NaDavid Swanson, World BEYOND War, July 28, 2026
Excerpted kubva Hondo Ichiri Nhema.
Kubva zvandakanyora Hondo Ndicho Nhema muna 2010 ndokuzvigadzirisa muna 2015, nhema dzinoshandiswa kutsigira hondo dzakasiyana asi dzakaramba dziripo. Pfupiso yangu inoramba iri yechokwadi:
Kwete chinhu chimwe chete chatinotenda kakawanda pamusoro pehondo dzinobatsira kuchengeta ivo pese ndezvechokwadi. Hondo haigoni kuva yakanaka kana kubwinya. Uyewo havagoni kururamiswa senzira yekuwana rugare kana chimwe chinhu chekukosha. Zvikonzero zvakapiwa hondo, kare, panguva, uye shure kwavo (kazhinji zvikonzero zvitatu zvakasiyana zvakasiyana zvezvikonzero zvehondo imwechete) zvose ndezvenhema. Zvinowanzofungidzira kuti, nokuti hatingazoenda kuhondo tisina chikonzero chakanaka, tatoenda kuhondo, isu tinofanira kunge tine chikonzero chakanaka. Izvi zvinoda kuchinjwa. Nokuti hakungagoni kuva nechikonzero chakanaka chehondo, kuenda kuhondo, isu tiri kutora chikamu munhema.
Asi zvimwe zvinhu zvachinja. Iraq Syndrome yapera. Iraq Syndrome, yakavakirwa paVietnam Syndrome, yaive kusada kutsigira hondo dzakawanda nekuda kweruzivo rwekurarama muHondo yeIraq. Kusada kwakadaro kunowanzonzwisiswa sechirwere kwete sechiedza chenguva pfupi. Kunyange hazvo John Kerry, John McCain, Hillary Clinton, nevamwe vatsigiri vazhinji veHondo yeIraq vasina kusvika pedyo sezvakaita ivo, vese vakakundikana kuva mutungamiri wenyika, Donald Trump naJoe Biden havana kukundikana.
VaTrump naBiden vese vakaratidza hunhu hwavo hweIraq Syndrome nekuita sekuti vakanga vapikisa kurwisa Iraq. hapana uchapupu kuti Trump ndiye akaita izvozvo. Biden akanga ambozviita zvechokwadi mutsigiri mukuru kutanga hondo iyoyo. Zviri pachena kuti kunyepa nezvenguva yakapfuura iyoyo kwaionekwa sedanho rakakwana rehunhu hwenguva ino itsva. Asi pakanga pasina chinodiwa chekuti, kunyangwe kana uchitarisa shure, utsoropodze Hondo yeIraq nechikonzero chinoratidza kusada hondo. Kutsoropodzwa kwaTrump kwaiwanzoitika ndekwekuti United States yakanga yakundikana kutora mafuta eIraqZvaive zvakanaka kufunga kuti aiseka, asi Mutungamiri Trump vakataura pamuzinda weCentral Intelligence Agency musi wa23 Ndira 2017, uye vakakurudzira mutemo wekurwa hondo dzekuba zviwanikwa.
Hondo huru dzepasi nezviuru zvemauto eUS ari kufa dzava kudziviswa. Sezvo kufa kweUS kuri iko chete kufa kunonyanya kukosha munhau zhinji dzemakambani eUS, izvi zvinogona kugadzira pfungwa yekuti hondo dzapera zvakanyanya, kunyanya kutarisa pahuwandu hushoma hwevakafa veUS muhondo yeIran, uye pakureva nhema pamusoro pavo, zvisinei.
Nhau dzeUS dzinotaura nezvehondo, kana zvikaitika, dzinoita sedzisingakoshese basa reUS. Hondo muUkraine yakatora pfungwa huru kwenguva yakati - kusanganisira nhau dzinoshamisa dzevakaurayiwa muhondo (dai mativi ese ehondo dzese akafukidzwa sezvakanga zvakaita rimwe divi reiyi, hondo yaigona kungopera yofa). Asi kazhinji hondo muUkraine yairatidzwa zvisiri pamutemo sechinhu icho hurumende yeUS yakanga isina chekuita nacho kana kuti isina chekuita nacho ... uye yaifanira kunge iine chekuita nacho. Hondo yeGaza yakakwezvawo pfungwa - kusanganisira kuburikidza nesimba idzva resocial media rekupesvedzera nhau dzemakambani - asi mishumo yakawanda yakanga yakarerekera zvakanyanya pakudzivirira avo vaibatanidzwa mukuuraya vanhu. Chero mishumo yekutsoropodzwa kwekuuraya kwevanhu nevakuru veUS yaibatsira kubvisa basa reUS mukupa zvombo, mari, kuchengetedza pamutemo, uye kushandira pamwe mukuparadzira mashoko ekutsigira. Sezvo nhau dzemakambani dzakatora zvakakomba zvirevo zveUS zveku "pikisa" zvinotyisa zvaiitirwa maPalestine, magazini yekuseka, Hanyanisi, Musoro wenyaya waiti: "Trump Anonyora Netanyahu Akanyatsotsanangura."
Hondo dzakaramba dzichienderera mberi, hongu, nevanhu vakawanda, kusanganisira hondo dzemudenga, hondo dzedrone, hondo dzevamiririri, hondo dzeUS dzakashongedzerwa, kupidigura hurumende, uye kutora nyika dzehumambo pasi pekutyisidzirwa nehondo. Ndakashamisika kushanyira Venezuela, nguva pfupi mushure mekunge mauto eUS arwisa guta guru rayo ndokutora mutungamiri wayo, kuti vanhu vaitya sei kusangana nedambudziko rakafanana nereGaza - kureva kuparadzwa zvachose.
Nhema huru dzisina mubvunzo dzinosanganisira nhema dzekuti, pasinei nehondo dzakawanda dzinotyisa uye dzisingafarirwi, panogona kuva nehondo yakanaka munguva pfupi iri kutevera, nhema dzekuti mari yekugadzirira hondo haibvi pamari yehondo, nhema itsva ine njodzi yekuti mari yekugadzirira hondo ibasa revanhu vatisingambofi takawana rakawanda, uye nhema dzekuti hondo chinhu chinoitwa nevanhu kana hurumende dzese kusvika padanho rakafanana.
Ehe, havasi vese vakapikisa kunyange divi rimwe chete, kunyanya mbiri, dzehondo dzese munguva iyi. Pave nenguva apo vanhu vazhinji vaigona kusarudza hondo iripo voiti yakanaka (ingave ine mbiri kana yakaipa asi ichidikanwa). Ndinoisa mubhuku kuti nei ndichifunga kuti vangadai vakakanganisa, kunyangwe hondo zhinji dzichikurumidza kurasikirwa nemukurumbira wadzo, zvekuti vanhu vandaisabvumirana navo makore mashoma apfuura vangangobvumirana neni izvozvi. Asi kunyange vanopikisa hondo vanowanzo fungidzira kuti hondo yakanaka isina kumboitika (kana kuti kumutswazve kweHondo Yenyika II kusina musoro munyika yakasiyana zvachose) kwava pedyo - kana kuti kufunga kuti zvisinei nekuti dzimwe hondo dzakaipa sei, hondo dziripo dzakashata zvakanyanya zvekuti hadzisi hondo zvachose. Muenzaniso mushure memuenzaniso usingaperi unopedza fungidziro iyi.
Ko kugadzirira hondo nemari hakubvisirwi here pakubhadhara mari yehondo? Vagadziri vehondo havafungi kudaro. Trump akataura muna 2026, paakapomerwa mhosva yekutyora vimbiso yekusarwa hondo:
"Handina kuvimbisa hondo. Sei ndakavaka mauto akasimba kupfuura mamwe ose pasi rose?"
Sei chaizvo? Kunze kwekunge waitenda nyaya huru yekuti rugare runouya nesimba remauto uye kudzivirira? Nyanzvi dzisina mari kubva kumakambani ezvombo dzinoita sedzisingatendewo nyaya iyoyo. Muna 2025, United Nations Development Program yakaburitsa chinyorwa ripoti yambiro pamusoro pekuwedzera kwemari inoshandiswa muchiuto. "Uchapupu hwakajeka: kushandiswa zvakanyanya kwechiuto hakuvimbisi rugare," akadaro Munyori Mukuru weUN António Guterres pakupa mushumo. "Unowanzozvikanganisa - zvichikurudzira makwikwi ezvombo, kuwedzera kusavimbana, uye kutsausa zviwanikwa kubva panheyo dzekugadzikana." Mushumo wacho waisanganisira pfupiso iyi: "Kukwira kwakasimba kwemari inoshandiswa muchiuto chepasi rose kuri kuchinja mamiriro ekuchengetedzwa kwenyika dzese nenzira dzinodzivisa mukana wemari nezvematongerwo enyika wekudzivirira, diplomacy, uye hurukuro. Kunyange hazvo Nyika dzichitaura nezvenyaya dzekuchengetedzwa kwenyika kuti dziruramise kuwedzera uku, mhedzisiro yakawedzerwa yave iri yekushayisa simba kubatana kwenyika dzakawanda, nzira dzekudzivirira dziri parutivi, uye nzira dzakamanikana dzekugadzirisa gakava murunyararo."
Ehe, vanhu pavakati Trump "mukwikwidzi werunyararo" panguva yega yega yesarudzo, vamwe vedu takataura nezvechikumbiro chake chekushandisa mari yakawanda muchiuto, asi hatina kukwanisa kutaura nezvaHillary Clinton, Joe Biden, kana Kamala Harris se "mukwikwidzi werunyararo chaiye." Taigona kungoona chikanganiso chekuziva mukwikwidzi werunyararo pasina mumwe.
Muhofisi nekunze kwayo, Trump akava mutsigiri mukuru wenhema dzine simba zvikuru, dzimwe dzinonyanya kutaurwa nekusataurwa. Trump akakumbira kuti mari inoshandiswa muchiuto, neUS nedzimwe hurumende, iwedzere sechikamu chehupfumi kana GDP. Izvi zvairatidza, pasina kutaura, kuti mari inoshandiswa muchiuto inofanira kuyerwa sechikamu chehupfumi, pane kuti ive nhamba yakakwana yemadhora kana senhamba yemadhora pamunhu. Kune vanonyengera vekuUS izvi zvaive nemukana wakati. Zvichiyerwa nehuwandu hwemadhora akashandiswa, mari inoshandiswa muchiuto cheUS haisi munzvimbo imwe chete nenyika dzese; kuti uiratidze pachati, unofanirwa kugadzira girafu yenyika dzese, woiisa pamadziro, wozoisa mamwe mapepa gumi nemaviri pamusoro payo, kumusoro kwemadziro wobva waisa chikamu chedenga, kuti ubatanidze United States. Asi zvichiyerwa sechikamu cheGDP, US yaigona kukwana pachati nedzimwe nyika. Uyezve, nhamba dzacho dzaive diki zvikuru. Zvikamu zviviri kubva muzana zvinonzwika sezvishoma pane trillion imwe chete. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti nhamba dzacho dzakabviswa mumhepo uye dzaigona kuwedzerwa chero paunoda. Trump paakatanga kuda 2 muzana, vamwe vedu takanyevera kuti kana akaiwana aizoda yakawanda. Tisati tambotura befu, akanga achinja kuenda ku5 muzana. Asi chakaipisisa kunzwisisa kwakatevera kubva pakushandura hurukuro dzese pamusoro pekushandisa mari muchiuto kuita aya mazwi. Dai kushandisa mari muchiuto kwaive kuipa kusingabatsire vamwe vedu vanofunga, saka kwaizoda kuderedzwa kusvika pazero. Dai kwaive kuipa kunodiwa, sezvinofunga vazhinji, kwaizoda kugadziriswa kuti kuenderane nenjodzi yaifungidzirwa uye kunogona kuderedzwa kuburikidza nezvibvumirano zvekubvisa zvombo kana kuburikidza nekubvisa zvombo nezvigadziko zvisingagadzirise zvinodiwa chaizvo. Asi kana kushandisa mari muchiuto kuri chimwe chinhu chinofanira kuwedzerwa nekukumbira zvakawanda, saka chinofanira kunge chiri basa reveruzhinji kana chimwe chinhu charo. Trump aigona kutorega kudana "kudzivirira" kwese kunopisa uye kudzorera zita rechokwadi kuUS War Department, chero bedzi hondo yaizove, zvachose, bhizinesi rekubatsira. Nyika dzakaisa mari shoma mukugadzirira kuurayiwa kwevanhu vazhinji dzinogona kupomerwa sevagari vepasi rose varombo. Avo vakapindura zvinodiwa naTrump ne Munyori Mukuru weNATO nekubvisa mari yehutano uye yekurega basa kuitira kuti vabvise mari yakawanda muhondo, vaigona kurumbidzwa sevatariri vane mutoro vePasi.
Zvinonakidza kana zvisiri zvinosuwisa: vanhu vakaparadzirwa kwezvizvarwa nezvizvarwa vachiti hondo "kudzivirira" havana kuteerera Trump uye vakaramba vachiramba vachishandisa zita rekuti Orwellian "Dhipatimendi reDziviriro," chimwe chiratidzo chekuti vanotenda mukugona kwehondo dzakanaka uye dzakakodzera.
Ndakataura nezveimwe nhema, nhema yekuti hondo chinhu chinoitwa nevanhu kana hurumende dzese kusvika padanho rakafanana. "Vakomana vachava vakomana," "Hondo inyaya yevanhu," "Hukuru hwehupfumi hunokonzera hondo," "Hondo iri kwese kwese," - rudzi urwu rwekutaura haruna musoro kana tikabvuma kuti 96 muzana yevanhu havarwi hondo zvakanyanya seizvi 4 muzana yevanhu pano muUnited States. Muzhizha ra2026, Trump aida kuti Congress ishandise mari inodarika $1.5 trillion mumauto. Asi zvichienderana nemushumo weProject on Government Oversight, mari inoshandiswa nemauto eUS yaitove $1.5 kusvika $1.7 trillion pagore, kana - kana ukabatanidza (uye nei usingafaniri?) mubereko pachikwereti chemari yakashandiswa nemauto yapfuura, $1.7 kusvika $2.3 trillion pagore. Kusiyana pakati pekuverenga kushanu kwakasiyana kwakaratidzwa mumushumo kwaive nezvakawanda zvekuita nekuoma uye kusazivikanwa kwehurumende yeUS, kusanganisira mhando dzakasiyana dzemashoko ehurumende anogona kushandiswa. Zvinoda kutsvagurudza kwakakomba kuti ubvise mauto, sezvo akavanzwa kwese kwese. Asi zvinhu zvine matikiti makuru zvinhu zvakaita se "Homeland Security," mabhenefiti evarwi vehondo, uye mubereko wechikwereti.
Mushumo uyu hautipi kana chikonzero chipi zvacho chekusahadzika nezvehuwandu hwakanyanya. Kana $2.3 trillion iyoyo pagore iri yechokwadi, uye kana vashandi vaTrump paCapitol Hill vakawedzera imwe $0.5 trillion chete nekuda kwezvibodzwa pamwe chete neimwe $0.2 trillion chaiyo yekuparadza Iran nekuvakazve nzvimbo dzakaparadzwa neIran - uye kuparadzwa kwacho kuri chikonzero chehondo - saka tichasvika pa $3 trillion ... uye - kunze kwekunge paine muzongoza munhamba yakakura yenhengo dzeCongress - imwe $3 trillion kana kupfuura gore rinotevera nerinotevera.
Mari yebhajeti yemauto kubva kuStockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) inoshandiswa zvakanyanya, chimwe chikamu ndechekuti SIPRI inopa nyika zhinji pasi pano kuitira kuti munhu akwanise kuenzanisa. Asi SIPRI ine US pamadhora $0.95 trillion muna 2025. Mushumo kubva kuPOGO unoratidza kuti kusabatsira kweSIPRI kungave kukanganisa kukuru kuUnited States (iyo yakarwa hondo dzakawanda) kupfuura zvaingave kune dzimwe nyika. Hurumende yeUS inopfuurawo nyika dzese dzepasi rose kana zvasvika pachikwereti. Uye zvikwereti zvidiki zvishoma zvedzimwe nyika zvinogona kunge zvichikonzerwa nehondo dzavasati varwa. Saka, pamwe hazvisi zvekunyanyisa kuenzanisa pakati pehuwandu chaihwo hwemari yemauto eUS nehuwandu hweSIPRI. mari inoshandiswa nevamwe vese muhondo(Cherechedza kuti SIPR haina data ra2025 reVenezuela, Cuba, kana North Korea.)
Muna 2025, nyika dzese dzisiri dzeUS dzine data reSIPRI dzakashandisa $1.86 trillion pamauto. China yakashandisa $0.336 trillion, Russia $0.19 trillion, Iran $0.007 trillion. Panguva iyi, US yaive pa $2.3 trillion, yakawanda zvikuru kupfuura dzimwe nyika dzese, kana kuti kanopfuura ka4 vavengi vayo vatatu vakasarudzwa vakabatanidzwa. US nevabatsiri vayo nevabatsiri pamwe nevatengi vezvombo muna 2025 (kureva kuti, hurumende yega yega kunze kwevavengi vatatu vakasarudzwa) yakashandisa $3.63 trillion kana kanenge ka7 kupfuura mari yakashandiswa nevavengi vatatu vakasarudzwa.
Chikonzero nei hurumende yeUS isingakwanise kukunda hondo hakusi kushaikwa kwemari yekushandisa, asi kushaikwa kwechero chirevo chakabatana nepfungwa yekuti "kukunda hondo." Hapana huwandu hwekuponda nekuparadza hunoita kuti vakapona vakude kana kukuteerera nechido. Hazvina kudaro. United States nenyika dzese dzaizove dzakachengeteka zvikuru nekushandisa mari shoma pahondo asi yakawanda pakubatsira chaiko, kushandira pamwe, kutonga kwemutemo, kubvisa zvombo, diplomacy, uye dziviriro yevanhu vasina zvombo.
Tinotenda zvikuru kuti hondo iri kurwiwa neIran parizvino haina kufarirwa zvakanyanya nekukurumidza kupfuura hondo dzekare. Zvakatora gore nehafu kuti ruzhinji rwutaure kuti hondo yeAfghanistan kana hondo yeIraq yaisafanira kunge yakatangwa, uye kunyangwe zvakadaro waisava neruzhinji rwekugumisa hondo imwe neimwe iyoyo. Dzaifanira kuenderera mberi nekuda kwekubatsira kwemauto. Iye zvino tine ruzhinji rukuru rwekugumisa hondo. Hatina zvakawanda zvatiri kuita kunze kwekuudza vanoongorora kuti tanzwisisa nhema. Dai takanzwisisa zvizere, taizoramba, tichikanganisa, tichivharira, uye tichivhara hurumende yeUS kusvika yave kutevedzera mutemo.
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