France uye iyo Fraying yeNATO

Mufananidzo Sosi: Sachigaro weJoint Chief - CC BY 2.0

naGary Leupp, Counter Punch, October 7, 2021

 

Biden akatsamwisa France nekuronga chibvumirano chekupa submarines dzinoshandisa simba renyukireya kuAustralia. Izvi zvinotsiva kondirakiti yekutenga ngarava dzedhiziri-dzinofambiswa kubva kuFrance. Australia ichafanirwa kubhadhara zvirango zvekutyora chibvumirano asi veFrance capitalists vacharasikirwa nemabhiriyoni makumi manomwe emadhora. Iko kunzwisisika kwekunaka kweCanberra neWashington kwakonzera Paris kuenzanisa Biden naTrump. IUK inhengo yechitatu muchibvumirano saka tarisira hukama hwepashure peBrexit Franco neBritish hudzikire zvakare. Izvi zvese zvakanaka, mumaonero angu!

Ichi zvakare chinhu chakanaka kuti kubviswa kwaBidid kwemauto eUS kubva kuAfghanistan kwakarongedzwa zvisirizvo ne "mubatanidzwa wemubatanidzwa" wakasara seBritain, French neGerman, zvichitsoropodza kutsamwa. Zvakanaka kuti mutungamiriri weBritain akurudzira kuFrance "Mubatanidzwa weVanoda" kuenderera mberi nekurwa muAfghanistan zvichitevera kubviswa kweUS-uye zvirinani kuti yakanga yafa mumvura. (Zvichida maFrench ari nani kupfuura maBrits anorangarira Suez Crisis ya1956, mubatanidzwa wakaipa weAnglo-French neIsrael kuedza kudzoreredza kutonga kweva impiriyaist pamusoro pegwara. Haina kungotadza kutora chikamu kweUS chete; Eisenhower akaivhara zvine musoro mushure mekunyeverwa nevaIjipita. 'Varidzi veSoviet.) Zvakanaka kuti nyika nhatu idzi dzakateerera rairo yeUS yekusimudzira vimbiso yavo yeNATO yekumira neUS painorwiswa; kuti vakarasikirwa nemauto anopfuura mazana matanhatu mukuedza kusingabatsiri; uye kuti pakupedzisira US haina kuona zvakakodzera kunyange kuvapinza muzvirongwa zvekupedzisira. Zvakanaka kumuka kune chokwadi chekuti ma imperiisteri eUS angave nehanya zvishoma nezvavanopa kana nehupenyu hwavo, asi zvinongoda kuteerera kwavo uye kuzvipira.

Zvinoshamisa kuti Germany, kunyangwe ichipikisa US, yakaramba ichibatanidzwa muNordstream II gasi pombi yepombi pamwe neRussia. Vatatu vekupedzisira vekuUS vapikisa pombi iyi, vachiti inokanganisa mubatanidzwa weNATO uye inobatsira Russia (uye kukurudzira kutenga kwezvinodhura zvemagetsi emuUS pachinzvimbo - kuwedzera kuchengetedzana, hauone). Nharo dzeCold War dzakadonhera panzeve. Iyo pombi yakapera mwedzi wapfuura. Yakanaka pakutengeserana kwepasirese kwepasirese uye nehutongi hwenyika, uye yakakosha yekuEurope kurova kuUS hegemony.

Izvo zvakanaka kuti VaTrump munaAug. 2019 vakasimudza tarisiro isina musoro yekutenga Greenland kubva kuDenmark, vasina hanya nenyaya yekuti Greenland ibato rinozvitonga, mukati meHumambo hweDenmark. (Ndi 90% Inuit, uye inotungamirwa nemapato ezvematongerwo enyika vachitsvaga rusununguko. Kusanganisira nyika yekudya kwemanheru pamwe namambokadzi. Akatadzira kwete nyika yeDanish chete asi pfungwa dzakakurumbira muEurope yese nehurombo hwake uye kuzvitutumadza nekoloni. Zvakanaka.

Trump pachezvake, akatuka zvisina kufanira gurukota reCanada uye chancellor weGerman nemutauro mumwechete wevacheche waakashandisa kupikisa vanopikisa vezvematongerwo enyika. Akasimudza mibvunzo muEuropean 'nepfungwa dzevaCanada nezve kukosha kwemubatanidzwa nehuipi hwakadai. Icho chaive chikuru mupiro wenhoroondo.

Zvakanaka zvakare kuti, muLibhiya muna 2011, Hillary Clinton achishanda nevatungamiriri veFrance neBritain vakawana mvumo yeUN kuitira chinangwa cheNATO chekuchengetedza vanhu muLibya. Uye izvo, apo basa rinotungamirwa neUS rakapfuura danho reUN uye rikarwa hondo izere yekupidigura mutungamiri weLibya, zvichishatirisa China neRussia yakadeedzera manyepo, dzimwe nyika dzeNATO dzakaramba kutora chikamu kana kudzoka mukusemesa. Imwe hondo yeUS imperialist yakanangana nenhema dzinogadzira kusagadzikana uye mafashama eEurope nevapoteri. Izvo zvaive zvakanaka chete muchokwadi icho chakaburitsa pachena zvakare zvachose hunhu hwehunhu hweUSA zvakanyanya kwazvo izvozvi zvakabatana nemifananidzo yaAbu Ghraib, Bagram, uye Guantanamo. Zvese muzita reNATO.

***

Kwemakumi maviri emakore apfuura, neSoviet Union uye "kutyisidzira kwechikomonisiti" zvichidzora ndangariro, iyo US yakawedzera zvine mutsindo musangano uyu unorwisa-Soviet, unorwisa makomunisiti mushure mehondo inonzi NATO yekukomberedza Russia. Chero munhu asina rusarura anotarisa pamepu anogona kunzwisisa kunetseka kweRussia. Russia inoshandisa chikamu cheshanu cheizvo US neNATO vanoshandisa pamashandisirwo ehondo. Russia haisi tyisidziro yemauto kuEurope kana kuNorth America. Saka-maRussia anga achibvunza kubvira 1999, Bill Clinton paakatyora vimbiso yake yekutanga kuna Gorbachev ndokutangazve kuwedzera kweNATO nekuwedzera Poland, Hungary neCzechoslovakia - sei uchiramba uchiedza kushandisa kutikomberedza?

Zvichakadaro vazhinji veEuropean vari kukahadzika hutungamiriri hweUnited States. Izvi zvinoreva kusahadzika chinangwa uye kukosha kweNATO. Yakagadzirirwa kusangana nekufungidzira kweSoviet kupinda kwe "kumadokero" kweEurope, haina kumbobvira yaendeswa muhondo panguva yeCold War. Hondo yaro yekutanga yaive yehondo yeClintons paSerbia muna 1999. Iyi mhirizhonga, yakadimbura nyika yenhoroondo yeSerbia kubva kuSerbia kuti igadzire nyika (isina kusimba) yenyika yeKosovo, yakaramba kurambwa nevatori vechikamu Spain neGrisi vanoona kuti UN chisarudzo chinopa mvumo ye "rubatsiro" muSerbia yakataura zvakajeka kuti nyika yeSerbia inoramba isina divi. Zvichakadaro (mushure mekunyorwa kwechibvumirano "Rambouillet chibvumirano") gurukota rezvekunze reFrance rakanyunyuta kuti US yaiita senge hyper-pouissance ("hyperpower" zvichipesana neane simba guru).

Remangwana reNATO rakarara neUS, Germany, France neUK. Vatatu vekupedzisira vaive mitezo mirefu yeEU, iyo nepo bhizimusi rekukwikwidzana rekutengeserana raiwanzowirirana marongero neNATO. NATO yakaputira EU zvekuti zvekuti nyika dzese dzakabvumidzwa mubatanidzwa wemauto kubvira 1989 dzakatanga kujoina NATO, kozoti EU. Uye mukati meEU - inova mushure mezvose, bhizimusi rekutengeserana rinokwikwidza neNorth America - iyo UK yakashanda kwenguva yakareba senge rudzi rweUS surrogate ichikurudzira kubatana pamwe neRussia kutengeserana kuramwa, nezvimwe. Iye zvino UK yapatsanuka kubva kuEU, isingawanikwe, taura, kumanikidza Germany kunzvenga madhiri nemaRussia maWashington anopikisa. Kugona!

Germany ine zvikonzero zvakati wandei zvekuda kuwedzera kutengeserana neRussia uye zvino yaratidza kuda kusimuka kuU.S.German neFrance vese vakapokana Hondo yaIraq yaGeorge W. Bush maererano nenhema. Hatifanire kukanganwa kuti Bush (akasimudzirwa nguva pfupi yadarika semutungamiriri nemaDemocrats!) Akakwikwidza mutsivi wake Trump semunhu akashata, anonyepa buffoon. Uye kana VaObama vaiita kunge gamba mukusiyana, magineti avo akadonha sezvo veEurope vakaziva kuti vese vaiongororwa neNational Security Agency, uye kuti mafoni aAngela Merkel naPapa akaiswa mutsindo. Iyi yaive nyika yerusununguko nedemokrasi, yaigara ichizvikudza nezve kusunungura Europe kubva kumaNazi uye kutarisira mubhadharo wekusingaperi nenzira yezvigadziko uye kuremekedzwa kwezvematongerwo enyika.

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Pave nemakore makumi manomwe nemanomwe kubvira kudonha kweBerlin (kuvaSoviet, sezvamunoziva, kwete kuUS);

72 kubvira pakavambwa North North Chibvumirano Sangano (NATO);

Kubvira kudonha kweRusvingo rweBerlin uye vimbiso naGeorge WH Bush kuna Gorbachev HAPANA kuwedzera NATO mberi;

22 kubvira kutangazve kwekuwedzera kweNATO;

22 kubvira Hondo yeUS-NATO kuSerbia kusanganisira yekubhomba kwemuchadenga kweBelgrade;

20 kubvira NATO payakaenda kuhondo kuAmerica ichitungamirwa muAfghanistan, zvichikonzera kuparara nekutadza;

Makore gumi nematatu kubvira US yazviziva Kosovo senyika yakazvimiririra, uye NATO yakazivisa kubvumidzwa kwenguva pfupi kweUkraine neGeorgia, zvichikonzera Hondo pfupi yeRussia-Georgia nekuzivikanwa kweRussia kumatunhu eSouth Ossetia neAbkhazia;

Makore gumi kubvira panotyisa nhume yeNATO yekuparadza nekusonesa mhirizhonga muLibhiya, ichiwedzera kutyisa muSahel nemhirizhonga yemadzinza neyemadzinza munyika iri kupunzika, nekugadzira mamwe mafungu evapoteri;

7 kubvira kushinga, kweropa kwakatsigirwa neUS-putch muUkraine iyo yakaisa bato reNATO musimba, zvichikonzera kupanduka kuri kuenderera mberi pakati pemadzinza eRussia kumabvazuva uye vachimanikidza Moscow kudzokorodza Crimea Peninsula, ichikoka zvirango zvisati zvamboitika zveUS neUS kumanikidza kune vanobatana kutevedzera;

5 kubvira pakaipa narcissist moron akakunda hutungamiriri hweUS uye nekukurumidza akaparadzanisa vabatsiri nezvirevo zvake, kutuka, kusaziva kuri pachena, nzira yekurwira, kumutsa mibvunzo mundangariro dzemabhiriyoni nezve kugadzikana kwepfungwa nekutongwa kwevavhoti venyika ino;

1 gore kubva pabasa rekudziya moto uyo akapika kwenguva refu kuwedzera uye kusimbisa NATO, uyo akazove mutungamiri weObama manejimendi kuUkraine mushure memubatanidzwa wa2014, chinangwa chake chiri chekuchenesa huori kugadzirira Ukraine kuve nhengo yeNATO (uye ndiani baba ve Hunter Biden uyo ane mukurumbira akagara mubhodhi rekambani inotungamira gasi yeUkraine 2014-2017 achigadzira mamirioni pasina chikonzero chiri pachena kana basa rakaitwa) akava mutungamiri wenyika.

1 gore kubva nyika payakawonekwa kakawanda paTV vhidhiyo yemaminetsi mapfumbamwe evhidhiyo yakavhurika, yeruzhinji inocherekedza mumigwagwa yeMinneapolis, zvirokwazvo vazhinji pakati pemafungiro vachishamisika kuti irudzii rusaruraganda rune kodzero yekudzidzisa China kana chero munhu kodzero dzevanhu.

Mwedzi mipfumbamwe kubvira capitol yeUS yakadenhwa nehembe dzeUS dzakasvibirira dzichimenyera mireza yeConfederate uye zviratidzo zvefascist uye kushevedza kuturika kwemutevedzeri wemutungamiri waTrump pakupandukira.

Iyo yakareba rekodhi inotyisa yeEurope nevatungamiriri vanoita kunge vasina kugadzikana (Bush haina pasi paTrump); kushungurudza Europe nezvikumbiro kunoderedza kutengeserana neRussia neChina uye kuteerera mitemo yeUS kuIran, uye kuda kubatanidzwa muhondo dzayo dzeva impiriyairi kure neNorth Atlantic kuenda kuCentral Asia neNorth Africa.

Icho zvakare chinyorwa chekutsamwisa Russia nepo ichiwedzera iyo anti-Russian juggernaut. Zvave zvichireva kushandisa NATO nemauto (sekuSerbia, Afghanistan, neLibhiya) kusimbisa mubatanidzwa wemauto pasi pekutungamira kweUS, kumisikidzwa kwemauto e4000 eUS kuPoland, uye kutyisidzira ndege muBaltic. Zvichakadaro, masangano mazhinji eUS anoshanda nguva yekuwedzera kuronga "shanduko dzemavara" mumatare ari pamuganhu neRussia: Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine.

NATO ine njodzi uye yakaipa. Inofanira kumiswa. Pfungwa dzekuvhota muEurope dzinoratidza kukwira kweNATO kusahadzika (yakanaka pachayo) uye kupikisa (zvirinani). Yakanga yatopatsanurwa zvakanyanya kamwechete: muna 2002-2003 pamusoro peHondo yeIraq. Chokwadi mhosva iri pachena yeHondo yeIraq, kuda kuri pachena kwemaAmerican kushandisa disinformation, uye hunhu hwebatooonic yemutungamiriri weUS zvingangodaro zvakatyamadza Europe zvakanyanya seTrump yechikara.

Chinhu chinonakidza ndechekuti Biden naBlinken, Sullivan naAustin, vese vanoita kunge vachifunga kuti hapana izvi zvakaitika. Ivo vanoratidzika kunge vanofunga kuti nyika inoremekedza United States semutungamiriri (wechisikirwo?) Wechinhu chinonzi Nyika Yakasununguka - yenyika dzakazvipira ku "democracy." Blinken anotiudza uye maEuropean atiri kutarisana nawo, "autocracy" muchimiro cheChina, Russia, Iran, North Korea, Venezuela zvese zvinotityisidzira isu nehunhu hwedu. Vanoratidzika kunge vanofunga kuti vanokwanisa kudzokera kuma1950, tsanangura mafambiro avo sekuratidzira kwe "American Exceptionalism," chimiro sevatsigiri ve "kodzero dzevanhu," kupfeka kupindira kwavo se "mamishinari ekubatsira," uye ruoko-kumonyanisa avo vatengi-nyika muchiito chekubatana . Parizvino NATO iri kusundidzirwa naBiden kuti ione (sezvayakaita mumusangano wayo wekupedzisira) PRC se "kutyisidzira kwekuchengetedza" kuEurope.

Asi kutaurwa kuChina kwaipesana. Uye NATO yakakamurwa pamusoro penyaya yeChina. Dzimwe nyika hadzioni yakawanda yekutyisidzira uye ine zvikonzero zvekuwedzera hukama neChina, kunyanya nekuuya kwemabasa eBelt neMugwagwa. Ivo vanoziva kuti China GDP ichakurumidza kupfuura iyo yeUS uye kuti iyo US haisi iyo simba rezvehupfumi zvayakanga iri mushure mehondo payakasimbisa huipi hwayo pamusoro pevakawanda veEurope. Yakarasikirwa nesimba rayo rakadzama asi, sehumambo hweSpain muzana regumi nemasere, hapana kana kuzvikudza uye hutsinye.

Kunyangwe mushure mekuratidzwa kwese. Kunyangwe mushure mekunyara kwese. Biden achipenya kunyemwerera kwake kwakadzidziswa anozivisa "America yadzoka!" kutarisira pasi - kunyanya "vabatsiri vedu" - kunakidzwa nekutangazve kwehunhu. Asi Biden anofanirwa kuyeuka kunyarara kwematombo kwakasangana nekuzivisa kwaPence kuMunich Security Conference muna Kukadzi 2019 paakapa kwaziso dzaTrump. Vatungamiriri veUS ava havazive here kuti muzana rino muzana GDP yeEuropei yauya kuzowirirana neyeUS? Uye vanhu vashoma ivavo vanotenda kuti maUS "akaponesa" Europe kubva kumaNazi, ndokuzomira kubva kumaSoviet Communist, uye akamutsidzira Europe neMarshall Plan, uye anoenderera nanhasi kudzivirira Europe kubva kuRussia iyo inotyisidzira kufamba kumadokero kune chero nguva?

Blinken anoda kusimudza nekuenderera mberi nekutungamira nyika kumberi. Dzokera kune zvakajairwa! Inzwi, rakavimbika USleaderhip yadzoka!

Ah chaizvo? vaFrance vangabvunza. Kubaya mubatsiri weNATO kumashure, kuchinjisa chibvumirano chakasainwa chemabhiriyoni mazana matanhatu emadhora neAustralia iri kure? "Kuita," sekutaura kwegurukota rezvekunze kuFrance, "chimwe chinhu VaTrump chavaizoita"? Kwete chete France asi EU yakashora chibvumirano cheUS-Australia. Dzimwe nhengo dzeNATO dzinobvunza kuti Alliance yeAlantic inobatsirwa sei negakava rebhizinesi pakati penhengo dzine chekuita nezvinonzi nePentagon nzvimbo ye "Indo-Pacific". Uye nei-apo iyo US iri kuyedza kuchengetedza kutora chikamu kweNATO muchirongwa chekubata nekutsamwisa Beijing - hazvisi kunetsa kubatana neFrance?

Blinken haazive here kuti France inyika yeumambo ine hunyanzvi muPacific? Iye anoziva nezve zvivakwa zveFrance zvengarava kuPapeete, Tahiti, kana mauto, navy nemauto emhepo muNew Caledonia? MaFrance akaitisa kuputika kwavo kwenyukireya kuMururora, nekuda kwamwari. Senyika isingadzvinyiriri, ko France haina kodzero imwechete seUS yekupangana China neAustralia, mukona yeFrance yePacific? Uye kana shamwari yayo yepedyo iyo US yasarudza kushora chibvumirano, hunhu haufanire kunge hwakareva kuti ingangozivisa "mubatsiri wayo wekare" nezve vavariro dzayo?

Kutongwa kweFrance kwema submarines dhiri kwave kusati kwamboitika kwakapinza, muchidimbu, ndinofungidzira, nekuda kwekuzvidzwa kweFrance sesimba guru. Kana iyo US iri kukurudzira vabatsiri vayo kuti vabatane nayo mukutarisana neChina, sei isinga bvunze neFrance nezve chibvumirano chemaoko chakagadzirirwa kuita izvozvo, kunyanya kana ichitsiva imwe yatotauriranwa pachena nemubatsiri weNATO? Hazvisi pachena here kuti kukwikwidza kwaBiden kwe "kubatana kubatana" kunoreva kubatana, kuseri kwehutungamiriri hweUS panogadzirira kurwa neChina?

Zvishoma nezvishoma NATO irikutsvaga. Zvekare, ichi chinhu chakanakisa. Ini ndanga ndichinetseka kuti Biden anokurumidza kushanda kubatanidza Ukraine mune mubatanidzwa, asi Merkel anoita kunge akamuudza kwete. VaEurope havadi kukweverwa mune imwe hondo yeUS, kunyanya vachipesana nemuvakidzani wavo mukuru wavanoziva zvirinani kupfuura veAmerica uye vane zvikonzero zvekushamwaridzana. France neGerman, avo (vanoyeuka) vakapokana neUS war-based-on-nhema paIraq mu2003, vari kupedzisira varasikirwa nemoyo murefu nemubatanidzwa uye vachizvibvunza kuti hunhu hunorevei kunze kwekujoinha neUS mukukakavadzana kwayo neRussia neChina.

Gary Leupp ndiye Purofesa weNhoroondo kuTufts University, uye anobata chigaro chechipiri muDhipatimendi rechitendero. Iye ndiye munyori we Varanda, Shophands uye Vashandi muMaguta eTokugawa JapanMale Colors: Iyo Kuvaka kweungochani muTokugawa Japan; uye Kushamwaridzana Kushamwaridzana muJapan: Varume vekuMadokero nevakadzi vechiJapan, 1543-1900. Iye anopa kune Asina tariro: Barack Obama uye Zvematongerwo enyika eIllusion, (AK Dhinda). Anogona kusvikwa pa: gleupp@tufts.edu

 

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