Aimbova Mutevedzeri weMunyori weHurumende William Burns muna 2016. Mufananidzo wechikwereti: Columbia Journal of International Affairs
NaMedea Benjamin naNicolas JS Davies, World BEYOND War, September 5, 2023
Yakarasika muhoro ine mhirizhonga yezvionioni zvezvayakasikira, CIA kazhinji yakakundikana mubasa rayo rimwe chete repamutemo, kupa vagadziri vemitemo veUS hungwaru hwakakwana nezvepasirese reWashington echo-chamber kuzivisa US sarudzo.
Kana, kusiyana nevazhinji vevakamutangira, Mutungamiri Biden aida kutungamirwa nehungwaru chaihwo, izvo zvisina chokwadi, kudomwa kwake kweaimbova Mutevedzeri weMunyori weNyika Bill Burns seCIA Director kwaikurudzira, kunyangwe zvichinetsa, kugadzwa. Yakabvisa Burns kubva kuDhipatimendi reHurumende rekugadzira mitemo, asi yakamuisa pachinzvimbo chekuti makumi emakore eruzivo rwezvematongerwo enyika uye njere zvingabatsira kutungamira sarudzo dzaBiden, kunyanya pamusoro pedambudziko muhukama hweUS neRussia. Burns, ainyatsoziva chiRussian, aigara uye akashanda paEmbassy yeUS muMoscow kwemakore mazhinji, kutanga semukuru wezvematongerwo enyika uye gare gare seMumiriri weUS.
Zvakaoma kuwana zvigunwe zveBurns paBiden's Russia policy kana pamaitiro ehondo yeNATO muUkraine, uko mutemo weUS wakapinda munjodzi chaidzo Burns akayambira hurumende yake nezvayo, mumatambo kubva kuMoscow anodarika makore gumi. Hatigone kuziva izvo Burns anoudza mutungamiri wenyika kuseri kwemasuo akavharwa. Asi haana kudaidzira pachena hurukuro dzerunyararo, sezvakaitwa naSachigaro weJoint Chiefs of Staff General Mark Milley, kunyangwe kuita izvi kungave kwakajairika kumukuru weCIA.
Munzvimbo yazvino yeyakaomarara pro-war, anti-Russian orthodoxy, kana Bill Burns akataura pachena zvimwe zvekunetsekana kwaakataura pakutanga pabasa rake, anogona kudzingwa, kana kutodzingwa basa, semurevereri waPutin. Asi yambiro yake yakaoma pamusoro pemhedzisiro yekukoka Ukraine kuti ijoine NATO yakavharirwa chinyararire muhomwe yekumashure, sezvo achishora Russia seye ega munyori wehondo ine njodzi muUkraine, asingataure mamiriro akakosha aakatsanangura zvakajeka pamusoro pe makore makumi matatu apfuura.
Mundangariro dzake The Back Channel, rakabudiswa muna 2019, Burns akasimbisa kuti, muna 1990, Munyori weHurumende James Baker akanga avimbisa Mikhail Gorbachev kuti hapazove nekuwedzera kwemubatanidzwa weNATO kana mauto "inji imwe kumabvazuva" yemiganhu yeGermany yakabatanidzwa zvakare. Burns akanyora kuti, kunyangwe chitsidzo chisina kumboita pamutemo uye chakaitwa kusati kwaparara kweSoviet Union, maRussia akatora Baker pashoko rake uye akanzwa atengeswa nekuwedzera kweNATO mumakore akatevera.
Paakanga ari mukuru wezvematongerwo enyika paEmbassy yeUS muMoscow muna 1995, Burns Zvinonzi kuti "kuvengana kwekutanga kweNATO kuwedzera kunenge kunzwikwa pasi rose mumatunhu ezvematongerwo enyika pano." Mukupera kwema1990 hutungamiriri hwaMutungamiri Bill Clinton hwakatama kuunza Poland, Hungary neCzech Republic muNATO, Burns akadana sarudzo iyi isati yakwana zvachose, uye yainyanya kutsamwisa zvakanyanya. "Sezvo vanhu vekuRussia vainyura mukugunun'una kwavo uye pfungwa yekusabatsirika, dutu redzidziso 'dzekurovera kumashure' rakatenderera zvishoma nezvishoma, richisiya chiratidzo pahukama hweRussia nenyika dzekuMadokero hwaizogara kwemakumi emakore," akadaro. akanyora.
Mushure mekushanda zvinzvimbo zvakasiyana-siyana kuMiddle East, kusanganisira mumiriri kuJorodhani, muna 2005 Burns akazowana basa raaive akatarira kwemakore: mumiriri weUS kuRussia. Kubva kumatambudziko ekutengeserana ane minzwa kusvika kumakakatanwa ari muKosovo nemakakatanwa ekudzivirira zvombo, aive nemaoko akazara. Asi nyaya yekuwedzera kweNATO yaikonzera kupokana nguva dzose.
Zvakasvika pakakwirira muna 2008, apo vakuru vakuru muBush manejimendi vaisundidzira kukoka NATO kuUkraine neGeorgia kuBucharest NATO Summit. Burns akaedza kuibvisa. Mwedzi miviri musangano usati waitwa, akanyora email isina-inobata-yakavharirwa Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, zvikamu zvacho zvaakanokora mashoko mubhuku rake.
"Kupinda kweUkraine muNATO ndiyo inopenya kupfuura ese matsvuku eRussia elite (kwete chete Putin). Mumakore anopfuura maviri nehafu ehurukuro nevatambi vakakosha vekuRussia, kubva kumapfundo-madhiza munzvimbo dzakasviba dzeKremlin kuenda kune vatsoropodzi vakapinza vaPutin, handisati ndawana chero munhu anoona Ukraine muNATO sechimwe chinhu kunze kwekunetsa kwakananga. kune zvido zveRussia," Burns akanyora. “Panguva ino, MAP [Chirongwa Chekuita Nenhengo] yaizoonekwa isiri nhanho yehunyanzvi munzira refu yekuenda kunhengo, asi sekukanda pasi zano rehunyanzvi. Russia ichapindura. Hukama hweRussia-Ukrainian huchapinda muchando chakadzika…. Ichagadzira ivhu rakaorera rekupindira kweRussia muCrimea nekumabvazuva kweUkraine. "
Pamusoro peiyi email yake, akanyora tambo yepamutemo gumi nembiri kuna Secretary Rice uye Secretary of Defense, Robert Gates, iyo yakazobuda pachena nekuda kweWikiLeaks diplomatic cable dump muna 12.
Yakaitwa muna Kukadzi 1, 2008, mutsara wenyaya wememo, zvese zvivharo, zvaisagona kunge zvakajeka: NYET ZVINOREVA NYET: RUSSIA'S NATO ENLARGEMENT REDLINES.
Pasina chokwadi, Burns akataura kushorwa kwakanyanya kubva kuGurukota reKune dzimwe nyika Sergey Lavrov nevamwe vakuru vakuru, vachisimbisa kuti Russia ichaona kuwedzera kweNATO kumabvazuva sekutyisidzira kwemauto. Akataura kuti kuwedzera kweNATO, kunyanya kuUkraine, yaive "nyaya yemanzwiro uye neuralgic" asiwo inyaya yehurongwa hwehurongwa.
"Russia haisi kungoona kutenderedzwa uye kuedza kukanganisa simba reRussia mudunhu, asi zvakare inotya zvisingatarisike uye zvisingadzoreki mhedzisiro iyo inogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kuchengetedza kweRussia. Nyanzvi dzinotiudza kuti Russia inonyanya kunetseka kuti kupatsanurwa kwakasimba muUkraine pamusoro penhengo yeNATO, neruzhinji rwevanhu veRussia vachipokana nenhengo, zvinogona kutungamirira mukuparadzana kukuru, kunosanganisira mhirizhonga kana zvakanyanya, hondo yevagari. Muchiitiko ichocho, Russia yaizofanira kusarudza kupindira—chisarudzo icho Russia isingadi kutarisana nacho.”
Makore matanhatu gare gare, kumukira Maidan kwaitsigirwa neUnited States kwakapa chikonzero chokupedzisira chehondo yevagari vemo iyo nyanzvi dzokuRussia dzakanga dzafanotaura.
Burns akataura naLavrov achiti, kunyange hazvo nyika dzaive dzakasununguka kuita sarudzo dzadzo pamusoro pekuchengetedza uye kuti ndedzipi mauto ezvematongerwo enyika ekubatana, dzinofanirwa kurangarira mabatiro evavakidzani vavo, uye kuti Russia neUkraine dzakasungwa nezvisungo zviviri. zvakatemerwa muChibvumirano cheHushamwari, Kudyidzana neKudyidzana cha1997, umo mapato ese ari maviri akaita "kurega kutora chikamu kana kutsigira chero zviito zvinogona kukanganisa chengetedzo yerumwe rutivi."
Burns akati kusimuka kweUkraine kuenda kuWestern sphere kunokuvadza kudyidzana kweindasitiri yekudzivirira pakati peRussia neUkraine, kusanganisira akati wandei mafekitori kwakagadzirwa zvombo zveRussia, uye zvaizokanganisa zviuru zvevaUkraine vanogara nekushanda muRussia uye zvinopesana. Burns akataura mashoko aAleksandr Konovalov, Mutungamiriri weInstitute for Strategic Assessment, achifanotaura kuti iyi yaizova “hasha uye chigumbu pakati pevagari vemo.”
Vakuru veRussia vakaudza Burns kuti kuwedzera kweNATO kuchave nemhedzisiro mudunhu rose uye muCentral neWestern Europe, uye zvinogona kutokonzera kuti Russia idzokorore zvibvumirano zvayo zvekudzora zvombo neWest.
Mumusangano usingawanzoitwa naBurns naPutin nguva pfupi asati asiya chigaro chake semumiriri muna 2008, Putin akamuyambira kuti "hapana mutungamiri weRussia anogona kumira asina basa pamberi penhanho dzekuenda kunhengo yeNATO yeUkraine. Izvozvo zvingava chiito cheutsinye kuRussia. Tichaita zvese zvatinogona kuti tizvidzivirire. ”
Kunyangwe yambiro dzese idzi, hutongi hweBush hwakaenderera mberi kumusangano we2008 muBucharest. Nekupokana kubva kunyika dzakati wandei dzeEurope, hapana zuva rekuva nhengo rakatarwa, asi NATO yakapa chirevo chinotsamwisa, ichiti "tabvumirana nhasi kuti Ukraine neGeorgia dzichava nhengo dzeNATO."
Kusvirwa aisafara. "Nenzira dzakawanda, Bucharest yakatisiya neiyo yakaipisisa pasirese - tichifadza maUkraine nemaGeorgian tichitarisira kuve nhengo yeNATO yatakanga tisingafungire kuendesa, tichisimbisa pfungwa yaPutin yekuti takanga takatsunga kuita nzira yaaiona senge iripo. kutyisidzira,” akanyora kudaro.
Ipo Ukraine ichine tarisiro yekupinda muNATO zviri pamutemo, aimbova gurukota rezvekudzivirirwa kweUkraine Oleksii Reznikov anoti kuti Ukraine yatove nhengo yemubatanidzwa weNATO inogamuchira zvombo zveNATO, kudzidziswa kweNATO uye kubatana kwemauto nehungwaru. Kugovaniswa kwehungwaru kunotungamirwa nemukuru weCIA pachake, anga achifamba achidzokera kumashure kuti asangane nemumwe wake muUkraine.
Kushandiswa kuri nani kwehunyanzvi hwaBurns kungave kutenderera nekudzoka kuMoscow kunobatsira kutaurirana kupera kwehondo iyi ine hutsinye uye isingakundike. Izvozvo zvingamuita muponesi wePutin, kana mumiriri weNobel Peace Prize? Unofungei?
Medea Benjamin naNicolas JS Davies ndivo vanyori ve Hondo muUkraine: Kuita Sense yeKusawirirana Kusina Mufungo, rakabudiswa neOR Books muna Mbudzi 2022.
Medea Benjamin ndiye muvambi we CODEPINK Rugare, uye munyori wemabhuku akawanda, kusanganisira Mukati Iran: The Real History and Politics of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
Nicolas JS Davies mutori wenhau akazvimiririra, muongorori weCODEPINK uye munyori we Ropa pamaoko edu: IAmerican Invasion uye Kuparadza kweIraq.
