Nhaurirano inotevera inodzokorora nemvumo kubva kuInquiring Mind: The Semiannual Journal yeVipassana Community, Vol. 30, Nha. 2 (Spring Spring). © 2014 nekutsvaga pfungwa.
Tinokukurudzira kuti utore kopi yeInquiring Mind's Chitubu 2014 "Hondo uye Runyararo" nyaya, inoongorora kufunga nezvemauto, kusagadzikana, uye madingindira akafanana kubva mumaonero eBuddhist. Semuenzaniso nyaya uye kunyoreswa zvinopihwa pamubhadharo-izvo-iwe-zvingatangira pawww.inquiringmind.com. Ndokumbirawo utsigire Kubvunza basa rePfungwa!
KARMA YEZVAKAITIKA:
KUSANGANA NA ANN WRIGHT
Mushure memakore mazhinji muuto reUnited States rakateverwa neWentern Service, Ann Wright iye zvino ari mutori wenyika ane simba rekurega basa kubva kuUnited States Dhipatimendi rakakanganiswa nedzidziso dzeBuddhist. Inzwi rakasiyana nedzimwe nhau dzehondo nerugare. Wright akashumira makore gumi nematatu achiita basa muUnited States Army nemakore gumi nematanhatu muHurumende Reserves, achikwira kusvika pachigaro cheColonel. Mushure meuto, akashanda makore ane gumi nematanhatu muDhipatimendi reHurumende munyika dzakabva kuUzbekistan kusvika kuGrenada uye seSevere Chief of Mission (Mutevedzeri weAmerica) kumakurukota eUnited States muAfghanistan, Sierra Leone, Micronesia neMongolia. Muna March 2003 akanga ari mumwe wevatatu vehurumende vehurumende, vese veDhipatimendi reDhipatimendi rezvematongerwo enyika, avo vakasiya basa vachipikisana nehondo muIraq. Kwemakore gumi akapfuura, Wright akashinga kutaura pamusoro pezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakasanganisira simba renyukireya uye zvombo, Gaza, kutambudzwa, kusungwa kusingagumi, Guantanamo Prison uye assassin drones. Wright's activism, kusanganisira hurukuro, marwendo epasi pose uye kusateerera kwevanhu, kwave kune simba rakanyanya murugare runyararo. Vamwe vashandi vanosimbisa kuburikidza nekukurudzira kwavo vanogona kutaura, "sezvaanoti," Heino mumwe munhu akapedza makore akawanda ehupenyu hwake muuto rehondo uye vezvematongerwe enyika uye iye zvino ari kuda kutaura pamusoro pehukama uye anokakavadza pfungwa yokuti America inofanirwa kuva nayo hondo kuitira kuti ive simba guru munyika. "
Wright anoshanda nemasangano akadai seVeterans for Peace, Code Pink: Vakadzi Vorugare, uye Peace Action. Asi achikwevera pamamiriro ake ose muuto uye muhurumende dzeUnited States, anotaura sezwi rakasununguka.
Kubvunzurudza Vaparidzi vese Alan Senauke naBarbara Gates vakabvunzurudza Ann Wright kuburikidza ne Skype munaNovember 2013.
KUNOFANIRA KUBATSIRA: Kusununguka kwako kubva kuUnited States Dhipatimendi mu2003 mukupikisana neIraq War yakaenderana nekutanga kwako kudzidza zveBuddhism. Tiudzei nezvekuti wakafarira sei Buddhism uye kuti kudzidza kweBuddha kwakakanganisa kufunga kwako sei.
ANN WRIGHT: Panguva yekurega kwangu ndaive Mutevedzeri Chief of Mission weAmerica Embassy muMongolia. Ndakanga ndatanga kudzidza magwaro echiBhudha kuitira kuti ndive nokunzwisisa zviri nani zvinyorwa zvemweya zveMongolian. Pandakasvika muMongolia, yaiva makore gumi mushure mekunge nyika yakabuda muSoviet sphere. Buddhists
vakanga vachichera zvinyorwa izvo mhuri dzavo dzakanga dzaviga makumi masere apfuura apo vaSoviet vakaparadza maBuddhist temples.
Ndakanga ndisati ndaziva ndisati ndasvika muMongolia zvakakwana kuti Buddhism yakanga iri chikamu chehupenyu hwenyika isati yatora Soviet kutora mu 1917. Pamberi remakore makumi maviri, kutaurirana kweBuddhist pfungwa pakati peMongolia neTibet kwakanga kwakanyanya; chokwadi, izwi rokuti Dalai Lama ishoko rechiMongolian rinoreva "Ocean of Wisdom."
Kunyange zvazvo vazhinji vakadzima uye madhimoni vakaurayiwa munguva yeSoviet, mumakore gumi nemashanu kubvira apo veSoviet vakasunungura mararamiro avo munyika, vazhinji veMongolia vaidzidza chitendero chakange chisingabvumirwi; matemberi matsva uye zvikoro zvakasimba zveBuddhist nemasikirwo zvakagadzirwa.
Ulan Bator, guta guru uye kwandakanga ndararama, raiva rimwe remitambo yemishonga yeTibetan. Pese pandaiva nechando kana fukirwe ndaienda kunzvimbo yemapurisa kuti ndione izvo vanachiremba ikoko vaizokurudzira, uye mukukurukurirana kwangu nemamongi nevanhu vaMongolia vaibatsira kutungamira ma pharmacy, ndakadzidza nezvezvinhu zvakasiyana zveBuddhism. Ndakatorawo kirasi yemanheru pamusoro peBuddhism uye ndakaita maverengero akakurudzirwa. Zvichida hazvishamisi vazhinji veBuddhist, zvaiita sokuti nguva dzose ini ndaizozarura kabhuku mune rimwe rutsva rwekuverenga, pangave pane chimwe chinhu chakanga chiri, oh, kunaka kwangu, zvinoshamisa sei kuti kuverenga uku kuri kutaura kwandiri.
IM: Ndeipi dzidziso dzakataura kwauri?
AW: Mhando dzeBuddhist dzakasiyana-siyana dzakakosha zvikuru kwandiri panguva yepikisano yangu yepamusoro pamusoro pokuti ndingaita sei zvandinenge ndisingawirirani neBush administration. Imwe tsanangudzo yakandiyeuchidza kuti zviito zvose zvine migumisiro, kuti nyika, sevanhu, pakupedzisira inopomerwa mhosva yezviito zvavo.
Kunyanya, Dalai Lama aSeptember 2002 mazwi mu "Kuyeuka kweChitatu Anniversary yaSeptember 11, 2001" yakakosha mukufungidzira kwangu kuIraq uye kunyange zvakakosha mukusvika kwedu kuHondo Yese yeHurumende. Dalai Lama akati, "Makakatanwa haasimuka kubva pabhuruu. Izvo zvinoitika sechikonzero chezvikonzero uye mamiriro ezvinhu, mazhinji ayo ari mukati mevadzivisi 'kutonga. Apa ndipo apo hutungamiri hunokosha. Ugandanga hahukwanisi kukundwa nekushandiswa kwesimba, nokuti haritauri zvinetso zvakaoma zvinetso. Kutaura zvazviri, kushandiswa kwesimba hakungogone kusakwanisa kugadzirisa zvinetso, zvinogona kuwedzeredza; inowanzosiya kuparadzwa uye kutambura mukati
kumuka kwayo. "
IM: Akanga achitaura kune dzidziso nekuda kwechikonzero
AW: Hongu, mhaka-uye-nharo iyo Bush administration yakaramba kutambira. Dalai Lama akacherechedza kuti United States inofanira kutarisa kune zvikonzero nei bin Ladin nesangano rake vachiuya nechisimba kuAmerica. Mushure meGulf War I, bin Laden akanga ataura kunyika kuti nei akatsamwa neAmerica: Mauto eUnited States akasiyiwa muSaudi Arabia pa "nyika tsvene yeIslam" uye nehurumende yeUnited States kuIsrael muhondo yeIsrael- Palestina.
Izvi ndizvo zvinokonzera zvisingazivikanwi nehurumende yeUnited States sezvikonzero nei vanhu vachipfuurira kukuvadza vanhu veAmerica uye "zvinodiwa zveAmerica.
Kuhurumende yeAmerica kutarisa nyika, uye zvinotyisa kuti ndinotya kuti inzvimbo isina ruzivo mupfungwa yevanhu vazhinji veAmerica kuti hatizivi izvo hurumende yedu inoita iyo inokonzera kutsamwa kwakapoteredza nyika uye inokonzera kuti vanhu vatore chisimba nechakaipa chiito pamusoro peAmerica.
Ndinotenda kuti America inofanirwa kupindura neimwe nzira nenzira dzechisimba dzinoshandiswa neAl-Qaeda. Kuparadzwa kweWorld Trade Towers, chikamu chePentagon, kuputika kweAmerica USle Cole, kuputika kwemamiriri maviri eUnited States muEast Africa, uye kuputika kweAmerican Air Force Kobar Towers muSaudi Arabia haikwanise kuenda pasina kupindura. Izvozvo zvakati, kusvikira US inonyatsobvuma kuti mitemo yeAmerica- kunyanya kupindira uye kubata kwenyika-zvinokonzera hasha munyika, uye kuchinja mararamiro ayo ekubatanidza munyika, ndinotya kuti tave kwenguva yakareba yekuzvidzivirira kupfuura makore gumi nemaviri atakatambura kuburikidza nekare.
IM: Sezvo ari nhengo yehondo yehondo uye semumiririri uye zvino sekuita zvematongerwe enyika mune zvematongerwo enyika, iwe wakaratidza kuti unotenda kuti dzimwe nguva zvakakodzera kukwevera kuhondo yehondo. Inguva ipi iyo?
AW: Ndinofunga kuti kune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu umo mauto ehondo angave ndiyo nzira chete yekudzivisa chisimba. Muna 1994 munguva yekuparadzwa kweRwanda, vanhu vanoda kusvika mamiriyoni vakaurayiwa mugore rimwe chete mukurwa pakati peVaTutsi nevaHutu. Mukufunga kwangu, boka duku reuto rinogona kunge rakapinda uye raigona kurega kuurayiwa nematende emazana ezviuru. Mutungamiri Clinton vakati kudemba kwake kukuru sekumukuru wehurumende kwaisafanira kupindira kuponesa upenyu muRwanda uye kukundikana kunotyisa kunomutambudza hupenyu hwake hwose.
IM: Hakuchina simba reUnited Nations muRwanda here?
AW: Hungu, kwaive neboka duku reUnited Nations muRwanda. Kutaura zvazviri, mutungamiri weCanada uyo akanga ari mutungamiri wesimba iroro akakumbira kubvumidzwa kubva kuUnited Security Council kushandisa simba kusimbisa kuparadzwa kwevanhu asi rakarambwa kuti mvumo. Akatambudza mupfungwa uye akaedza kuzviuraya nekuda kwekuzvidemba kwake kuti haana kupfuurira mberi nekuita zvisarudzo, achishandisa simba duku iroro kuedza kutanga kutanga kumisa kuurayiwa. Iye zvino anonzwa kuti aifanira kunge aenda mberi uye akashandisa bato rake reuto rehondo zvakare ndokubva ataura nezvekuguma kwekudzingwa neAU nekuda kwekusatevera mirairo. Ndiye mutsigiri akasimba weGenocide Intervention Network.
Ndichiri kunzwa kuti nyika iri nani apo zvisinei nemutemo, zviito zvechisimba zvinopesana nevanhu vasiri vanhu zvakamira, uye kazhinji, nzira yakanyanyisa, yakanakisisa yekugumisa zviito izvi zvine utsinye ndezvekuita kwehondo-maitiro izvo zvinosuruvarisa zvakare zvinogona kukonzera kurasikirwa noupenyu mu rusununguko rwevanhu.
IM: Sezvo wakasiya basa kubva kuDhipatimendi reHurumende mukurwisana neIraq War, sewe vagari vane hanya uye dzimwe nguva vakaora mwoyo, mave muchifamba-famba munyika yose muchiratidza maonero enyu semutsoropodzi wemitemo yehurumende pamarudzi akasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kushandiswa kwemhondi drones.
Kubva pakuona kwekuzvipira kweBuddhist kuKururama Kwekuita, kuzivikanwa, uye pfungwa yekuzvidavirira, migumisiro yezviito zvako, kushandiswa kwedrones kunonyanya kuregererwa.
AW: Nyaya yomuurayi drones yave iri chinhu chikuru mubasa rangu mumakore maviri apfuura. Ndakagadzirira kuenda kuPakistan, Afghanistan neYemen kutaura nemhuri yevanotambudzwa nehondo ye drone uye kutaura pamusoro pekunetseka kwangu pamusoro pehurumende yeSouth kune dzimwe nyika. Zvakakosha kuenda kune dzimwe nyika kubvumira vagari vemo ikoko kuti vazive mamiriyoni eAmerica anonyatsopesana neBrazil Administration pamashandisi ekuuraya drones.
IU.America iye zvino inokwanisa munhu pane Creech Air Force Base muNevada kugara pachigaro chisingafadzi uye, nekutora kombiyuta, kuuraya vanhu pakati pepasi rose. Vana vaduku vari kudzidza kudziuraya teknolojia kubva panguva iyo vane makore mana kana mashanu. Mitambo yemakombiyuta iri kudzidzisa sangano redu kuuraya nekudzivirirwa kubva pamanzwiro emweya uye emweya ekurasikirwa-kutaridzirwa kuurayiwa. Vanhu vari pachigadziko havasi vanhu, mitambo yedu yemakombiyuta inoti.
Chipiri Chepiri, inozivikanwa kuWashington se "Terror Chipiri," mutungamiri anowana runyararo rwevanhu, kazhinji munyika dzisina US, asi mahofisi gumi nemanomwe ekuchenjera eUnited States aona seakaita chimwe chinopesana neUnited Nyika dzavanofanira kufa pasina kutonga. Mutungamiri anotarisa zvinyorwa zvishomanana zvinotsanangura zvakaitwa nemunhu mumwe nomumwe ndokubva aita chemarkmark kunze kwezita remunhu mumwe nomumwe waakasarudza kunofanira kuurayiwa.
Haisi George Bush, asi Barack Obama, gweta rezvematongerwo enyika haasi iye akadaro, uyo seMutungamiri weUnited States akatora basa remupisori, mutongi uye muurayi-kushandiswa kwemasimba kusina pamutemo, maonero angu. MaAmerica, senzanga, funga kuti tiri vakanaka uye vane rupo uye kuti tinoremekedza kodzero dzevanhu. Asi isu tiri kubvumira hurumende yedu kushandisa rudzi urwu rwokuuraya teknolojia yekuparadza vanhu hafu yenyika kure. Ndokusaka ndakanzwa ndakamanikidzwa kuedza kudzidzisa vanhu vakawanda muUnited States uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika pamusoro pezviri kuitika, nokuti zvechokwadi teknolojia inobva kunyika nemarudzi kunyika. Inopfuura makumi masere nyika ikozvino ine imwe yemhando yehondo. Vazhinji vavo havasi zvombo zvakare. Asi inongova danho rinotevera rekuisa zvombo pamadrones avo uye pamwe zvichida kunyange kuvashandisa kune avo vemuAfrica nevakadzi vavo sezvo United States yaita. IUnited States inouraya vagari vana veAmerica vaiva muYemen.
IM: Zvadaro pane inonzi blowback, iyo iyo teknolojia, iyo inowanikwa nyore nyore kune vose, inogona kushandiswa nyore nyore nesu nevamwe. Ndicho chikonzero uye chiitiko. Kana iwe unogona kuidana karma.
AW: Hungu, nyaya yose ye karma ndeimwe yezvinhu zvakandibatsira. Chinofamba-famba chinouya. Izvo isu, United States, tiri kuita kunyika ino iri kudzoka kuzotitambudza isu. Zvinyorwa zveBuddhist zvandakaita munguva yekuMongolia zvakandibatsira kuona izvi.
Pahurukuro dzakawanda dzandinopa, imwe yemibvunzo yandinowana kubva kune vateereri ndeyekuti, "Sei zvakakutora iwe nguva yakareba kuti usiye kubva kuDhipatimendi reHurumende?" Ndakapedza zvese
hupenyu hwangu huri huri huri huri hukamu hwehutsika ihwohwo uye kuratidza izvo zvandakaita muhurumende. Handina kubvumirana nemitemo yese yevatungamiri vasere vatungamiri vandaishanda pasi uye ini ndakabata mhino dzangu kune zvakawanda zvavo. Ndakawana nzira dzekushanda munzvimbo dzandakanga ndisina kunzwa sokuti ndakanga ndichikuvadza ani zvake. Asi chinangwa chakanga chiri, ndakanga ndichiri chikamu chehurongwa hwaive huri kuita zvinhu zvakaipa kune vanhu pasi rese. Asi ini ndakanga ndisina ushingi hwokutaura kuti, "Ndicharega basa rangu nokuti ini handibvumirani nemitemo yakawanda iyi." Paunotarisa kunyatsoona kuti vanhu vangani vakasiya basa rehurumende yedu, kune vashoma-vatatu chete isu takatsigira hondo yeIraq, uye vamwe vakasiya zveHondo yeVietnam uye dambudziko reBalkan. Handina kumbofungidzira kuti kuverenga kwandaiita muBhudha, uye kunyanya pamusoro pekarma, kwaizove kwakakosha mukuita chisarudzo chekurega basa uye kwakanditungamirira kunditsigira rugare neruramisiro munyika.
IM: Ndinokutendai. Zvakakosha kuti vanhu vazive rwendo rwenyu. Vanhu vazhinji vanouya kuBuddhism sezvavanorwisana nokutambura muupenyu hwavo. Asi idzi dzidziso dzakataura kwauri nenzira chaiyo yehupenyu hwako pachako uye nyaya dzinokurumidza dzevanhu. Uye iwe wakanyengerwa zvisingafungi kuita chiito. Icho chidzidzo chinokosha kwatiri.
Yakadhindwa nemvumo kubva kuInquiring Mind: The Semiannual Journal of the Vipassana Community, Vol. 30, Nha. 2 (Spring Spring). © 2014 nekutsvaga pfungwa. www.inquiringmind.com.
