NaDavid Swanson, Telesur
Iyi Nyamavhuvhu 6th uye 9th mamirioni avanhu achaisa chiratidzo che 70th yekuputika kwamabhomba enyukireya kweHiroshima neNagasaki mumaguta iwayo uye ku zviitiko kutenderera nyika. Vamwe vachapemberera chibvumirano chazvino uno icho Iran yakazvipira kusatevera zvombo zvenyukireya, uye kutevedzera chibvumirano chisiri chekuwedzera (NPT) uye nezvinodiwa zvisina kuganhurirwa kurumwe rudzi.
Asi, idzo nyika dziine zvombo zvenyukireya dziri kutyora iyo NPT nekutadza kubvisa zvombo kana kuvaka zvimwe (US, Russia, UK, France, China, India), kana vakaramba kuramba chibvumirano (Israel, Pakistan, North Korea . Pari zvino nyika nyowani dziri kuwana simba renyukireya kunyangwe dzive nehuwandu hwakawanda hwemafuta uye / kana mamwe mamiriro akanakisa esimba rezuva pasi (Saudi Arabia, Jordan, UAE).
Zvombo zvenyukireya zvine zvinopfuura simba rese rekuputika kweHondo Yenyika II mubhomba rimwe chete zvinangwa nezviuru kuRussia kubva kuUnited States uye zvinopesana. Kukwana makumi matatu nemasere kwekupenga muUS kana mutungamiri weRussia kunogona kubvisa hupenyu hwese pasi pano. Uye United States iri kutamba mitambo yehondo pamuganhu weRussia. Kugamuchirwa kwekupenga uku senguva dzose uye kwakajairwa chikamu chekupfuurira kuputika kwemabhomba maviri iwayo, akatanga makore makumi manomwe apfuura uye kashoma kunyatsonzwisiswa.
Kudonhedzwa kwemabhomba iwayo uye kutyisidzira kuri pachena kubva pakudonhedza zvimwe imhosva itsva iyo yakazvara rudzi rutsva rwe imprisia. United States yapindira mukati pamusoro pemarudzi e70 - inopfuura rimwe chete pagore - kubvira Hondo Yenyika II, uye zvino yauya izere-denderedzwa kuhondo zvakare reJapan.
The nhoroondo yekutanga yemauto eUS yekuJapan yakaunzwa pachena naJames Bradley. Mu1853 iyo US Navy yakamanikidza Japan kuvhurika kune vatengesi veUS, mamishinari, uye mauto. Mu1872 mauto eUS akatanga kudzidzisa maJapan nzira yekukunda dzimwe nyika, neziso kuTaiwan.
Charles LeGendre, mukuru weAmerica achidzidzisa maJapan munzira dzehondo, akakurudzira kuti vatore Monroe Dzidziso yeAsia, iwo mutemo wekutonga Asia nenzira iyo United States yaitonga nyika yayo. Muna 1873, Japan yakapinda muTaiwan nevarairidzi vemauto eU.S. uye zvombo. Korea yakatevera, ikateverwa neChina muna 1894. Muna 1904, Mutungamiri weUS Theodore Roosevelt akakurudzira Japan mukurwisa Russia. Asi akatyora vimbiso kuJapan nekuramba kuenda kuruzhinji nerutsigiro rwake rweMonroe Dzidziso, uye akatsigira kuramba kweRussia kubhadhara Japan mari mushure mehondo. Humambo hweJapan hwazoonekwa semukwikwidzi kwete semumiriri, uye mauto eUS akapedza makumi emakore achironga kurwa neJapan.
Harry Truman, uyo aigona kuraira mabhomba enyukireya muna 1945, akataura muSeneti yeUS muna June 23, 1941: "Kana tikaona kuti Germany iri kukunda," akadaro, "isu tinofanirwa kubatsira Russia, uye kana Russia iri kukunda isu tinofanira kubatsira Germany, uye nenzira iyoyo ivo ngavauraye vakawanda sevanobvira. ” Truman akakoshesa hupenyu hweJapan pamusoro peRussia neGerman? Iko hakuna chero kupi zvako kuratidza kuti akazviita. Sarudzo yeUS Army muna 1943 yakawana kuti ingangoita hafu yemaGI ese aifunga kuti zvaizofanirwa kuuraya munhu wese wechiJapan pasi pano. William Halsey, uyo airaira mauto eU.S. muSouth Pacific, akapika kuti kana hondo yapera, mutauro wechiJapan unozotaurwa mugehena chete.
Musi waAugust 6, 1945, Mutungamiri Truman akazivisa: "Maawa gumi nematanhatu apfuura imwe ndege yekuAmerica yadonhedza bhomba rimwe kuHiroshima, yakakosha mauto eJapan." Chokwadi raive guta, kwete nzvimbo yemauto zvachose. "Patakawana bhomba takaishandisa," akadaro Truman. "Takazvishandisa kune avo vakatirwisa pasina yambiro kuPearl Harbor, kune avo vakaziya nenzara nekurova nekuuraya vasungwa veAmerica, uye nevaya vakasiya kunyepedzera kwekuteerera mutemo wepasi rese wehondo." Truman haana chaakataura nezvekuzeza kana mutengo unodiwa pakupedza hondo.
Muchokwadi, Japan yanga ichiedza kuzvipira kwemwedzi, kusanganisira munaJuly 13th tambo yakatumirwa kuna Stalin, uyo akaiverenga kuna Truman. Japan yaida kungochengeta mambo wayo, mazwi ayo United States yakaramba kusvika mushure mekubhomba kwenyukireya. Chipangamazano waTruman, James Byrnes aida kuti mabhomba adonhedzwe kupedza hondo Hondo yeSoviet Union isati yapinda muJapan. Muchokwadi, maSoviet akarwisa maJapan muManchuria pazuva rimwechete nekubhomba kweNagasaki ndokuvakurira. IUS neSoviet vakaenderera mberi nehondo kuJapan kwemavhiki mushure meNagasaki. Ipapo maJapan akazvipira.
United States Strategic Bombing Survey yakapedzisa ichiti, “… zvirokwazvo musi wa 31 Zvita, 1945 usati wasvika, uye mukana wese musi wa1 Mbudzi, 1945 usati wasvika, Japan ingadai yakazvipira kunyangwe mabhomba eatomiki anga asina kukandwa, kunyangwe Russia yanga isina kupinda Hondo, uye kunyangwe pasina kurwiswa kwakarongwa kana kufungidzirwa. ” Mumwe mushori wemabhomba enyukireya anga ataura maonero akafanana kuna Secretary of War mabhomba asati aitika aive General Dwight Eisenhower. Sachigaro weJoint Chiefs of Staff Admiral William D. Leahy akabvuma kuti: “Kushandiswa kwechombo chakaipa ichi kuHiroshima neNagasaki hakuna zvakwakatibatsira muhondo yedu neJapan. MaJapan akatokundwa uye akagadzirira kuzvipira. ”
Hondo yanga isati yapera chete. Humambo hutsva hweAmerica hwakatangwa. "Kumukira kuhondo… chichava chipingamupinyi chatisingakwanise kukunda," akadaro General Electric CEO Charles Wilson muna 1944. "Nechikonzero ichocho, ndine chokwadi chekuti tinofanira kutanga izvozvi kugadzirisa michina kwenguva yehondo zvachose. upfumi. ” Vakaita saizvozvo. Kunyangwe kupinda kwaive hapana chitsva kumauto eUS, ivo zvino zvasvika pachikamu chitsva chose. Uye kutyisidzira kuripo kwekushandiswa kwezvombo zvenyukireya kwave kuri chikamu chakakosha pazviri.
Truman akatyisidzira kuita nuke China muna 1950. Ngano yakavepo, muchokwadi, kuti kushinga kwaEisenhower kwekukoka China kwakatungamira mukukurumidza Hondo yeKorea. Kutenda mungano iyi kwakatungamira Mutungamiri Richard Nixon, makumi emakore gare gare, kufungidzira kuti anogona kupedza Hondo yeVietnam nekunyepedzera kupenga zvakakwana kushandisa mabhomba enyukireya. Kunyanya kushungurudza, iye aipenga zvakakwana. “Bhomba renyukireya, zvinokunetsa here? … Ndiri kungoda kuti ufunge zvakakura, Henry, kwaChristsakes, ”Nixon akadaro kuna Henry Kissinger mukukurukura sarudzo dzeVietnam. Uye kangani Iran yakayeuchidzwa kuti "sarudzo dzese dziri patafura"?
A mushandirapamwe mutsva Kubvisa zvombo zvenyukireya kuri kuwedzera nekukurumidza uye tinofanirwa kutsigirwa. Asi Japan iri kurudzirwazve. Uye kamwe zvakare, iyo US hurumende inofungidzira ichada mhedzisiro. Mutungamiri Shinzo Abe, nerubatsiro rweUS, vari kududzira iyi mutauro mubumbiro reJapan:
“[Ivo] vanhu vechiJapane vanoramba zvachose hondo sekodzero yekuzvitonga yenyika uye kutyisidzira kana kushandisa simba senzira yekugadzirisa makakatanwa epasi rose. … [L] uye, gungwa, uye mauto emuchadenga, pamwe nehumwe mukana wehondo, hazvife zvakachengetedzwa. ”
Iyo "dudziro" nyowani, yakaitwa pasina kugadzirisa Bumbiro, inobata kuti Japan inogona kuchengetedza ivhu, gungwa, uye mauto emuchadenga, pamwe nehumwe mukana wehondo, uye kuti Japan ichashandisa hondo kana kutyisidzira hondo kuzvidzivirira, kudzivirira chero yayo vanobatana, kana kutora chikamu muhondo-inogamuchirwa neUN chero kupi pasi pano. Unyanzvi hwaAbe hwe "kududzirwa patsva" hwaizoita kuti Hofisi yeU.S.
Vatauri veUS vari kutaura nezvekuchinja uku muJapan se "kurongeka" uye vachiratidza kutsamwa nekutadza kweJapan kupinda muhondo kubva Hondo Yenyika II. Hurumende yeUS ikozvino inotarisira kutora chikamu kweJapan mukutyisidzira kana kushandiswa kwehondo kuChina kana Russia. Asi kuperekedza kudzoka kwemauto echiJapan ndiko kusimuka kwerudzi rweJapan, kwete kuzvipira kweJapan kumutongi weUS. Uye kunyangwe nyika yeJapan haina kusimba muOkinawa, uko kufamba kwekudzinga mauto eUS kunowedzera kusimba nguva dzese. Mukugadzirisa Japan, pane kuzvideredza, United States iri kutamba nemoto.
