By Gar Smith, January 19, 2018, Zvakashata.
A ichangobva kusunungurwa "Pre-sarudzo yedrafti" yePentagon's 2018 Nuclear Posture Ongororo inodaidzira kuvandudzwa kwechizvarwa chitsva che "low-goho" mabhomba enyukireya - zvombo zvinozivikanwa zviri nani neanoyevedza akanaka sobriquet: "mini-nukes."
Sekureva kwePosture Ongororo - mubatanidzwa wePentagon / Dhipatimendi reMagetsi - chinangwa ndechekuti "dziviriro yenyukireya yeUnited States ive yazvino, yakasimba, inoshanduka-shanduka, inogadzikana, yakagadzirira, uye zvakafanira kuti vadzivise kutyisidzira kwezana ramakore rechi21 nekusimbisa shamwari dzedu. ”
Pentagon inoti mutsara mutsva wemafashoni, akanyatsogadzirirwa mini-nukes zvaizopa mauto "mamwe sarudzo" uye "akachinjika zvakanyanya." Panzvimbo pekutarisana nekutyisidzira kunotyisa kwekupinda muhondo yenyukireya ine 400-kiloton thermonuclear nyukireya-mhondi, mini-nukes dzaizosunungura varongi vemauto eWashington kuti varove vavengi vayo nezvidiki, zvinonakidza "zvinoputika" zveatomic tyisidziro iyo inogona kuparadza chero chinhu mukati mamaira imwe yeGiround Zero.
Wemuchadenga Gen. Paul Selva, mutevedzeri wasachigaro weJoint Chiefs yeVashandi, Akagoverana iyi atomiki conundrum neboka rekudzivirira indasitiri muna Nyamavhuvhu 2017. "Kana chete sarudzo dzatinadzo ikozvino kuenda nezvombo zvine zvibereko zvepamusoro zvinogadzira mwero wekuuraya zvisina tsarukano izvo mutungamiri asingakwanise kugamuchira," Selva akatsanangura, "isu takabatana 'ndakamupa mukana. "
"Hazvidiwe!" vanoshoropodza nyukireya vanopindura. Kuderedza chikumbaridzo chekushandiswa kwezvombo zvenyukireya kunongowedzera mukana wekupokana kukuru. Mini-nuke pano, mini-nuke ipapo, uye nekukurumidza kupfuura iwe zvaungati "Amagedhoni," masimba masere enyukireya anobvumidzwa (uye vanobuda kunze seIsrael) vese vanogona kunge vachienda kubhasikiti.
Kunze kwezvo, se kutsoropodzwa mu Roll Call zvinyorwa, chetatu chePentagon yezvino arsenal yezvombo zveatomu yatove "yakaderera-goho" kana ari "anochinja masisitimu" anokwanisa "kudanwa kumashure." Iyo B61, semuenzaniso, ishanduko yenyukireya ine kuputika kunogona kugadziriswa kubva pasi pechikiroton kusvika pakurova 340 kilotons, nepo W80 mahedhifutu akasungirirwa pamhepo-yakavhenekwa vhezheni mikombero inogona kuiswa mudenga kubva shanu kusvika 150 kilomita.
Pentagon yekupedzisira yakaedza kukwidza chirimwa chitsva chemabhomba-madiki kumashure mumazuva apo George W. Bush aive muhofisi - asi Congress haina kutora chirauro. Kune basa rimwe chete rezvombo zvenyukireya, maererano naSen.Dianne Feinstein, uye ndiko kudzivisa. "Hatigone, hatifanirwe, kuzombotarisa mashandisiro avo chaiwo." Ndiyo nzira yekudzivirira Anofungidzirwa kushanda: Nyowani inoda kuve yakakura zvekuti munhu wese anoramba achitya kusvika kurufu yekushandisa imwe. (Sezvineiwo, iro chairo rezvombo zvenyukireya rakatadza kudzora dzimwe nyika kubva mukuda kuvaka zvombo zveatomiki. Panzvimbo pekuita sekudzivirira, kuvapo kwemaoko nyowani kwenyukireya kunodudzira kuwedzera.)
Zvichakadaro, mweya isingadzoreke kwaTrump Defense Sayenzi Bhodhi (Pentagon kuraira timu inosanganisira akarega basa emauto / maindasitiri mhando) haina kudzikiswa. Muna Kukadzi 2017 ivo zvakare vakasimudza tarisiro ye "kuenda padiki" uye, mwedzi mitanhatu zvichienda, mutevedzeri wasachigaro weJoint Chiefs akakwirawo mukati me mini-nuke bombwagon.
Fox News akabatana ne-pro-mini kampeni munaNovember 2017 nechikumbiro chakaita kuti kushandiswa kweya mini-nukes kuoneke kunge kwakabudirira.
"Mini-nuke yega yega inogona kunge yakatarwa nedanho rakakodzera, rekuparadza," mutori wenhau weFox Allison Barrie rhapsodized. Vanogona "kunanga nekuparadza vanoti maira maira - pasina nzvimbo dziri kunze kwemiraira idzodzo dzakarohwa."
Ehe, Barrie akabvuma, "radiation uye zvimwe zvinotyisidzira zvine hukama zvaizoramba zvichikura kupfuura nzvimbo yekufema." Asi, kwete kunetseka: iyo inokonzeresa yeatomic blast ichave "yakanyanya kudzorwa" uye "kusiana-goho mini-nukes inogona kupa mukana wekuchinjika uye sarudzo."
Chokwadi, Barrie anoti, 100-kiloton-baby-bhomba kuputika kunogona "kungangoparadza guta," asi kwete, mufunge, nenzira isina basa. Iine "mini-nuke inogadziriswa," iyo US yaigona "kusarura nekunanga vanokanganisa nekudzora vanhu vasina kufa."
Zano rekuti "mutadzi" mumwe chete anogona kuburitswa neyakagadzika mini-nuke angave akaomera kunyange Fox kumedza. Barrie akakurumidza kuronga chinzvimbo chinotsiva: "Panzvimbo pekuburitsa chombo chenyukireya chinogona kuuraya vanhu vese venyika" Barrie akanyora, "VaTrump vangave nesarudzo yekushandisa mini-nuke yakagadzirirwa kurwisa kuiswa kweuto kunengozi."
Politico inocherekedza kuti zvombo zvenyukireya zvazvino uno, kunge maW88 warheads akasungirirwa kumakesi akapfurwa-pasi, anokwanisa kuendesa yakakomba 475-kiloton atomic punch. (Hondo yehondo yakadzvanywa neNorth Korea munaGunyana 2017 yakayerwa pamakiromita zana nemakumi mairi.) Asi kumashure mumazuva ekutanga eWest West ekuputira bhomba renyukireya, Pentagon yaive yatove nezvombo zvehondo zvidiki.
Aya ma mini-nukes ekutanga aisanganisira yenyukireya yemauto akadaidzwa kuti "Honest John" uye bhomba-rakapiswa bhomba reatomiki inonzi "Davy Crockett," ine inoputika yakaenzana ne10-20 kilotoni.
Uyezve kwaive nehutongi hwePentagon "matomu ekuparadza maatomu." Aya maatomu michina aive madiki zvekuti musoja wemauto aigona kufamba imwe mumashure memaraini evavengi akaiswa mukati mekabhegi kake. "Chaive bhegi rinorema kwazvo," Pentagon Weaponeer Philip Coyle akaudza Politico. "Haungade kuenda nazvo kure."
Saka nei paine nyowani bhajeti-iri kusimudzira mega Push ye mini-nukes? Mhinduro yacho yakafanana nechikonzero chakakonzera kudanwa kwaObama / VaTrump kwekuti "kuvandudza" zvombo zvenyukireya zveUS - nemutengo we $ 1 trillion mumakore makumi matatu anotevera.
"Iyi inguruve yenyukireya yakahwanda senano yenyukireya," Joe Cirincione, purezidhendi wemauto ehondo Plowshares Fund, akaudza Politico. “Ichi chirongwa chemabasa chemalabhoramu ehurumende nemakontrakta mashoma…. Iyo yaizodzikisa chikumbaridzo chekushandisa kwenyukireya. Izvo zvaizoita kuti hondo yenyukireya inyanye. Izvo zvinobva mukunyepedzera kuti iwe unogona kushandisa chombo chenyukireya uye kupedza kupokana pamashoko akanaka. Ukangoyambuka chikamu chenyukireya, urikukoka mhinduro yenyukireya. ”
Uye ikozvino tasvika kukakavadzano yakasimba pane dzese dzekudzivisa vanyengeri ve mini-nukery. Zvinosanganisira kutaura kuti kupwanya izvi zvombo zvidiki - zvine huwandu hunoputika hwe10-20 kilotoni - zvingangomiririra kudzikira kwekukuvara uye kudzikiswa kwenjodzi dzehondo yakafara yenyukireya.
Ehe, "mini-nuke" ine blast profile ye10-20 kilotons inogona kunge isinganyanye kukuvadza kupfuura iyo 15,000-kiloton Castle Bravo chishandiso iyo Pentagon yakadhonza pamusoro peMarshall Islands muna 1954. Asi pane kumwe kuenzanisa kwakanyanya kunoisa iyo yakazara "mini-nuke" nharo muchiedza chitsva:
Hiroshima, Japan, yakaparadzwa nebhomba rimwe chete remakiromita gumi nemashanu. Hongu, "mini-nuke."
Copyright, Shona. Yakanyorwa zvakare mvumo.
Gar Smith mupi-anokunda muongorori wekuongorora mutori wenhau, cofounder we Zvakatipoteredza Kurwisa Hondo, munyori we Nyukireya Roulette: Chokwadi nezve Chakanyanya Kuipa Isimba Simba Kwazvo Pasi (Chelsea Green Publishing, 2012) uye mupepeti we Hondo neIndaneti Reader (Just World Mabhuku, 2017).
