NaBrad Wolf, Patterson Deppen, Magazini Inofambira Mberi, August 19, 2021
Kubva Hondo Yenyika II, masoja eU.S. vakamira pamauto eUS akatenderera pasirese. Nhasi, varipo kuzere 750 mabhesi akadaro mune dzimwe nyika makumi masere nemakoloni.
Inoyerwa maererano nemauto echiuto, United States ine iyo hukuru hukuru munhoroondo yenyika. Inochengetedza 80 kune 90 muzana dzese dzekunze mauto zvigaro paPasi.
Chinangwa chakataurwa cheichi chitsoka chemauto ndechekuchengetedza runyararo, kuchengetedza vanobatana, kudzivirira nzira dzekutengeserana, uye kutsigira zvisungo zveruzhinji. Asi kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti mabheseni aya ane mhedzisiro inopesana: Ivo vanowedzera kusagadzikana kwepasirese, vanogumbura chigumbu chemuno, vanoisa njodzi kune vanobatana, vanosvibisa nyika, uye vanowedzera mukana wehondo.
Pentagon inoona yayo yepasirese network yezvigaro sechikamu cheayo "kutonga kwakazara. ” Iyo inogona zvakare kunzi imperialism, colonialism, kana yekupedzisira shuwa zviito zvehushe hwakatambanudzwa.
Kunyangwe nhengo yepamusoro-soro yemasoja, sachigaro weJoint Chiefs of Staff Mark Milley, vanobvuma kuti United States, sezvaakaisa Zvita apfuura, ine "zvivakwa zvakawandisa mhiri kwemakungwa." Akadaidzira "kutarisa kwakaomarara, kwakaoma," achiti nzvimbo zhinji dzekunze kwenyika "dzakabva pakaperera Hondo Yenyika II."
Asi mabhesi anoramba aripo, akapararira munzvimbo dzakawanda dziri kure uko kunyangwe iyo Pentagon unogona kuchengeta kuverenga. Asi zvinoita sekunge huwandu hwemabhesi hwave kuderera mumakore achangopfuura, kusvika paari pazasi-nguva yezana ramakumi maviri nerimwe.
MuAfghanistan, hapana mabheseni emauto eUS asara. Kwangoti pfuurei mwedzi mwedzi Taliban isati yakwira nekukurumidza kutonga muKabul svondo rino, mauto eUS akasiya nhare yake yekupedzisira, Bagram Ndege, pakati pousiku. Nekuenderera mberi kwekudonha muIraq, vatanhatu chete vanosara imomo. Pakukwirira kwe "hondo yepasi rose pamusoro pekutya," paive nemazana ezvigaro uye zvidiki zvehondo zvehondo munyika mbiri idzi.
Asi, sezvo mabheseni eUS achivhara, akawanda anokurudzirwa kana kuvakwa kumwe kunhu. Uye saka huwandu hwese hwamabhesi hunoramba husina kujeka uye mukufashukira, gadziriro inokodzera Pentagon.
MuGuam, kuvaka ikozvino kuri kuitwa kuvaka Camp Blaz, yekutanga mauto eUS mudunhu kubvira 1952. Mamwe mabhesheni anotsanangurwa pane zvimwe zviwi zvidiki muPacific, kusanganisira Palau, Yap, uye Tinian. Zvizhinji zvezvidiki, zvakavanzika zvakavanzika zvinotenderera pasirese, izvo izvo mauto zvino zvaanoreva se "Maruva-epedhi mabheseni." Izvi zvinogona kuvharira dzimba isingasviki zana remasoja uye vogara munzvimbo dziri kure dzisingazivikanwe kunyangwe kunhengo zhinji dzeCongress.
Nei United States ichida mabheseni mazhinji mhiri kwemakungwa? Mhinduro pfupi ndeyekuti haina.
Mukupindura kuwanda kunokatyamadza kwemauto eUS kunze kwenyika, iyo Kubatana Nezvidzidzo zvehondo zvekuAmerica kune dzimwe nyika, boka remasangano gumi nemana akazvipira kuvhara mabhesheni ese ekunze, rakagadzirwa muna 2017. Inopokana kuti mabheseni aya ndiwo "makuru ekushandisa ekutonga kwehumambo hwepasi rose nekukuvara kwezvakatipoteredza" uye vanoona kuvhara sedanho rinodiwa kuenda kune "kururamisira, runyararo uye inoenderera mberi. ”
The Overseas Base Kugadziriswa uye Kuvhara Mubatanidzwa, yakavambwa muna 2018, zvakare inotsvaga kuita kuti pasi rive rakachengeteka uye rive rakachengeteka, pamwe nekuchengetedza mabhiriyoni emadhora, nekudzora huwandu hwamabhesi. Boka iri, rinoumbwa nemapurofesa emayunivhesiti, vakuru vakuru vechiuto vari pamudyandigere, uye masangano emitemo ekunze, rinoti kuchengetedza mabheseni mazhinji ekunze "kunokanganisa kuchengetedzeka kwenyika nenyika."
World BEYOND War's "Kwete Bases Campaign”Inoshingairira kutsvaga kuvharwa kwenzvimbo dzese dzeUS dzekunze. Iyo Black Alliance Yerunyararo, neayo “US Kunze kweAfrica Network, ”Inodaidzira kubviswa kwakazara kwemauto eU.S. kubva muAfrica, kudzikiswa kwekondinendi yeAfrica, uye kuvharwa kwenzvimbo dzese dzekunze dzepasi rose. Rudzi Rutsvuku, Sangano rezvematongerwo enyika rinotungamirwa neVanhu venyika, rinodudza mazana emabhesi ekunze eUS senzvimbo huru yekupokana mune yayo ichangoburwa chirongwa chezvematongerwo enyika.
Aya mapoka ari kutora iyo nguva semukana wekuchinja kwakakosha. Iyo Biden Administration yakazvipira kune Ongororo Yepasi Pose kuongorora zvakare kuendeswa kwemauto epasi rose. Sekureva kwaAndrew Bacevich, purezidhendi we Quincy Sisitimu Yekuzvidavirira Statecraft, naDavid Vine, munyori wemabhuku ekare pamusoro wenyaya, Base Nation uye United States yeHondo, iyi Global Posture Review inopa mukana we "kuvhara mabhesiki nokungwarira uye zvine mutsigo, kuchengetedza mari, uye kuvaka zvakare mubatanidzwa weUS nekuvapo kwevamiriri pasi rese."
Kune vazhinji muhurumende, zvakaoma kufungidzira chero imwe nzira yemutemo wezvekunze kunze kwekukanganisa nyika. Asi kumanikidzwa kubva mumapoka aya nemasangano, kuumbika kwavo kwakasiyana, uye kurira kwekupokana kwavo, kunoita kuti shanduko iite senge inogoneka. Munyika yakazara nehondo, shanduko iyoyo haigone kuuya nekukasira.