Nyamavhuvhu 2021 US drone kurova muKabul yakauraya 10 vagari vemuAfghan. Chikwereti: Getty Images
NaMedea Benjamin naNicolas JS Davies, World BEYOND War, January 10, 2022
Pentagon yakazoburitsa yayo yekutanga Mhedziso yeAirpower kubvira Mutungamiri Biden pavakatora chigaro rinenge gore rapfuura. Iyi mishumo yemwedzi nemwedzi yakadhindwa kubva 2007 kunyora huwandu hwemabhomba uye zvombo zvinokandwa zvakadonhedzwa nemauto emhepo anotungamirwa neUS muAfghanistan, Iraq neSyria kubvira 2004. Asi Mutungamiri Trump vakamira kuaburitsa mushure meKukadzi 2020, kuvhara kuenderera mberi kwekubhomba kweUS muchivande.
Kwemakore makumi maviri apfuura, sezvakanyorwa patafura iri pazasi, US uye mauto emhepo anodyidzana akadonhedza pamusoro pemabhomba e20 nemakomba kune dzimwe nyika. Iyoyo iavhareji yekuramwa mabasa 337,000 pazuva kwemakore makumi maviri. Uku kubhomba kusingaperi uku hakuna kungouraya nekuparadza vanhu vayo asi kunozivikanwa zvakanyanya sekukanganisa zvakanyanya runyararo nechengetedzo yepasi rose uye kuderedza chimiro cheAmerica munyika.
Hurumende yeUS pamwe nevezvematongerwo enyika vakabudirira zvinoshamisa kuchengetedza ruzhinji rweAmerica murima pamusoro pemhedzisiro inotyisa yeiyi mishandirapamwe yenguva refu yekuparadza vanhu vakawanda, zvichivabvumira kuchengetedza manyepo echiuto cheUS sesimba rezvakanaka munyika. rhetoric yavo yezvematongerwo enyika.
Ikozvino, kunyangwe vakatarisana nekutora kweTaliban muAfghanistan, vari kupeta zvakapetwa pakubudirira kwavo kutengesa iyi ngano yenhema kuruzhinji rweAmerica kuti vatonge Hondo yavo yekare yeCold War neRussia neChina, zvinoshamisa uye nekufungidzira vachiwedzera njodzi yehondo yenyukireya.
The itsva Mhedziso yeAirpower data rinoratidza kuti United States yakadonhedza mamwe mabhomba mazana matatu nemakumi maviri nemakumi mana nenhanhatu paAfghanistan, Iraq neSyria (3,246 pasi paTrump uye 2,068 pasi peBiden) kubva muna Kukadzi 1,178.
Nhau dzakanaka ndedzekuti kubhomba kweUS kune idzo nyika dze3 kwakadzikira zvakanyanya kubva kune anopfuura 12,000 mabhomba uye zvombo zvinokandwa zvayakadonhedza pavari muna 2019. Kutaura zvazviri, kubva pakabviswa mauto eUS kubva kuAfghanistan muna Nyamavhuvhu, mauto eUS akaitisa zviri pamutemo kwete. mhepo inorova ipapo, uye yakangodonhedza mabhomba gumi nematatu kana zvombo zvinokandwa paIraq neSyria - kunyangwe izvi zvisingadziviriri kumwe kurwiswa kusiri kutaurwa nemauto ari pasi peCIA kuraira kana kutonga.
Vatungamiri VaTrump naBiden vese vanokodzera kurumbidzwa nekuziva kuti kubhomba kusingaperi nekugara hakwaigona kuunza kukunda muAfghanistan. Kumhanya kwakaita hurumende yakagadzwa neUS yakawira kune veTaliban kana kubviswa kweUS kwave kuitika kwakasimbisa kuti makore makumi maviri ekugara kwemauto, kubhomba kwemuchadenga nerutsigiro rwehurumende dzine huwori zvakazongobatsira chete kutyaira vanhu veAfghanistan vakaneta nehondo. Kutonga kweTaliban.
Sarudzo yaBiden yekutevera makore makumi maviri ekugara kwekoloni uye kubhomba kwemuchadenga muAfghanistan nerudzi rwakafanana rwehutsinye hwekukomba kwehupfumi hondo iyo United States yakaparira Cuba, Iran, North Korea neVenezuela inogona kungowedzera kushora America mumaziso enyika.
Pave pasina kuzvidavirira nokuda kwaaya makore 20 okuparadza kusina mufungo. Kunyangwe nekuburitswa kweAirpower Summaries, chokwadi chakashata chehondo dzekubhomba dzeUS uye kuuraya kwakawanda kwavanoita zvinoramba zvakavanzwa kubva kuvanhu veAmerica.
Vangani ve3,246 kurwiswa kwakanyorwa muAirpower Summary kubva muna Kukadzi 2020 iwe wausati waverenga chinyorwa ichi? Iwe unogona kunge wakanzwa nezve drone kurohwa kwakauraya 10 vagari veAfghan muKabul muna Nyamavhuvhu 2021. Asi zvakadini nemamwe mabhomba e3,245 nemakomba? Vakauraya kana kukuvadza ani, uye vakaparadza misha yaani?
The December 2021 New York Times pachena nezvemhedzisiro yekurwiswa kwendege kweUS, mhedzisiro yekuferefeta kwemakore mashanu, yaishamisa kwete chete kune vanhu vakawanda vakakuvara uye manyepo emauto ayo akafumura, asi zvakare nekuti yakaratidza kuti kushoma kuferefeta kwakaitwa nevezvenhau veUS pamakumi maviri emakore aya. yehondo.
Muhondo dzeAmerica dzakabudirira, dziri kure-dzinodzora mhepo, kunyangwe varwi veUS vanonyanya kubatanidzwa uye vanobatanidzwa zvakanyanya vanodzivirirwa kubva mukusangana nevanhu nevanhu vane hupenyu hwavari kuparadza, nepo kune vazhinji vevanhu veAmerica, zvinoita sekunge aya mazana ezviuru. kuputika kunouraya hakuna kumboitika.
Kushaikwa kwekuziva kweveruzhinji nezvekurwiswa kwendege kweUS hakusi mhedzisiro yekushaya hanya nekuparadza kwakawanda kunoitwa nehurumende yedu mumazita edu. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki zvatinoziva nezvazvo, semhondi yekurova drone muKabul muna Nyamavhuvhu, veruzhinji vanoda kuziva zvakaitika uye vanotsigira zvakasimba kuzvidavirira kweUS pakufa kwevanhu.
Saka kusaziva kweruzhinji kwe99% yekurova kwemhepo kweUS uye mhedzisiro yavo haisi mhedzisiro yekusakendenga kweveruzhinji, asi nesarudzo nemaune nemauto eUS, vezvematongerwo enyika vemapato ese uye vezvenhau vemakambani kuchengetedza veruzhinji murima. Iyo yakanyanya kusatariswa 21-mwedzi-yakareba kudzvinyirirwa kwemwedzi nemwedzi Airpower Summaries ndiyo chete yazvino muenzaniso weizvi.
Ikozvino iyo itsva Airpower Summary yakazadza mune yakambovanzwa manhamba e2020-21, heino data rakazara rinowanikwa pamakore makumi maviri ekuuraya nekuparadza kweUS uye mubatanidzwa wemhepo.
Huwandu hwemabhomba uye makombora akadonhedzwa kune dzimwe nyika neUnited States nevabatsiri vayo kubvira 2001:
| Iraq (neSiriya *) | Afuganisitani | Yemeni | Mamwe Nyika ** | |
| 2001 | 214 | 17,500 | ||
| 2002 | 252 | 6,500 | 1 | |
| 2003 | 29,200 | |||
| 2004 | 285 | 86 | 1 (Pk) | |
| 2005 | 404 | 176 | 3 (Pk) | |
| 2006 | 310 | 2,644 | 7,002 (Le,Pk) | |
| 2007 | 1,708 | 5,198 | 9 (Pk,S) | |
| 2008 | 1,075 | 5,215 | 40 (Pk,S) | |
| 2009 | 126 | 4,184 | 3 | 5,554 (Pk,Pl) |
| 2010 | 8 | 5,126 | 2 | 128 (Pk) |
| 2011 | 4 | 5,411 | 13 | 7,763 (Li,Pk,S) |
| 2012 | 4,083 | 41 | 54 (Li, Pk,S) | |
| 2013 | 2,758 | 22 | 32 (Li,Pk,S) | |
| 2014 | 6,292 * | 2,365 | 20 | 5,058 (Li,Pl,Pk,S) |
| 2015 | 28,696 * | 947 | 14,191 | 28 (Li,Pk,S) |
| 2016 | 30,743 * | 1,337 | 14,549 | 529 (Li,Pk,S) |
| 2017 | 39,577 * | 4,361 | 15,969 | 301 (Li,Pk,S) |
| 2018 | 8,713 * | 7,362 | 9,746 | 84 (Li,Pk,S) |
| 2019 | 4,729 * | 7,423 | 3,045 | 65 (Li,S) |
| 2020 | 1,188 * | 1,631 | 7,622 | 54 (S) |
| 2021 | 554 * | 801 | 4,428 | 1,512 (Pl,S) |
| muunganidzwa | 154, 078* | 85,108 | 69,652 | 28,217 |
Grand Total = 337,055 mabhomba nemakomba.
**Dzimwe Nyika: Lebanon, Libya, Pakistan, Palestine, Somalia.
Aya manhamba akavakirwa paUS Airpower Summary yeAfghanistan, Iraq, neSyria; iyo Bureau yeInvestigative Journalism kuverenga kwe drone inorwa muPakistan, Somalia neYemen; the Yemen Data Project's kuverenga kwemabhomba uye zvombo zvinokandwa zvakadonhedzwa paYemen (kungosvika munaGunyana 2021); dhatabhesi reNew America Foundation re kunze kwenyika mhepo inorova muLibhiya; nemamwe manyuko.
Kune akati wandei mapoka ekurova kwemhepo asina kubatanidzwa mutafura iyi, zvichireva kuti nhamba dzechokwadi dzezvombo zvakaburitswa zvakanyanyisa. Izvi zvinosanganisira:
Helicopter inorova: Military Times yakabudiswa an article muna Kukadzi 2017 ine musoro unoti, “Nhamba dzemauto eUS pakurova kwemhepo kunouraya hadzina kunaka. Zviuru hazvina kushumwa.” Dziva rakakura kwazvo rekurova kwemhepo risina kubatanidzwa muUS Airpower Summaries kurohwa nezvikopokopo. Mauto eUnited States akaudza vanyori kuti helicopters dzayo dzakaita 456 neimwe nzira isina kutaurwa yemhepo muAfghanistan mu 2016. Vanyori vakatsanangura kuti kusataura kwekurova kweherikoputa kwave kuchienderana muhondo dzese dzepashure-9/11, uye havasati vaziva kuti sei. zvombo zvakawanda zvakapfurwa mukurwiswa ikoko mazana mana nemakumi mashanu nenhanhatu muAfghanistan mugore rimwe chete ravaiferefeta.
AC-130 pfuti: Mauto eUS haana kuparadza maDoctors Without Borders chipatara muKunduz, Afghanistan, muna 2015 nemabhomba kana makombi, asi neLockheed-Boeing AC-130 pfuti. Michina iyi yekuparadza vanhu vakawanda, inowanzoitwa neUS Air Force special operations forces, yakagadzirirwa kutenderedza chinangwa pasi, ichidira mabhomba ehowitzer nemoto wecannon mairi kusvika yaparadzwa zvachose. US yakashandisa AC-130s muAfghanistan, Iraq, Libya, Somalia, neSyria.
Strafing runs: US Airpower Summaries ye2004-2007 yaisanganisira chiziviso chekuti tally yavo "yekurohwa nepfuti yakadonha ... haisanganisire 20mm uye 30mm cannon kana maroketi." Asi ivo Makona 30mm paA-10 Warthogs nedzimwe ndege dzinorwisa pasi zvombo zvine simba, zvakagadzirirwa kuparadza matangi eSoviet. A-10s anogona kupisa 65 depleted uranium shells pasekondi kufukidza nzvimbo ine moto unouraya uye usingasaruri. Asi izvo hazviratidzike se "kuburitswa kwezvombo" muUS Airpower Summaries.
"Counter-inurgency" uye "counter-terrorism" mashandiro mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzepasi: United States yakaumba mubatanidzwa wemauto nenyika dze11 dzeWest Africa mu2005, uye yakavaka nzvimbo yedrone muNiger, asi isu hatina kuwana chero yakarongeka. kuverengera kweUS pamwe neanodyidzana nemhepo inorova mudunhu iroro, kana muPhilippines, Latin America kana kumwewo.
Kutadza kwehurumende yeUS, vezvematongerwo enyika nevezvenhau vemakambani kuzivisa nekudzidzisa veruzhinji vekuAmerica nezvehurongwa hwekuparadza vanhu vakawanda hwakaitwa nemauto enyika yedu kwabvumira kuti kuuraya uku kuenderere mberi kusingatariswe uye kusingatariswe kwemakore makumi maviri.
Izvo zvakatisiya isu tisina njodzi kumutsidziro yeanachronistic, Manichean Cold War nhoroondo inoisa njodzi yakanyanya. Mune ino topsy-turvy, "kuburikidza negirazi rinotarisa" rondedzero, nyika ichibhomba chaizvo maguta kuti aparadzwe uye kurwa hondo izvozvo kuuraya mamiriyoni yevanhu, inozviratidza sesimba rine chinangwa chakanaka chezvakanaka munyika. Zvadaro zvinopenda nyika dzakaita seChina, Russia neIran, idzo dzakasimbisa dziviriro yavo zvinonzwisisika kudzivirira United States kubva kuvarwisa, sekutyisidzira vanhu veAmerica uye kurunyararo rwepasirese.
The hurukuro dzepamusoro kutanga musi wa 10 Ndira muGeneva pakati peUnited States neRussia mukana wakaoma, pamwe mukana wekupedzisira, wekusimudzira mukukwira kweHondo Yemashoko yazvino kusati kwaparara kwehukama hweEast-West kusingadzokerike kana kuita kunetsana kwemauto.
Kana isu tichizobuda kubva muuranda uhwu hwechiuto uye tichidzivirira njodzi yehondo yeapocalyptic neRussia kana China, veruzhinji veUS vanofanirwa kupokana neyakajeka Cold War rondedzero yekuti mauto eUS nevatungamiriri vevanhu vari kushambadzira kururamisa mari yavo inoramba ichiwedzera munyukireya. zvombo uye muchina wehondo weUS.
Medhiya Bhenjamini ndiye anodzidzisa CODEPINK Rugare, uye munyori wemabhuku akati wandei, kusanganisira Mukati Iran: The Real History and Politics of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
Nicolas JS Davies mutori wenhau akazvimirira, muongorori neCODEPINK uye munyori we Ropa pamaoko edu: IAmerican Invasion uye Kuparadza kweIraq.
Imwe Mhinduro
IUS idhimoni rerufu pasi rese! Ini handitengi iyo "hatina kuziva" gakava rakakurudzirwa nevamiriri vekuAmerica. Zvinondiyeuchidza nezvevaGermany mushure meWWII pavakashanyira misasa yevasungwa yeNazi ndokuona mirwi yezvitunha. Handitendi kuratidzira kwavo ipapo uye handitendi maAmericans izvozvi!