Kubvira kuPacific Pivot kusvika kuGreen Revolution

Chinyorwa ichi chikamu chevhiki nevhiki FPIF yakatevedzana pane hutongi hwaObama "Pacific Pivot," iyo inoongorora zvinorehwa nekuvakwa kwemauto eUS muAsia-Pacific - zvese zvezvematongerwo enyika uye kune vanonzi "vakatambira" nharaunda. Unogona kuverenga sumo yaJoseph Gerson kune dzakatevedzana pano.

Zvikomo zvakadzika zvedunhu reDalateqi reInner Mongolia zvakapararira zvinyoronyoro kuseri kweimba yepurazi yakapendwa. Mbudzi nemombe zvinofura murunyararo muminda yakapoteredza. Asi famba uchienda kumadokero kwemamita zana chete kubva kuimba yepurazi uye uchasangana nechinhu chishoma chehufundisi: mafungu asingaperi ejecha, asipo chero chiratidzo chehupenyu, anotambanuka kusvika pakuona neziso.

Iri irenje reKubuchi, chikara chakazvarwa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze icho chiri kutsvedza zvisingaite kumabvazuva kwakananga kuBeijing, makiromita mazana masere kubva ipapo. Zvisina kuvharwa, zvichafukidza guta guru reChina munguva pfupi iri kuuya. Ichi chikara chinogona kunge chisati chaonekwa muWashington, asi mhepo ine simba inotakura jecha rayo kuenda kuBeijing neSeoul, uye dzimwe dzinoita kuti isvike kumahombekombe ekumabvazuva kweUnited States.

Kuva gwenga ingozi huru kuupenyu hwevanhu. Magwenga ari kupararira nekukurumidza kunowedzera pamakondinendi ese. United States yakatambura kurasikirwa kukuru kwehupenyu uye raramo panguva yeDust Bowl yeAmerican Great Plains muma1920s, sezvakaita dunhu reSahel reWest Africa mukutanga ma1970. Asi shanduko yemamiriro ekunze iri kutora gwenga kune imwe nhanho, ichityisidzira kugadzira mamirioni, pakupedzisira mabhiriyoni, evapoteri vezvakatipoteredza vevanhu muAsia, Africa, Australia, neAmerica. Chikamu chimwe muzvitanhatu chevagari veMali neBurkina Faso vakatove vapoteri nekuda kwekupararira kwegwenga. Migumisiro yejecha rose rinokambaira iri inodyira nyika mabhiriyoni makumi mana nemaviri emadhora pagore, maererano neUN Environmental Program.

Kupararira kwegwenga, kusanganiswa nekuoma kwemakungwa, kunyunguduka kweaizi inoputika, uye kuparara kwezvinomera nemhuka pasi pano, kuri kuita kuti nyika yedu isazivikanwa. Mifananidzo yenzvimbo dzisina miti yakatumirwa neNASA Curiosity Rover kubva kuMars inogona kunge iri mifananidzo yeramangwana redu rinosuwisa.

Asi iwe haungazive kuti gwenga ndiro harbinger yeapocalypse kana wakatarisa mawebhusaiti eWashington kufunga matangi. Kutsvaga pawebhusaiti yeBrookings Institution yezwi rekuti "missile" yakaburitsa 1,380 zvinyorwa, asi "kuparara kwegwenga" kwakaburitsa zvishoma 24. Kutsvaga kwakafanana pawebhusaiti ye Heritage Foundation yakabudisa 2,966 zvinyorwa zve "missile" uye zvitatu chete zve "renje." Kunyangwe zvityisidziro zvakaita segwenga zvave kutouraya vanhu — uye zvichauraya vamwe vazhinji mumakumi emakore ari mberi — havagamuchire tarisiro yakawandisa, kana zviwanikwa, sekutyisidzira kwechinyakare kwekuchengetedza sehugandanga kana kurwiswa kwemakombi, izvo zvinouraya vashoma.

Kuva gwenga kunongova kumwe chete kwetyisidziro dzakawanda dzemhoteredzo—kubva pakushomeka kwezvokudya nehosha itsva kusvika pakutsakatika kwezvirimwa nemhuka kunokosha kunharaunda yezvipenyu—izvo zvinotyisidzira kutsakatika kwemarudzi edu. Zvakadaro hatisati tambotanga kuvandudza matekinoroji, marongero, uye chiono chenguva refu chinodiwa kutarisana netyisidziro iyi yekuchengetedzeka. Vatakuri vendege dzedu, zvombo zvinokandwa, uye cyber warfare hazvina maturo kurwisa uku kutyisidzira sezvo zvimiti nematombo zvinopesana nematangi neherikoputa.

Kana tichizorarama kupfuura zana rino ramakore, tinofanira kuchinja zvikuru kunzwisisa kwedu kwechengeteko. Avo vanoshandira muchiuto vanofanira kugamuchira chiono chitsva chose chemauto edu ane zvombo. Kutanga neUnited States, mauto epasi rose anofanira kupa chikamu chinosvika makumi mashanu muzana chebhajeti rawo mukugadzira nekushandisa matekinoroji kumisa kupararira kwegwenga, kumutsiridza nyanza, uye kushandura zvachose hurongwa hweindasitiri hunoparadza hwanhasi kuti huve hupfumi hutsva. inogadzikana mupfungwa yechokwadi yeshoko racho.

Nzvimbo yakanaka yekutanga iri kuEast Asia, iyo inotarisisa yehutongi hwaObama hwakanyanya kukoshesa "Pacific pivot." Kana tikasaita rudzi rwakasiyana kwazvo rwepivot munzvimbo iyoyo yenyika, uye munguva pfupi, jecha rerenje nemvura inokwira zvichatiputira tose.

Asia's Environmental Imperative

East Asia inowedzera kushanda seinjini inotyaira hupfumi hwenyika, uye marongero ayo edunhu anoisa zviyero zvepasirese. China, South Korea, Japan, uye kuwedzera kuMabvazuva kweRussia vari kusimudzira hutungamiriri hwavo hwepasi rose mukutsvaga, kugadzira tsika, uye kumisikidzwa kwemaitiro ekutonga nekutonga. Inguva inonakidza yeEast Asia inovimbisa mikana yakakura.

Asi maitiro maviri anovhiringidza anotyisidzira kugadzirisa iri Pacific Century. Kune rimwe divi, kukurumidza kusimudzira hupfumi uye kusimbiswa kwezvinobuda kwehupfumi - kusiyana nekukura kwakasimba - zvakakonzera kupararira kwegwenga, kudzikira kwemvura yakachena, uye tsika yevatengi inokurudzira zvinhu zvinoraswa uye kushandiswa kwemapofu pa mari yezvakatipoteredza.

Ukuwo, kuwedzera kusingadzoreki kwemari yemauto mudunhu iri kunotyisidzira kukanganisa vimbiso yedunhu iri. Muna 2012, China yakawedzera mari yayo muhondo ne11 muzana, vachipasa chiratidzo chemadhora bhiriyoni kekutanga. Kuwedzera kwakapetwa kaviri kwakabatsira kusundidzira vavakidzani veChina kuti vawedzere mabhajeti avo ehondo zvakare. South Korea yanga ichiwedzera mari yainoshandisa pamauto, paine fungidziro yekuti kuwedzera kwe100-percent kwa5. Kunyange hazvo Japan yakachengeta mari yayo muhondo kusvika ku2012 muzana yeGDP yayo, zvakadaro inonyoresa se wechitanhatu mukuru kushandisa mari munyika, maererano neStockholm International Peace Research Institute. Kushandiswa kwemari uku kwakurudzira nhangemutange yezvombo yave kutopararira kuSoutheast Asia, South Asia, neCentral Asia.

Kushandiswa kwese uku kwakabatana nekushandisa kukuru kwemauto muUnited States, iyo inotungamira mauto epasi rose. Congress parizvino iri kufunga nezvebhajeti rePentagon remadhora mazana matanhatu nemazana manomwe emadhora, inova mabhiriyoni matatu emadhora kupfuura zvakakumbirwa nemutungamiri wenyika. United States yakagadzira denderedzwa rakashata rekupesvedzera munzvimbo yemauto. Pentagon inokurudzira vamwe vayo vanobatana navo kuti vawedzere mari yavo kuti vatenge zvombo zveUS uye kuchengetedza kudyidzana kwemasisitimu. Asi kunyangwe iyo United States ichiona kuderedzwa kwePentagon sechikamu chechibvumirano chekudzikisa chikwereti, inokumbira vanobatana nayo kuti vatakure mutoro wakawanda. Chero nzira, Washington inosundidzira vanobatana nayo kuti vape zvimwe zviwanikwa kumauto, izvo zvinongowedzera kusimbisa nhangemutange yezvombo ine simba mudunhu.

Vezvematongerwo enyika veEurope vakarota nezvekondinendi ine rugare yakabatanidzwa makore zana apfuura. Asi kukakavara kusina kugadziriswa pamusoro penyika, pfuma, uye nhau dzenhau, pamwe chete nokushandiswa kwakawedzerwa kwechiuto, kwakakonzera hondo dzenyika mbiri dzinoparadza. Kana vatungamiriri vekuAsia vakasadzora munhangemutange yavo yezvombo yazvino, vanoisa panjodzi yemhedzisiro yakafanana, zvisinei nekutaura kwavo nezvekugara murunyararo.

A Green Pivot

Kutyisidzirwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kutiza kushandiswa kwechiuto ndiko Scylla naCharybdis kwakapoteredza East Asia nenyika inofanira kufamba. Asi pamwe zvikara izvi zvinogona kumukirana. Kana vese vanobatana muEast Asia yakabatanidzwa vakatsanangurazve "chengetedzo" pamwe chete kureva kutyisidzira kwezvakatipoteredza, kushandira pamwe pakati pevarwi vakasiyana kugadzirisa matambudziko ezvakatipoteredza kunogona kushanda sechipo chekuburitsa paradigm itsva yekugarisana.

Nyika dzese dzave kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma mashandisiro adzo pazvinhu zvezvakatipoteredza - chirongwa cheChina chine mukurumbira 863, iyo green inosimudzira pasuru yehutongi hwaObama, Lee Myung-bak's green investments muSouth Korea. Asi izvi hazvina kukwana. Inofanira kuperekedzwa nekudzikiswa kwakakomba kwechiuto chemazuva ose. Mumakore gumi anotevera China, Japan, Korea, United States nedzimwe nyika dzeAsia dzinofanirwa kudzorerazve mari yadzo yekushandisa muchiuto kugadzirisa kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza. Basa rekuparadzanisa kwese kwemauto mune imwe neimwe yenyika idzi rinofanira kutsanangurwa patsva, uye vakuru vemauto vakamboronga nezvehondo dzepanyika nekurwiswa kwemakombora vanofanirwa kudzidzira kutarisana nekutyisidzira kutsva uku mukubatana pamwe chete.

America's Civilian Conservation Corps, iyo yakashandisa chirongwa chemauto sechikamu chemushandirapamwe kugadzirisa matambudziko ezvakatipoteredza muUnited States muma1930s, inogona kushanda semuenzaniso wekubatana kutsva muEast Asia. Yatova International NGO Future Forest inounza vechidiki vekuKorea neChinese pamwechete kuti vashande seboka rekudyara miti ye "Great Green Wall" yavo kuti ive neKubuchi Desert. Pasi peutungamiri hweaimbova mumiriri weSouth Korea kuChina Kwon Byung Hyun, Future Forest yakabatana nevanhu veko kudyara miti uye kuchengetedza ivhu.

Danho rekutanga nderekuti nyika dzidaidze Green Pivot Forum inotsanangura kutyisidzira kukuru kwezvakatipoteredza, zviwanikwa zvinodiwa kurwisa matambudziko, uye kubuda pachena mumashandisirwo echiuto anodiwa kuona kuti nyika dzese dzinobvumirana nezvehuwandu hwekutanga.

Danho rinotevera richanyanya kunetsa: kutora fomura yakarongeka yekudzoreredza chikamu chega chega chemauto aripo. Zvichida mauto emugungwa aizoita basa guru rekuchengetedza nekudzoreredza makungwa, mauto emuchadenga aizoita basa remhepo nemhepo, mauto aizotarisira mashandisirwo evhu nemasango, vezvikepe vaizobata nyaya dzakaoma dzezvakatipoteredza, uye hungwaru hwaizobata zvakarongeka. kutariswa kwemamiriro ekunze kwenyika. Mukati memakore gumi, inopfuura 50 muzana yemabhajeti emauto eChina, Japan, Korea, neUnited States—pamwe chete nedzimwe nyika—yaizotsaurirwa kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kudzoreredza ecosystem.

Kana pfungwa yekuronga zvechiuto nekutsvagisa yashandurwa, kushandira pamwe kunogoneka pamwero waimbofungwa nezvawo. Kana muvengi ari shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, kubatana kwepedyo pakati peUnited States, China, Japan, neRepublic of Korea hazvigoneke chete, zvakakosha.

Senyika imwe neimwe uye senharaunda yepasirese, tine sarudzo: Tinogona kuenderera mberi nekudzingirira kuchengetedzwa kuburikidza nesimba remauto. Kana kuti isu tinogona kusarudza kugadzirisa matambudziko arikunetsa akatitarisana nawo: dambudziko rehupfumi hwenyika, shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, uye kuwanda kwenyukireya.

Muvengi ari pamasuwo. Tichateerera here kushevedzera uku kushumiro, kana kuti tichangoviga misoro yedu mujecha?