Muna 1974, mukoma wangu mukuru Nhi akaurayiwa nebhomba re napalm: Ane shungu dzekukunda vakadzi vevapanduki veNational Liberation Front (NLF), maARV akawisira napalm kumativi ese, zvichipisa munhu wese, kusanganisira hama yangu. Amai vangu pavakauya kuzotora zvakasara zvaNhi, ivo vaigona kungozivikanwa nemazino ake.
Hondo yapera, ndakaramba ndiri kuUS kuchikoro chikoro. Vana vangu vana uye hama dzangu dzakauya kuUS nechikepe pakati pe1975 ne1981.
Semudzidzi wepamusoro mudunhu reGia Định, ndakagamuchira US Agency yeInternational Development kudzidza kunodzidza kuSan Jose State University muna 1968. Pandakasvika kuCalifornia, ndakatanga kutsigira asi munguva pfupi ndakapokana nehondo mushure mekufunda nhoroondo yeVietnamese uye kuverenga "Beyond Vietnam ”mushure mekuurayiwa kwaMartin Luther King, Jr. Zvino, muna 1972, ini nevamwe makumi matatu takaumba Union yeVietnamese muUS (UVUS) mushure mekunge shamwari yangu yepedyo uye mudzidzi wandairwira hondo, Nguyễn Thái Bình, apfurwa nemunhu asina kupfeka yunifomu mumiriri wezvekuchengetedza weUS patara reTân Sơn Nhat nhandare yendege ichidzoserwa kuVietnam. Rufu rwaBình rwakakonzera mheremhere yakakura muSàigòn. Nhengo dze UVUS dzese dzakataura dzichipesana nehondo, padivi neVietnam Veterans Kurwisa Hondo kubva muna30 kusvika 1972.
Ndichiri kushanda uye kusimudza matambudziko eAgent Orange pakati peVietnamese vanhu - muVietnam uye kuUS - uye veteran veVietnam. Kunyanya kukosha maitiro iyo Agent Orange, iyo ine dioxin (imwe yemakemikari ane muchetura anozivikanwa nesainzi) ane pavana nevazukuru veavo vanofumurwa neUS yekupfira mukati mehondo. Mazana ezviuru evana vawo zvino anotambura nekuremara kwekuzvara zvikanganiso uye makenza. Hurumende yeUS, painenge yatanga kubatsira kuchenesa iyo Agent Orange inosara muvhu muVietnam, haisati yapa rubatsiro kune vechidiki vanhu vakashungurudzwa neAgent Orange, kungave kuVietnam kana kuUS Uye veVietnamese veAmerica. MaARVN uye vanhu) avo vakakanganiswa neAgent Orange havana kugamuchira kana rubatsiro. Hurumende yeUnited States uye vanogadzira makemikari, kunyanya Dow uye Monsanto, havasati vachifanira kuita chinhu chakaringana uye kusangana nebasa ravo kune avo vavanotadzira!
Iyo PBS nhevedzano "Hondo yeVietnam" yaive yekuvandudza kukuru pamusoro pezvakanyorwa zvekare nezvehondo, ichiridza manzwi evose vari vaviri veUS neVietnamese uye ichiratidza rusaruro rwehondo. Nekudaro, kudaidza iyo hondo kuti "Hondo yeVietnam," zvinoreva kuti Vietnam ine mutoro, kana iri French uyezve iyo US yakatanga uye ichiwedzera Ichokwadi, "Hondo yeUS muVietnam."
Kunyangwe iine simba, iyo firimu ine akati wandei kushaya simba, yndichazokurukura matatu:
Kutanga, iro basa reVietnamese anti-hondo kufamba muUS kubva kuma 70s ekutanga zvisipo zvachose mufirimu. Iko kufukidzwa kwesangano rinopesana nehondo muchikamu chekumaodzanyemba cheVietnam ishoma.
Chechipiri, nepo zvinyorwa zvichidudza Agent Orange mukupfuura kakawanda, zvinozvidza zvinoshatisa hutano zvinokanganisa vanhu vese veVietnamese neUS nevana vavo nevazukuru kubva ku1975 kusvika parizvino. Iyi inyaya iyo mamirioni emhuri ane hanya nezvayo uye chikamu chakakosha cheyananiso yekuyananisa iyo firimu inowedzera.
Congresswoman Barbara Lee akatsigira HR 334, Iyo Vanotambudzwa veAgent Orange Relief Act ye2017, kutanga basa rehurumende yeUS kugadzirisa dambudziko iri.
Yetatu, manzwi evechidiki vekuVietnamese vekuAmerican, pamwe nevamwe vavo vekuCambodian neveLaotian, avo mhuri dzichirikunetseka nekuda kwekusagadzikana uye kushungurudzika, havanzwi.
Hondo hadziperi apo mabhomba anomira kudonha uye kurwa kunopera. Iko kuparadza kunoenderera nguva refu apfuura, munyika nepfungwa nemiviri yemagariro evanhu vakakanganiswa. Izvi ndezvechokwadi muVietnam, kuUS pakati peVietnam veterans, veVietnamese,, veCambodian- uye veLao-America, uye kunyanya pakati pevadiki vevakarwa muhondo vachiri kutambudzika nehuremu hwakanangana neAgent Orange.
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Dr. Ngô Thanh Nhàn ishamwari uye mubatsiri anowirirana director weCentre yeVietnamese Philosophy, Tsika & Sosaiti yeTemberi University. Iye nhengo yedare reInstitute for Vietnamese Tsika & Dzidzo, uye Mekong NYC (kuronga nharaunda dzemunochinese muNYC). Akanga ari nhengo yekutanga yePeeling the Banana munguva yakapfuura uye Mekong Arts & Music, New York Asia American inoita hunyanzvi.
Dr. Nhàn aive muvambi weMubatanidzwa weVietnamese muUS, achipokana nehondo yeUS muVietnam (1972-1977), akatanga uye mutungamiri we Association of Patriotic Vietnamese kuUS, achitsigira rugare rusingaperi muVietnam (1977-1981 ), uye muvambi weMubatanidzwa weVietnamese muUS, yeUS-Vietnam normalization yehukama (1981-1995). Iye parizvino mubatsiri uye muvambi we Vietnam Agent Orange Rununuro & Mutoro Mushandirapamwe.
Iyi nyaya ndeye chikamu cheYEDZVI zvinoteedzana kuongorora kuti United States, makumi mana emakore gare gare, ichiri kugadzirisa Hondo yeVietnam. Kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezvenyaya iyi, tarisa Ken Burns naLynn Novicks 'gumi-chikamu chinyorwa "Hondo yeVietnam." NEI nhengo dzichinge dzawedzera pane-chinodiwa kuwana kune akateedzana kuburikidza Nei uchifambisa kuburikidza nemagumo e2017.
