NaPat Mukuru, Gumiguru 23, 2020
From Pfuti dzemauto
Mauto Emuchadenga akasvibisa mvura yepasi paJoint Base Andrews ine 39,700 zvikamu patriliyoni yemakemikari ePFAS zvinoenderana chirevo chakaburitswa neveMweya wemauto muna Chivabvu, 2018. Izvi hazvisi chaizvo "Kuputsa Nhau" kunyangwe vashoma vachiziva nezvazvo.
Nheyo inosvibisa rwizi rwePatuxent nePotomac. Mvura yepasi pevhu kubva kunzvimbo dzinoverengeka pachigadziko apo mafafasi akatakurwa nePFAS akashandiswa achienda kumabvazuva akananga kuPatuxent pamwe nekumadokero akananga kuPotomac. Zvichakadaro, pamusoro pemvura kubva pazasi inoenda kuPiscataway Creek, Cabin Branch Creek, Henson Creek, uye Meetinghouse Branch, ichidurura mvura kunzizi mbiri idzi. Andrews, iyo "Imba Yemhepo Yekutanga 1" ndiyo yega chigaro mudunhu chinozivikanwa kuti chepfu zvese Patuxent nePotomac.
PFAS inogona kufamba mamaira. Iyo inoshatisa hove uye inorwarisa vanhu vanoidya.
Ndiani aiziva?
Google PFAS Joint Base Andrews. Iwe hausi kuzowana nyaya yenhau nezve kusvibiswa kwePFAS kuAndrews, kunyangwe hazvo mhedzisiro "yakatsikiswa" muna Chivabvu we2018. Ndezvekuti Mauto Emuchadenga haatumire kuburitswa kwenyaya dzezvinhu izvi neWashington Post uye venhau veko kazhinji. usazvivhara. Rudzi urwu rwekuferefeta kurondedzera rwakareruka zvakakwana, kunyange hazvo nhau zhinji dzenhau dzisina kugona kana chishuwo chekutevera nyaya dzakadai. Nekudaro, vashoma ndivo vanoziva nezvekutyisidzira kunounzwa kuhutano hweveruzhinji kunokonzerwa nekushandisa zvisina basa kweMweya WeMweya Wezvirwere izvi.
kutanga pano kutanga kutarisa kusvibiswa kunokonzerwa neveMweya Wenyika kumabheseti akatenderera nyika.
Mauto Emuchadenga anoparadzira mainjiniya ekuti gwaro rePFAS rinosvibisa nyika yese, kunyangwe hazvo akanongedzera akananga kune izvo zvinyorwa zvisingawanzo kuwanikwa. Zvinoreva kuti bepa rekumusha kwako hazvigone kumhanya nenyaya inotsanangura kusvibiswa kwemauto enharaunda, kunyanya pamusoro pemvura. Zvinotoda degree rekuuraya, hunyanzvi hwakarasika.
Zviuru zvemarukova nenzizi kutenderera nyika zvinotakura huwandu hwehupfu, mamiriro ane njodzi zvakanyanya achifunga nezve huwandu hwehuwandu hwemakemikari aya uye kugona kwavo kuunganidzwa muhove zviuru nezviuru zvakapetwa huwandu hwemvura. Kudya hove dzegungwa kubva kune yakasvibiswa mvura ndiyo nzira yekutanga iyo iyo PFAS inopinda mumiviri yedu. Mvura yekumwa yakasviba iri yechipiri iri kure, kunyangwe ichi chiri chokwadi chisinganetsi cheEPA, iyo DOD, Congress, uye nyika yeMadganis.
Dzvanya kuburikidza neshumo iri pamusoro uye tarisa pane Zviri Mukati. Tsvaga mazwi akaita semvura yepasi, pamusoro pemvura, gomba rinopisa, nezvimwewo Ramba uchifunga kuti vatungamiriri venyika varapi vepamusoro vanoti kudya chikamu chimwe pamatirioni eiyi carcinogen inogona kuva nengozi nepo dzimwe hove dzinobatwa padyo nema baes ehondo dzine mamirioni ezvikamu patrillion mune perch uye rockfish uye oysters uye makungu? Hapana anoziva muMaryland.
Kudzoka muna 1970, iyo US Air Force yakatanga kushandisa aqueous film inogadzira foam (AFFF), iine PFOS uye PFOA, kudzima petroleum moto. AFFF yakapinda zvakatipoteredza panguva yekudzidzira moto nguva dzose, kugadzirisa midziyo, kuchengetedza, uye kazhinji tsaona. Mauto Emuchadenga emuchina akafukidzwa nepamusoro ekudzvinyirira masisitimu akasungirirwa nePFAS uye vakagara vachiedzwa kubvira ma1970. Mimwe yeaya masisitimu anokwanisa kuvhara 2-acre hangar ine 17 tsoka dzefuro mukati memaminetsi maviri.
Heano mhedziso pfupi yenhoroondo yekushandiswa kwePFAS kuAndrews yakatorwa kubva mushumo.
“Yaimbove Hare Berry Farm iri kumaodzanyemba kweJBA, padhuze nefence yekuchengetedza uye mukati memuganhu wekuisirwa. Iyo purazi yaishandiswa kurima sitirobheri, rasipibheri, uye mablackberry zvirimwa. Muna Chivabvu 1992 panguva yekuyedzwa kwendege yekudzima moto, angangoita mazana mashanu emarita eAFFF akaburitswa muPiscataway Creek, sosi yemvura yekudiridza yezvirimwa papurazi. Kutevera kuburitswa, muridzi wepfuma akakumbira kuti USAF iongorore kana zvirimwa zvakachengeteka kudyiwa nevanhu. Iyo USAF yakaedza zvirimwa muna Nyamavhuvhu 500 uye yakaratidza kuti yaikodzera kudyiwa zvinoenderana neFood uye Drug Administration (FDA) zviyero. Muna 1992, kuongororwa kwakagadzirirwa kuongorora njodzi inosanganisirwa nemhedzisiro inokonzeresa kubva kumakemikari akaita seAFFF, deicing fluids, petroleum residues, solvents, uye mishonga yezvipembenene inopinda muPiscataway Creek neJBA mvura yemvura zhinji. Ongororo ya1993 yakagumisa kuti Piscataway Creek haina kutyisidzira hutano hwevanhu kana nharaunda. ”
Usanetseke ufare?
Kana inofanirwa kuti nyika uye / kana yakazvimirira NGO inokwira kumusoro kutanga kuyedza pamusoro pemvura padyo nekumisikidzwa kwemauto seichi?
Dhipatimendi reMadganisheni reMagariro harina kubatsira. Dzimwe nyika, seMichigan, dzakatumira hadzidye mazano ezvehupfu zvinogara pedyo neWurtsmuth Air Force Base - chigadziko chakavharwa makore makumi matatu apfuura! Mazano ehove anotumirwa mamaira kure nenzvimbo yakavharwa nepo nyika yakamhan'arira mauto nekuda kwekukuvadzwa kunobva mukushandiswa kwePFAS pachigadziko. Hazvina kudaro muMadganist, uko nyika inosarudza kusabatana nePentagon pamusoro penyaya dzakadai.
PFAS makemikari ane chepfu anoshamisa. Kunze kwehunhu hwavo hwekusanganisa, havatomboputsika, ndosaka zvichinzi: "makemikari anogara aripo nekusingaperi." Izvo zvakabatana kune yakawanda kenza, fetal kusagadzikana, uye kuwanda kwehutano hwevacheche. EPA haichashandi seanodzora mutemo pasi pehutongi hwaTrump uye nyika yakarara pakachinja, ichisiya hutano hweveruzhinji hwave munjodzi.
Makomba Anopisa
Nzvimbo dzekudzidzira moto (FTA's) dzaive ne 200-300-tsoka dhayamita yekupisa gomba. Munguva yemabasa ekudzidzisa moto, gomba rekutsva rakazadzwa nemvura pamberi peanofungidzirwa chiuru kusvika kumazana maviri emarita emvura dzinobvira dziwedzerwe mugomba rekutsva ndokubatidza. Vakashandisa mafuta uye vakaisanganisa nejet fuel. Zviuru zvemaroni efuro mhinduro inogona kuiswa panguva yechiitiko chakapihwa.
Nzvimbo yekudzidzira moto yakaratidzwa pamusoro paya kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kwekona kwendege yakashandiswa pamabasa ekudzidzira moto kubva muna1973 kusvika 1990. Maekisesaizi evhiki nevhiki aiitiswa aine mwenje unopisa mugomba rekutsva uye kudzimura moto unobuda neAFFF. Makuru mahowa howa hwehutsi hunokachidza hwemakemikari uye guruva zvaigona kuumba. Mauto Emuchadenga haana kunetsekana nekutsvaga huwandu hweAFFF hunoshandiswa panguva dzezviitwa izvi.
Mvura yakawandisa inogadzirwa panguva yechiitwa yakayerera ichidarika nenzvimbo yekutsva. Rasara furo nemvura zvakapfuudzwa mugiravhu repasi leaching dziva. Mvura yaiwanzotsvedza nemujecha kupinda muvhu, asi dziva rinosvinudza raiwanzobhurwa, zvichikonzera kuti dziva rifashukire pamusoro pevhu munzvimbo iyi.
Gomba racho raishandiswawo kuyedzwa kwenguva uye kureba kwemarori emoto vachishandisa AFFF. Nhoroondo, kuyedzwa kunoitwa kanoverengeka pagore kuyedza marongero erori yemoto kuti ive nechokwadi chakakodzera mashandiro emidziyo, kunyanya chinhambwe.
Mauto Emuchadenga akagadzira bongozozo rezvinhu muPrince George's County, Maryland, vachishandisa zvipuka zvine carcinogenic munzvimbo dzakawanda kuJB Andrews:
- Dzakati wandei Dzidzo yeMoto
- Hangars 16, 11, 6, 7
- Fire Chiteshi Kuvaka 3629
- Aimbova Hale Berry Farm
Mukushomeka kwekuzvipira kwakasimba neDhipatimendi reMadganisheni reMamiriro ekunze kutonga PFAS mudunhu, General Assembly inofanirwa kutora danho kumanikidza timu yeHogan-Grumbles kuchengetedza hutano hweveruzhinji.
