NeElliott Adams, WarIsIchirime.org
June 6th akauya zvakare. D-zuva raive nguva refu yapfuura uye ini ndanga ndisingadi kuita chero chayo. Ndakashamiswa nekushushikana kwepamoyo kwandainzwa, nemanzwiro andakaita nezvezuva iri mumatumbu angu. Ndakaona kuti nepo ini ndakazvarwa mushure mehondo yapera, D-zuva neHondo Yenyika II zvaive zvechokwadi uye zvinobatika chikamu chehudiki hwangu. Yaive chikamu chehupenyu hwemhuri yangu, vadzidzisi vangu vanorarama, shamwari dzangu hupenyu hwevabereki. Vakanga vasiri vakuru chete varume vakazvirangarira, munhu mukuru wese muhudiki hwangu aive nenyaya kubva kuhondo iyoyo. Iwo aive amputees pamakona emigwagwa vachitengesa mapenzura uye vanhu vakandikomberedza vachiri kubata nazvo. Yakanga iri chikamu chehupenyu hwangu uye yakaita chinzvimbo pakunyoresa kwangu kuVietnam. Chokwadi ndainzwa zuva iri muhunhu hwangu. Sei ndakafunga kuti zvaizove zvimwe?
Idzo nyaya dzaive chikamu chenyika yandakakurira mairi; nyaya dzeD-zuva, yeavo vese vanopikisa-espionage mumiririri kwegore vachiti kurwisa kwekutanga kuchave kupera, kwefantom 1 Army ine matangi ekunyepedzera, manyepo enhepfenyuro redhiyo nematende asina chinhu anotaridzika seuto rakamirira kuuya kwekukurumidza, Omaha Beach, yeUtah Beach. Rufu, kukanganisa kwemauto, kuremadzwa, kubudirira, "kuwanikwa" kwemisasa yevasungwa, Hondo yeBulge, idzi nyaya dzaive dzinooneka uye chikamu chehudiki hwangu. Dzakawanda dzenyaya dzakataurwa mushure mekunge ndange ndiri pamubhedha, pakudya kwemangwanani dzakataurwa nezvinyararire nevabereki vangu, uye isu vana takaudzwa kuti tisambobvunza vakuru nezvazvo.
Saka chii chiri nhaka yeWWII? Kune vanhu vakandikomberedza muhudiki hwangu yanga isiri D-zuva kana kunyangwe VE zuva kana VJ zuva. Izvo zvaingova mucherechedzo wekuzorora, wemufaro, wekuti hondo yaizopera. Hondo haina kurwirwa kungokunda hondo. Kwete, vakuru vehudiki hwangu vaiziva kuti paive nenyaya hombe - tinoita sei kuti izvi zvisazomboitika zvakare? Mune ruzivo rwavo, nyika yaisakwanisa kurarama kuburikidza neimwe hondo yenyika, uye yaisakwanisa kuwana imwe hondo zvachose. Nhaka yeHondo Yenyika II yaive mubvunzo wekuti isu tinovimbisa sei kuti anotevera anopenga, anotevera mudzvinyiriri, anotevera anorwisa nyika haatangi imwe hondo.
VaAllies vakakurukura izvi. Stalin akatenda kuti isu tinofanirwa kutora vatungamiriri veNazi vanorarama zviuru makumi mashanu tovauraya. Izvo zvaizotumira meseji yakajeka kwete kwete chete kuvatungamiriri venyika, asi kune vanhu vakaita basa kuti vaite hutsinye hwavo. Churchill, uyo netsaona anga asina kubatwa nerufu rwemamirioni makumi matatu kuEastern Front, akafunga kuti Stalin ainyanyisa. Churchill akaronga kuti kuuraya vatungamiriri vepamusoro vechiNazi zviuru zvishanu kwaizove kufa kwakaringana kuita kuti avo vangangotsigira zviitiko zvehondo zvehondo vafunge kaviri Truman akafunga kuti tinoda mutemo wemutemo, kuti isu taida kuona kuti zviitiko zvehondo izvi imhosva uye kuti vanhu vangatarisira kutongerwa ivo. Saka maNuremberg Tribunals akaumbwa. Tokyo Tribunals yakatevera, asi yaive Nuremberg ndiyo yakamisa mwero ndokusimbisa mutemo.
Robert H. Jackson, Dare Repamusorosoro reUnited States Ruramisiro uyo akatora chikamu kubva muruvanze kuti ave muvakirwi mukuru weMatare eNuremberg, yakataura munaAugust 12, 1945 "Tinofanira kujekesa maGermany kuti zvakaipa izvo vatungamiriri vavo vakawa mukutongwa hakusi kuti vakarasikirwa nehondo, asi kuti vakaitanga. Uye hatifaniri kuzvibvumira kuti tifurwe mumuedzo wezvinokonzera hondo, nokuti chinzvimbo chedu ndechokuti hapana zvipingamupinyi kana mazano anokonzera kurwisana kwehondo ine utsinye. Yakanyatsorambwa uye inopomerwa sechimbo chemutemo. "Izvi, kwete D-zuva, ndizvo izvo vanhu vouduku hwangu vakataura nezvazvo. Iyi ndiyo yaiva nhaka yehondo, ichi ndicho chakanga chakanaka chakakonzera hondo yose yakafanira nguva.
Ini ndanga ndichangobva kutaura nevamwe veUS Airmen ndikaona kuti havazive kuti maNuremberg Tribunals aive chii, kunyangwe pandakavakurudzira nemitungamiriri yakaita seWWII nemiedzo. Zvinokwanisika here kuti mushure meiyo yese ropa uye gore, iyo inogara nhaka, iko kupfupiswa kweiyo WWII yakarwirwa yakarasika? Yakarasika kunyangwe kuvanhu vedu muunifomu.
Mukugadzirira matare masimba eAllied akapasa iyo Nuremberg Charter. Izvi zvakaratidza maitiro ekutongwa nemhosva dzaizotongwa. Paisazove nekutsiva pfupiso kuuraya. Maitiro akagadzwa aive ematare akajeka uye akavhurika umo mumhan'ari mumwe nemumwe aifungidzirwa kuti haana mhosva kusvikira zvaratidza kuti ane mhosva kupfuura kusahadzika kunonzwisisika, aine kodzero yekupa humbowo hwekuzvidzivirira. Iyo Nuremberg Charter yakaenderera mberi nekumisikidza mhosva dzaizotongwa, nekudaro isu tine mazwi atinoziva isu nhasi, senge mhosva dzehondo, mhosva dzinopesana nevanhu, uye mhosva dzinopesana nerunyararo.
Icho chaive chinangwa cheMatare eNuremberg kuita kutanga hondo zvisiri pamutemo uye kutongwa, kunyangwe kuronga hondo yechisimba yaive mhosva. Mitemo mitsva yakagadzwa neNuremberg yakapfupikiswa mumitemo minomwe yeNuremberg, pakati payo kuti mutongi kana mukuru wenyika yakazvimirira haasi pamusoro pemutemo, uye anogona kutongerwa mhosva dzehondo, mhosva dzakanangana nevanhu uye mhosva dzinopesana nerunyararo. Kusvikira panguva iyoyo ivo vaiwanzotorwa pamusoro pemutemo, kana kunyatso kurangarirwa semutemo, nekudaro zvaisatongwa. Nhungamiro IV inoti kana iwe ukapinda mutsotsi yehondo, haugone kuregererwa mhosva nekuzviti iwe uchangoteedzera zvarairwa; kana iwe wanga uri chikamu chemhosva yehondo unogona kutongwa. Aya mazano maviri chete akachinja zvakanyanya tarisiro yevakuru vakuru nevashandi venyika ine hukasha uye netarisiro yaizochengetedza vatungamiriri vane hunyanzvi kuti vatange hondo nevari pasi pavo kuti vasaende navo.
Pakuvhurwa kwematare eNuremberg musi waNovember 10, 1945, Robert H. Jackson, US Mutungamiriri Mukuru weMatare eUnited States, paakabva kuDare Repamusorosoro reUnited States, akati "Ropafadzo yekuzarura muedzo wokutanga munhoroondo yezvakaipa zvinopesana nerunyararo nyika inoisa mutoro mukuru. Zvikanganiso zvatinotsvaka kutonga uye kuranga zvakave zvakaverengwa, zvakashata, uye zvinoparadza, kuti hupfumi haugoni kuvhiringidza kusateerera kwavo, nokuti haugone kuponesa kubviswa kwavo. Izvo nyika mbiri dzakakura, dzakaputirwa nekukunda uye dzakagumburwa nekukuvara dzinogara ruoko rwekutsiva uye nokuzvidira kutumira vavengi vavo vakatapwa kusvika kutongwa kwemutemo ndeimwe yezvinhu zvakakosha zvikuru izvo Simba rakambobhadharwa neChikonzero. "
Kudzokera kuna Chikumi 6 uye zvazvinoreva, veterans nevanhu vandakakurira pakati pemumvuri weHondo Yenyika II havana kutaura nezvekukunda imwe hondo, vaitenda kuti nyika haikwanise kana kurarama imwe hondo - vakataura nezveNuremberg, zvazviri zvairehwa uye tariro iyo Nuremberg yakaunza. Sezvo isu tichirangarira iro zuva, D-zuva, ngatirege kuregedza kuona izvo izvo izvo zvese izvo hupenyu zvakarasikirwa nazvo, zve izvo vanhu vakararama kuburikidza nehondo iyoyo vakaita kuchengetedza denda rehondo kubva kumbopedza pasi redu zvakare. Ita June 6 zuva rako rekufunda maNuremberg Tribunals. Tarisa kumusoro kweNuremberg Charter (inonziwo London Charter), iyo Nuremberg Tribunals uye pamwe inonyanya kukosha, iyo Nuremberg Misimboti. Zvinenge zvisiri izvo, aiwa zvaizotowedzera kupfuura zvisizvo, kuti isu tirege kurasikirwa nemamiriyoni makumi manomwe nemaviri ehupenyu, kurwadziwa, nekuparadzwa kwakaitwa neHondo Yenyika II kuve pasina nekukanganwa kwedu nezveNuremberg.
Elliot Adams ndeye Veterans For Peace (VFP) nhengo kubva kuNew York State uye mutungamiri wekare weVFP's National Board.
