NaJoanne Laurier, Chivabvu 30, 2017.
Reposted June 3, 2017 kubva World Socialist Webhusaiti.
Yakanyorwa uye yakatungamirirwa naDavid Michôd
Iyo Netflix satire War Machine ibasa rine simba rinoratidza kusava nematuro uye kupenga kwehondo muzhinji uye hondo muAfghanistan kunyanya. Iyi firimu inomutsidzira tsika inoremekedzwa yeanopesana nemauto uye anopesana nehondo mutambo uye komedhi muUS, iyo vezvenhau nevekumisikidzwa vakafunga (kana kuti vaitarisira) yakanga yakatsikirirwa uye kunyange kudzimwa.
Rakanyorwa uye kutungamirwa naDavid Michôd wekuAustralia, uye rakagadzirwa naBrad Pitt, iro bhaisikopo rakavakirwa pabhuku risiri rekunyepedzera ra2012. The Operators: The Wild uye Inotyisa Mukati Nyaya yeHondo yeAmerica muAfghanistan, nemutori wenhau weAmerica mushakabvu Michael Hastings.
Hastings, ane makore makumi matatu nematatu chete paakafa mumamiriro ezvinhu aifungirwa muna Chikumi 33, akanyora "The Runaway General," chinyorwa che. Rolling Stone muna 2010 zvakazoita kuti Gen. Stanley McChrystal abviswe pachigaro chake sechinzvimbo chemukuru weUS muAfghanistan. War Machine inyaya yekunyepedzera yekugara kwaMcChrystal muAfghanistan uye zviitiko zvakatungamira mukupfurwa kwake.
Brad Pitt mukati War MachineMumufirimu, Pitt anotamba Gen. Glen McMahon ane bvudzi replatinum uyo, muna 2009, achangobva kugadzwa kuti atungamirire hondo muAfghanistan, yatova mugore rechisere reropa. McMahon, maererano nerondedzero, anosvika patsva kubva "munzvimbo yakabudirira yekumhanyisa muchina wekuuraya wakavanzika muIraq." Munyori, Sean Cullen (Scoot McNairy), a Rolling Stone mutapi wenhau, anotsanangura mukuru se " kudzokera kune imwe nhambo,” ruoko rwake “rwakakombamira munzara yechigarire, sokunge rakanga richakabatira mudzanga weHondo Yenyika II.”
Nechiso chakaoma nechando uye kutsvuka kusinganzwisisike, McMahon anomhanya mamaira manomwe asati adya kudya kwemangwanani, anongorara kwemaawa mashoma husiku uye akanzi "Shumba King, G-Man, Big Glen uye, kazhinji, Glenimal" nevaaifamba navo. zvemadhiri. Kumberi kwepakiti iyi kune psychopathic Greg Pulver (Anthony Michael Hall), zvakasununguka kubva kuna Gen. Michael Flynn-anotsanangurwa nemushandi mubhuku raHastings se "gonzo paasidhi." Dzimwe nhengo dzinosanganisira Cory Staggart (John Magaro) sechipangamazano waMcMahon akakosha mabasa uye Matt Little (Topher Nyasha) saiye semuongorori wake wenhau.
Michôd's War Machine inopa hondo muAfghanistan sedebacle, inotungamirirwa nemapenzi uye egomaniacs (muHastings ' The Operators, munyori anotsanangura hondo se "clusterfuck" iyo "yakazvidza kuongororwa kunogutsa").
Kunyomba kwakanangana nemauto eAmerica nezvematongerwo enyika kunotanga pakutanga, apo munyori anopopotera, “Ah, America. Iwe unopenya wekudzikama uye nemhinduro yakaenzana. Munounza kudzikama uye kunaka kunyika. "
Iko kunetsana kunoratidzwa sechirongwa chakaparara zvachose. Panyaya iyi, toni inotangwa kare nemutori wenhau-munyori, uyo anotaura nezve "mhando mbiri dzevakuru muuto reAmerica. Kune avo vanotenda kuti vanogona kukunda pamberi pehumbowo hwese hunopesana. Uye kune vanoziva kuti havagone. Pasihonena, vakuronambunga va hepa kugazadara ko.
Murondedzeri anoomerera pakuwana "chibatiso pakupenga kwehondo yemazuva ano yeAmerica." Anotsanangura kuti mauto eUS "counterinsurgency" zano (McMahon ane yake yakasarudzika vhezheni-SNORPP, ipfupi yeSystem Negation Yekudzokorodza Procedural Practice) inomhanya ichipesana nemamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika. “Apo … uchangoenda nechisimba panzvimbo yausingafaniri kuva nayo, unopedzisira wava kurwisana nevanhuwo zvavo vakapfeka mbatya dzevanhu. Varume ava ndivo vanonzi vapanduki. Chaizvoizvo, vangori vakomana vakanhonga zvombo… Sezvineiwo zvakakwana ... mhirizhonga iri pedyo nekutadza kukunda. "
War Machine's voice-over inonongedza kuti maBritish neFrench vakaedza kunamatira kune "humambo hwavo hwakaputsika" kuburikidza nekupikisa uye kuedza kwakakundikana. “Haungaite kuti nyika ivimbe nokuipinda nechisimba. Iwe haugone kuvaka rudzi nepfuti.
Iyi firimu yekugara kwaMcChrystal/McMahon muAfghanistan inosanganisira kunetsana kwemukuru wemauto nevakuru vehurumende yaObama pamusoro pekuburitswa kweongororo yake yekutanga (iyo yavanoda kugara pairi uye yaakazoburitsa kune vezvenhau vekuUS) uye, zvichibva paongororo iyoyo, zvinoda makumi ezviuru zvemamwe mauto. War Machine inopa chikamu chenguva yayo uye simba kuhondo yeAfghan hondo yehondo muEurope yose, kwaanoedza kusimudza mamwe masoja kubva kune vanozengurira US vanobatana. Inobatawo pafungidziro yake yekukunda "moyo nepfungwa" dzevanhu veAfghan, ne "simba risingarambiki uye simba rezvinangwa zvedu." Kubatsira kudira mvura inotonhora pane izvo zvingaite, vakuru veAmerica vanozivisa mukuru kuti chirimwa chega chega chega chinozobvumira varimi veko kukura mapoppies ekutengesa heroin.
War MachineHazvigoneke kana kudikanwa kurondedzera zvese, asi zvimwe zvikamu nemadingindira zvinobuda pachena. Ivo vanomira pachena, pamusoro pezvose, nekuti vanopokana nenhau yepamutemo yeUS media nevezvematongerwo enyika, iyo inowana kutaura kwakafanana mufirimu neterevhizheni. Nemamwe mashoko, War Machine anopinda nenhema huru.
Imwe yeanonyanya kushamisa uye akareba kutevedzana anoitika kana McMahon asangana nechikamu cheMarines, achangodzoka kubva kunozorora uye kugadzirisa muItari, uye watichasangana naye zvakare. Mumwe murwi muduku mutema (Lakeith Stanfield) anonyunyuta kuna McMahon, kuti: “Handigoni kuziva musiyano pakati pavanhu nomuvengi. Vose vakafanana kwandiri. Ndine chokwadi chekuti vanhu vamwe chete, changamire. Kwaanopindura mukuru weAfghan, "Dzimwe nguva kana uchinge uchitarisana nekumukira, hausi kuzove pachena zana kuti muvengi ndiani."
Kana McMahon aine mauto ake "kuvhiya," anotanga kuronga Operation Moshtarak, ine chinangwa chekubvisa maTaliban muguta reMarjah uye kuparadza simba rayo muHelmand Province (iyo McMahon achangobva kuudzwa nemukuru wemauto weBritish "akarasika." chikonzero").
Panguva yehondo yaMarjah kufa kwemwana wekuAfghan kunoshungurudza murwi mutema mumwecheteyo. Mumwe Sergeant weMarine anopa mari uye mazwi asina maturo kuna baba vari kuchema. Gare gare, mumwe mushanduri anodzokorora kunyunyuta kwakajeka kwomumwe murume womunzvimbomo kuna McMahon, kuti: “Uye zuva rimwe nerimwe raunopedza nguva refu uri pano, zvinotonyanya kuipa kwavari [vagari vemo] paunoenda. Saka ndapota, ibva ikozvino. Ndapota."
Mufananidzo wakananga weMutungamiriri weAfghan Hamid Karzai (Ben Kingsley), chidhori cheWashington, mu. War Machine inowedzera yakasviba uye ine hupenyu hwekomi note.
Mune chimwe chiitiko, McMahon anonzwa achisungirwa kutsvaga mvumo yaKarzai yeOperation Moshtarak, uye anonyunyuta kumutungamiri wenyika, waasina kukwanisa kusvika, kuti haasi kuzvibata "semutungamiri."
Karzai-Kingsley anopindura zvine hungwaru, asi nemufaro, “Asi ndiri kuzvibata semutungamiri. Handisi kuwanikwa. Ini handiwanikwe kwamuri sezvakaita mutungamiri wenyu. Hmm? Ndine mvumo yangu, General. Tose tinoziva kuti yakanga isiri yangu chaiyo kupa. Asi… ndinokutendai nekundikoka kuti nditore chikamu mumitambo yacho yese.”
The performances in War Machine ratidza kufunga kwechokwadi nekuzvipira. Vatambi pano, kamwechete, vanobatanidzwa kune chokwadi chakakosha.
Pitt anotakura huremu hukuru mufirimu, uye anotakura zvinoyemurika. Anotigonesa “kupinda mupfungwa [uye mweya usina chinhu] weGlen McMahon,” uyu mupengo une maoko ane mugumo wenhamba huru yevanhu. Yakawanda yebasa rinosanganisira kudhirowa, kushoropodza, kwete chimwe chinhu chakaitwa nevatambi vekuAmerica zvakawanda mumakumi emakore apfuura. Kazhinji kazhinji vatambi vanoda kudiwa. Pitt anoramba asingadiwi uye asinganakidzi zvachose, sezvaanofanira kuita.
Pitt naBen KingsleyMukuru wacho itsotsi. Zvinonzi akazvipira kuchengetedza vagari vemo vari vapenyu uye vachinzwira tsitsi, anotungamira mhosva dzehondo. Anozivikanwa nokuda kwesimba rake risingadzoreki uye kutsunga, asi izvo zvinotungamirira kuchii? Kuparadza, kuparwa kwemhosva ... maitiro ake ekuti “vanhu,” “munhu wevanhu” ndiwo mumwe hunhu. Sokutaura kunoita munyori, “Glen aizivikanwa somurume anozvininipisa. Asi kuzvininipisa nenzira iyo inoti, ‘Kuzvininipisa kwangu kunondiita ndiri nani kupfuura iwe.’”
Hall inopa Pulver-Flynn ("Zita rake repamutemo raive dhairekita wehungwaru, asi chandakaona aive mukomana aive nenyaya dzehasha hupenyu hwaive husina zvahunoreva pasina Glen.") yake inotyisa. Tilda Swinton, semutongi wezvematongerwo enyika wekuGermany ane rugare anobvunza hutsinye hwaMcMahon "arithmetic," anoita chiratidzo panguva yake pfupi pachiratidziri.
Kwete zvese zviri mukati War Machine anoshanda. Pane nyaya dze toni uye kuenderana uye kumhanya. Chikamu chekutanga chemufirimu chinowedzera kubudirira. Chikamu cheEurope, umo isu tinopupurira idiosyncrasies uye kusazvibata kwechikwata chaMcMahon, chinokwevera zvishoma. Zvikuru zvechipiri nyaya dzinomuka kamwe kamwe.
Iyi firimu haipindire mune yakakura geopolitical real kuseri kwehondo drive muMiddle East neCentral Asia. Zvinechekuita neizvozvo pamwe, iyo Netflix bhaisikopo comic, tisingatauri nguva nenguva inobhururuka, chinhu hachienderane pane dzimwe nguva nekuipa kwemamiriro ezvinhu. Kutenda kwake, Michôd anobvumira dambudziko kuti riitike mumitambo yekupedzisira yefirimu, asi dzimwe nguva basa racho rinotambura nekudzikama sezvarinoyedza kuwana kuenzanisa pakati perima nechiedza.
Zvisinei, kunyange kukundikana mukati War Machine inofanira kuonekwa munhoroondo uye unyanzvi. Michôd, Pitt necompany vari kufamba munzvimbo isingazivikanwe mazuva ano. Kunyomba nekunyomba mauto eAmerica "anobwinya", achidonha ropa kubva paburi rega rega, zvave zvisiri pamutemo muUS. Ruvengo rwakapararira rwakapararira kuzana ramakore rehondo ine hutsinye uye kune vezvematongerwo enyika nevakuru vemauto vakazviita havawani mukana mutsika dzeAmerica. Pano, kamwe chete, kusemesa kwepent-up uye kutyisa kunouya.
Michôd anotsanangura mubvunzurudzo, "Kusuwa kukuru uye kunetseka kukuru ndekwekuti isu-uye nesu, ndinoreva United States nevabatsiri vayo, kusanganisira nyika yangu huru, Australia-havasati vari muhondo chete muAfghanistan, asi kuti 'War on Terror' yawedzera iko zvino kusvika kune dzimwe nyika nhanhatu kana nomwe dzakasiyana. Uye zvinokatyamadza kwandiri kuti zvinhu izvi zvinoita sezvisina kutaurwa nezvazvo. ”
Akaudza mumwe aibvunzurudza kuti, “Uye, pane imwe nguva, ndichiri kutsanangura bhaisikopo, ndakaona kuti zvandaida kuita zvaisangova zvekugadzira bhaisikopo pamusoro pehupengo hwehondo asi ndaida kuti bhaisikopo rinzwe kupenga. Ndaida kuumba rudzi rwakapinza uye runodudzwa tonal schism pakati peiyo yepamusoro executive level nebhutsu pasi kuitira kuti musiyano iwoyo uwedzere kujeka. "
Vatsoropodzi vazhinjisa havana kugadzikana nazvo War Machine. Vanosarudza humwe hutera senzira yekuramba kutsoropodza kwakapinza uye kwenguva refu kwefirimu. Kusiyana-siyana, semuenzaniso, vanonyomba vanotaura nezvefirimu raMichôd se“inodhura,” “bhajeti guru reNetflix rinokanganisa” uye “kunyomba kusiririsa.” Musoro wekuongorora weCNN unoti, "Brad Pitt's 'War Machine' inobata paNetflix."
Ava ndivo vamwe vevanhu vamwe chete vanowana kuomarara nekudzika mumarara eHollywood anowanzo buda kunze, kusanganisira maekisesaizi ayo mumhirizhonga yepfungwa, pamwe chete nemabhaisikopo ebhuku remagamba neanosetsa.
Muchokwadi, kana chokwadi chikaudzwa, vatsoropodzi nevezvenhau vanowanzo zivikanwa neuto reUS uye dhiraivha yayo yepasi rose hegemony. Ivo vanongoita zvechisikigo kune chero kuratidzwa kwemasangano anochengetedza masheya avo uye hupenyu hwakasununguka. Vanotsamwa kuti kubvumirana kwepasi rose nezve "hondo yevanotyisa," imwe nhema huru, yakaputswa.
