku. Takasimuka. Takagovera nyaya dzedu dzekupona. Isu takati: vanhu uye zvombo zvenyukireya hazvigoni kuwirirana.

Nhasi, ndinoda kuti iwe unzwe mune iyi hove kuvapo kwevose avo vakaparara muHiroshima neNagasaki. Ndinoda kuti iwe unzwe, pamusoro uye matipoteredza, gore guru remamiriyoni mamiriyoni mweya. Munhu mumwe nomumwe aive nezita. Munhu mumwe nomumwe aidiwa nomumwe munhu. Ngationei kuti kufa kwavo kwakanga kusiri pasina.

Ndaingova nemakore 13 apo United States yakakanda bhomba yekutanga yeatomu, muguta rangu Hiroshima. Ndichiri kurangarira zvakajeka mangwanani iwayo. Pana 8: 15, ndakaona kuchena kwebluish-white flash kubva pahwindo. Ndiri kuyeuka kuva nekunzwa kwekukwira mumhepo.

Pandakamuka kuziva murunyararo uye murima, ndakazviwana ndakapendwa nechivakwa chakapunzika. Ndakatanga kunzwa kuchema kwevamwe vandaidzidza navo vachiti: “Amai, ndibatsirei. Mwari, ndibatsirei. ”

Ipapo, kamwe kamwe, ndakanzwa maoko achibata bendekete rangu reruboshwe, ndikanzwa murume achiti: “Usakanda mapfumo pasi! Ramba uchimanikidza! Ndiri kuedza kukusunungura. Uri kuona mwenje unouya kuburikidza neakavhurika? Kambaira uchienda kwairi nekukurumidza sezvaungagone. ” Pandakakambaira ndichibuda panze, matongo aive ave pamoto. Vazhinji vandaidzidza navo muchivako ichocho vakapiswa kusvikira vafa vari vapenyu. Ndakaona zvese zvakandikomberedza zvichitaurisa, zvisinga fungidzike kuparara.

Mafambiro emapfupa emweya anovhiringidzwa. Vanhu vakakuvadzwa zvikuru, vaibuda ropa, vakapiswa, vakasviba uye vakaputika. Zvikamu zvemiviri yavo zvakanga zvisipo. Nyama uye ganda zvakagara pamapfupa avo. Vamwe vane maziso eziso ravo vakaturika mumaoko avo. Vamwe vane dumbu ravo vakaputika, matumbo avo akaturika kunze. Kunhuwa kunopisa kwenyama yakatsva yevanhu kwakazadza mhepo.

Nekudaro, nebhomba rimwe guta rangu rinodikanwa rakaparadzwa. Vazhinji vevagari vemo vaive vanhuwo zvavo vakapiswa, vakapiswa mweya, vakaiswa kabhoni - pakati pavo, nhengo dzemhuri yangu uye 351 vevandaidzidza navo.

Mumavhiki, mwedzi nemakore zvakatevera, zviuru zvezviuru zvakawanda zvaizofa, kazhinji nenzira dzisinganzwisisiki uye dzisinganzwisisiki, kubva pane zvinononoka migumisiro yezuva. Kunyange kusvikira nhasi, mashizha anouraya avo vakapona.

Pese pandinorangarira Hiroshima, chifananidzo chekutanga chinouya mupfungwa ndechemuzukuru wangu ane makore mana okuberekwa, Eiji - muviri wake mudiki unoshandurwa kuita chisingazivikanwe chakanyungudutswa chunk yenyama. Akaramba achikumbira mvura nezwi rakapera kusvikira kufa kwake kumusunungura kubva pakurwadziwa.

Kwandiri, akauya kuzomiririra vana vasina mhosva venyika, vachityisidzira sezvavari panguva ino nezvombo zvenyukireya. Chipiri chezuva rimwe nerimwe, zvombo zvenyukireya zvinokanganisa munhu wese watinoda uye zvose zvatinoshandisa zvakakosha. Hatifaniri kubvumira hutsinye huno zvakare.

Kubudikidza neshungu dzedu uye kurwira kukuru kuti tirarame - uye nekuvakazve hupenyu hwedu kubva mumadota - isu hibakusha takagutsikana kuti isu tinofanira kunyevera nyika nezve izvi apocalyptic zvombo. Nguva nenguva, takagovana zvipupuriro zvedu.

Asi zvakadaro vamwe vakaramba kuona Hiroshima neNagasaki sehutsinye - semhosva dzehondo. Vakatambira propaganda yekuti aya aive "akanaka mabhomba" anga apedza "kurwa kwakaringana". Yakanga iri iyi ngano yakatungamira kune ine njodzi nhangemutange yezvombo zvenyukireya - mujaho unoenderera nanhasi.

Nyika pfumbamwe dzichiri kutyisidzira kupisa maguta ese, kuparadza hupenyu pasi pano, kuita kuti nyika yedu yakanaka isagare kwezvizvarwa zvinotevera. Kuvandudzwa kwezvombo zvenyukireya hakureve kukwira kwenyika kune hukuru, asi kudzika kwayo kune rakadzika rima rekusvibisa. Zvombo izvi hazvisi zvakaipa zvakafanira; ndiwo akaipa ekupedzisira.

Musi wechinomwe waChikunguru gore rino, ndakafariswa nemufaro apo nyika zhinji dzepasi rose dzakavhota kuti vatore Chibvumirano cheProhibition yeNuclear Weapons. Ndakapupurira vanhu panguva yekupedzisira kwayo, ndakapupurira, zuva iro, vanhu pazvakanyanya. Isu hibakusha takamirira kurambidzwa kwemakore makumi manomwe nemaviri. Ichi ngachive kutanga kwemagumo ezvombo zvenyukireya.

Vose vatungamiri vane mutoro chido kusaina chibvumirano ichi. Uye nhoroondo ichatonga zvakaomarara avo vanozviramba. Hapachazovizve neruzivo rwavo rwekufungidzira rwekuuraya rudzi rwemaitiro avo. Hapasisina "kudzivirira" kunoonekwa sechinhu chero chinhu asi chidziviriro chekutora zvombo. Hatichazorarama pasi pegore rehowa rekutya.

Kune vakuru venyika dzine zvombo zvenyukireya - uye kune vamwe vavo pasi peinonzi "amburera yenyukireya" - ndinotaura izvi: Teererai kune kwedu uchapupu Teerera yambiro yedu. Uye ziva kuti zviito zvako ndivo zvakakosha. Iwe umwe neumwe chikamu chinokosha chegadziriro yechisimba iyo inoparadza vanhu. Ngatitei tose takasvinurira kubvisa kwechakaipa.

Kune mutungamiri wega wega uye mutungamiri wehurudzi rwose rwepasi, ndinokukumbirai: Shandisai chibvumirano; zvinopedza zvachose kutyisidzira kwekuparadza kwenyukireya.

Pandaive musikana ane makore gumi nematatu ekuberekwa, ndakabatwa mumarara anopfungaira, ndakaramba ndichisunda. Ndakaramba ndichifamba ndichienda kuchiedza. Uye ndakapona. Chiedza chedu ikozvino chibvumirano chekurambidza. Kune vese vari mune ino horo uye vese vanoteerera kutenderera pasirese, ndinodzokorora iwo mazwi andakanzwa achisheedzwa kwandiri mumatongo eHiroshima: “Usakanda mapfumo pasi! Ramba uchimanikidza! Munoona mwenje? Kambaira wakananga kwariri. ”

Nhasi, sezvatinofamba mumigwagwa yeOslo ine mazhenje anopisa, ngationei titeverei kunze kweusiku husiku hwehuyukireya. Hazvinei kuti zvipingamupinyi zvatinotarisana nazvo, ticharamba tichifamba uye tichingoramba tichipfuurira uye tichiramba tichiudza vamwe chiedza ichi. Ichi ndicho chido chedu nekuzvipira kwedu kune imwe nyika inokosha kuti tirarame.