naC Liegh McInnis, World BEYOND War, May 5, 2023
Yakaratidzwa panguva yaMay 4, 2023, Vietnam kuUkraine: Zvidzidzo zveUS Peace Movement Kurangarira Kent State neJackson State! Webinar inotungamirwa neGreen Party Peace Action Committee; Peoples Network for Planet, Justice & Peace; uye Green Party yeOhio
Jackson State University, semazhinji HBCUs, ndiyo epitome yekurwa kwevatema kurwisa colonialism. Nepo huwandu hukuru hweHBCUs hwakagadzwa panguva kana ichangopera Kuvakwazve, ivo vakanyura muAmerican colonial system yekuparadzanisa uye nekubhadhara mari vanhu vatema uye masangano evatema kuti asazove akawanda kupfuura de facto minda umo vadzvanyiriri vachena vanodzora kosi yekudzora. kugona kwehungwaru uye kufambira mberi kwehupfumi kwevaAfrica America. Mumwe muenzaniso weizvi ndewekuti, mukupera kwema1970, Mississippi's matatu eruzhinji HBCUs-Jackson State, Alcorn, neMississippi Valley-aifanira kuwana mvumo kubva kuhurumende College Board kungokoka vatauri kucampus. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, Jackson State yakanga isina rusununguko rwekusarudza gwara rayo redzidzo. Zvakadaro, nekuda kwevatungamiriri vakuru nemapurofesa, vakaita sevaimbove Mutungamiriri Dr. John A. Peoples, nyanduri uye munyori wemanovhero Dr. Margaret Walker Alexander, nevamwe, Jackson State yakakwanisa kunzvenga rusaruraganda rwedzidzo rweMississippi ndokuva mumwe wevane gumi nerimwe chete veHBCUs kuti vabudirire. Tsvakurudzo mbiri chimiro. Muchokwadi, Jackson State ndiyo yechipiri yekare Kutsvagisa Vaviri HBCU. Pamusoro pezvo, Jackson State yaive chikamu chezvinonzi nevamwe Civil Rights Triangle seJSU, COFO Building, uye hofisi yeMedgar Evers semukuru weMississippi NAACP vese vaive mumugwagwa mumwechete, vari diagonal kubva kune mumwe nemumwe, vachigadzira katatu. Saka, kubva pamusasa weJSU, pane COFO Building, iyo yakashanda sedzimbahwe reRusununguko Zhizha uye yakakwezva vadzidzi vazhinji veJSU sevazvipiri. Uye, chokwadi, vadzidzi vazhinji veJSU vaive chikamu chebazi revechidiki reNAACP nekuti Evers akabatsira mukuvaronga muMovement. Asi, sezvamungafungidzira, izvi hazvina kugadzikana nevazhinji vachena College Board kana ruzhinji rwevachena veparamende, izvo zvakakonzera kumwe kudzikiswa kwemari uye kushungurudzwa kwevadzidzi nevadzidzisi kwakaguma nekupfurwa kwa1970 uko. Mississippi National Guard yakakomba kambasi uye Dhipatimendi reMapurisa reMississippi neJackson Police vakafora vachipinda mukambasi, vachipfura mazana mana emarounds muimba yekurara yevakadzi, vakakuvadza gumi nevasere nekuuraya vaviri: Phillip Lafayette Gibbs naJames Earl Green.
Tichibatanidza chiitiko ichi nenhaurirano yemanheru ano, zvakakosha kuti tinzwisise kuti sangano revadzidzi veJackson State raisanganisira varwi vehondo yeVietnam vakati wandei, vakaita sababa vangu, Claude McInnis, vakanga vadzokera kumba vakanyoresa kukoreji, vakatsunga kuita kuti nyika itevedzere dzidziso dzayo dzegutsaruzhinji. vakanga vachirwa zvisiri izvo mune dzimwe nyika. Saizvozvo, baba vangu neni tose takamanikidzwa kusarudza pakati pehuipi husina kunyanyoita koloni. Haana kunyoreswa kuVietnam. Baba vangu vakamanikidzwa kupinda mubasa rechiuto nemhaka yokuti sabhuku wechichena akauya kumba kwasekuru vangu ndokuvapa chirevo chokuti, “Kana mwanakomana wako uyu ari pano kwenguva refu zvikuru, achazviwana amene akarovedzana nomuti chaizvoizvo.” Saizvozvo, sekuru vangu vakapinza baba vangu muchiuto nekuti vaifunga kuti Vietnam yaizova yakachengeteka kupfuura Mississippi nekuti, muVietnam, vaizova nechombo chekuzvidzivirira. Makore makumi maviri nemaviri gare gare, ndakazviwana ndichifanira kunyoresa muMisissippi National Guard—uto rimwe chetero rakatora rutivi mukupondwa kweJSU—nokuti ndakanga ndisina imwe nzira yokupedza nayo dzidzo yangu yokukoreji. Iyi inzira inoenderera mberi yevanhu vatema vachifanira kusarudza pakati pezviduku zvezvakaipa zviviri kuti vangorarama. Asi, baba vangu vakandidzidzisa kuti, pane imwe nguva, upenyu haugoni kungova pamusoro pekusarudza pakati pezviduku zvezvakaipa zviviri uye kuti munhu anofanira kuva anodisa kurega chinhu chiri chose kuti aumbe nyika umo vanhu vane zvisarudzo chaizvoizvo izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kuugari hwakazara. inovagonesa kuzadzisa kugona kwehunhu hwavo. Ndizvo zvaakaita nekuvamba pamwe chete Vet Club, iro raive sangano reVietnam Vets vaishanda nemamwe masangano ekodzero dzevagari venzvimbo uye masangano eBlack Nationalist kubatsira mukusunungurwa kwevanhu vemuAfrica kubva muhudzvanyiriri hwevachena. Izvi zvinosanganisira kufamba-famba mumugwagwa waipfuura nepaJSU campus kuona kuti vatyairi vedzimotokari vachena vatevedzera speed limit nekuti vadzidzi vaigara vachishungurudzwa navo vadzidzi vaviri vachirohwa nevatyairi vemotokari uye hapana kana mhosva yakambomhan’arwa. Asi, ndinoda kujeka. Pahusiku hwaMay 15, 1970, kupfurwa, hapana chaiitika pakambasi yaizodai yakaratidza kuvepo kwevemutemo. Kwakanga kusina musangano kana kuti rudzi rwupi norwupi rwechiito chezvamatongerwe enyika chakaitwa navadzidzi. Mhirizhonga yaingove yevakuru vemutemo veko vachimukira vadzidzi vechitema vasina mhosva. Kupfurwa uku kwaive kurwiswa kusingadzivisiki kwaJackson State sechiratidzo chevanhu vatema vachishandisa dzidzo kuti vazvitonge. Uye kuvapo kwevatevedzeri vemitemo kusingakoshi paJackson State campus hakuna kusiyana nekuvapo kwemauto asina basa muVietnam uye chero kupi zvako mauto edu akaiswa chete kusimbisa kana kuchengetedza hutongi hweAmerica.
Ndichienderera mberi nebasa rababa vangu nevamwe Mississippi Veterans veCivil Rights Movement, ndashanda nenzira nhatu kuvhenekera nhoroondo iyi, kudzidzisa nhoroondo iyi, uye kushandisa nhoroondo iyi kukurudzira vamwe kuti vashande mukuramba kudzvinyirirwa munzira dzose. Semunyori wekugadzira, ndakaburitsa nhetembo uye nyaya pfupi nezve 1970 kurwiswa kweJSU nevenzvimbo yemutemo uye nhoroondo yeruzhinji nekurwira kweJackson State. Semunyori wezvinyorwa, ndakaburitsa zvinyorwa pamusoro pezvakakonzera uye zvakazoitika kurwiswa kweJSU muna 1970 uye kuenderera mberi kwekurwira kwesangano vachipokana nemitemo yevachena. Semudzidzisi kuJSU, chimwe chezvikonzero zvekirasi yangu yekunyora mabhuku 'chikonzero uye bepa rekuita "Chii chaive chikonzero chekurwiswa kwa1970 kuJackson state?" Saka, vazhinji vevadzidzi vangu vakatsvaga nekunyora nezvenhoroondo iyi. Uye, pakupedzisira, semudzidzisi, ndaishingaira uye ndichipupura panguva yemubatanidzwa weAyers Case umo Mississippi matatu eruzhinji HBCUs akamhan'arira nyika nekuda kwerusarura rwekuita mari. Mubasa rangu rose, kunyanya semunyori wekugadzira, nguva yeVietnam uye US Peace Movement zvakandidzidzisa zvinhu zvina. Imwe—kunyarara ishamwari yezvakaipa. Maviri-emunharaunda, emunyika, uye ezvematongerwo enyika ezvematongerwo enyika anodyidzana kana asiri mumwe uye akafanana, kunyanya maererano nehurumende mari yehondo kuti iwedzere humambo hwayo pane kupa mari dzidzo, hutano, uye mabasa ekupa kuenzana kune vagari vayo. Vatatu-hapana nzira iyo hurumende inogona kuita kana kuita zviito zvisina kururama kumba kana kunze kwenyika uye kuonekwa sechinhu chakanaka. Uye, ina-chete apo vanhu vanoyeuka kuti ivo ihurumende uye kuti vatungamiri vakasarudzwa vanovashandira tichakwanisa kusarudza vamiririri uye kugadza mitemo inosimudzira runyararo panzvimbo pekolonialism. Ini ndinoshandisa zvidzidzo izvi segwara rekunyora kwangu nekudzidzisa kuve nechokwadi chekuti basa rangu rinogona kupa ruzivo nekurudziro kune vamwe kubatsira kuvaka nyika ine runyararo uye ine pundutso. Uye, ndinokutendai nekuve neni.
McInnis mudetembi, munyori wenyaya pfupi, uye mudzidzisi weChirungu akasiya basa paJackson State University, aimbova mupepeti/ muparidzi weBlack Magnolias Literary Journal, uye munyori wemabhuku masere, kusanganisira miunganidzwa ina yenhetembo, muunganidzwa mumwechete wengano pfupi (Scripts). : Sketches and Tales of Urban Mississippi), rimwe basa rekutsoropodza zvinyorwa (Mazwi eMuchinda: A Literary Tarisa kune Akasika, Mudetembi Wemimhanzi, Muzivi, uye Mutauri weNyaya), rimwe basa rakanyorwa pamwe chete, Hama Hollis: The Sankofa of a Movement. Murume, anokurukura nezvehupenyu hweiyo Mississippi Civil Rights icon, uye aimbove First Runner-Up weAmiri Baraka/Sonia Sanchez Poetry Award inotsigirwa neNorth Carolina State A&T. Pamusoro pezvo, basa rake rakaburitswa mumapepanhau akawanda uye anthologies, kusanganisira Obsidian, Tribes, Konch, Down to the Dark River, anthology yenhetembo nezveRwizi rweMississippi, uye Black Hollywood Unchained, inova anthology yezvinyorwa pamusoro pekuratidzwa kweHollywood. VaAfrica veAmerica.
