NaBrian Terrell, World BEYOND War, February 10, 2021
Musi waFebruary 4, mune yake yekutanga hombe kero yekune dzimwe nyika kero, Mutungamiri Joe Biden vakazivisa "tiri kupedzisa rutsigiro rweAmerica pamabasa anorwisa muhondo muYemen, kusanganisira kutengeswa kwemaoko kwakakodzera." Achitaura nezve mubatanidzwa unotungamirwa neSaudi uyo wave muhondo muYemen kubvira 2015, uchigadzira iyo yaakadana kuti "njodzi yekubatsira vanhu uye zvine hungwaru," Biden akazivisa "Hondo iyi inofanira kupera."
Kutaura chinangwa hakuzadzikise uye kufunga nezvechivimbiso chaBiden, "kuenderera mberi nekutsigira nekubatsira Saudi Arabia kudzivirira hutongi hwayo nenharaunda dzayo nevanhu vayo," kushandisa kwake izwi rekuti "zvakakosha" kugadzirisa "kutengesa maoko" kunogona kuratidza mukana wakareruka. Zvakadaro, zvinozorodza kunzwa mutungamiriri wenyika yeUS angangoziva kuti vanhu veYemeni vari kutambura "kuparadzwa kusingagadzirisike" uye izvi zvinokonzerwa nebasa rakaoma revatambi verunyararo pasi rose.
Kunyangwe kuziviswa kwaBiden kuchizoreva zvakawanda munyika chaiye kupfuura kwekubata kwechinguva zvibvumirano zveTrump zvakaitwa nguva pfupi asati asiya hofisi hazvisati zvichionekwa. Humambo hweSaudi inogamuchira Chiziviso chaBiden uye vatengesi vemaoko veUS avo vakaita purofiti kubva kuhondo vanoita kunge vasina kuzadzikiswa nenhau. "Tarisa," Raytheon Technologies CEO Greg Hayes akamuvimbisa vatengesi vanotarisira danho iri, "rugare harusi kuzopararira kuMiddle East chero nguva munguva pfupi iri kutevera. "Ndinofunga inoramba iri nzvimbo yaticharamba tichiona kukura kwakasimba." Iyo tarisiro yerunyararo muYemen ingangodaro inotsamira zvakanyanya pakuchengetedzwa kwepasi rose kumanikidzwa pane kune ane mutsa uye munyoro manejimendi muWhite House.
Iyo Congressional Research Service mumushumo wakagadziridzwa muna Zvita 8, 2020, "Yemen: Hondo Yenyika uye Kupindira Kwenharaunda," zvinongedzera chinhu chakakosha pakurongwa kwemitemo yeUS zvine chekuita neYemen izvo mutungamiri wenyika asina kutaura. Anokwana mamirioni mashanu emabhiramu emafuta anopfuura nemuBab el-Mandeb Strait kubva kumahombekombe ekumaodzanyemba kweYemen zuva nezuva, vachizopedzisira vaenda kuAsia, Europe, neUnited States.
Muchiitiko chekuti mutungamiri akapa zvisirizvo kuti veUS vaibuda mubhizinesi rekuuraya Yemenis zvachose, zuva raitevera Dhipatimendi reHurumende. rakapa chirevo chinojekesa, "Zvakakosha, izvi hazvishande kumabasa anogumbura kurwisa ISIS kana AQAP." Mune mamwe mazwi, chero chii chinoitika maererano nekutengesa zvombo kune veSaudis, iyo hondo yakamisikidzwa kwemakore makumi maviri nerimwe pasi pechirevo cheAuthorization for Use of Military Force yakapihwa nekongiresi inobvumidza kushandiswa kwemauto eU.S. kurwiswa kwaGunyana 21, kuchaenderera nekusingaperi, kunyangwe hazvo ISIS kana Al Qaeda muArabian Peninsula yaivepo muna 11.
"Anogumbura mashandiro" muYemen ayo acharamba achienderera pasi peBiden anosanganisira kurohwa kwedrone (UAV), kurwisa kwemasokisi uye US Special Forces kurwisa uye vari chikamu cheakakura "hondo yekutyisa" iyo yakatanga mukutonga kwaGeorge W. Bush uye yakawedzerwa pasi paObama. Zvisinei nemushandirapamwe wake anovimbisa kupedza "hondo dzisingaperi," a ripoti kubva kuAirwars inoratidza kuti VaTrump vakaputira Yemen nguva zhinji kupfuura avo vaviri vakavatangira vakabatanidzwa.
Muna Ndira, 2017, mazuva mashoma mushure mekutora chigaro, Trump akarayira Navy Seal commandos inotsigirwa ne Reaper drone yemhepo chifukidziro kurwisa mukomboni inofungidzirwa yekuchengetedza vakuru ve al Qaeda muArabia Peninsula. Nepo zvinangwa zvekupamba zvikapukunyuka, imwe Navy Seal yakafira mukurwiswa, uye pakupedzisira zvakabuda kuti makumi matatu maYemenis vakaurayiwawo, kusanganisira vakadzi gumi nevana. Navy Seal yanga isiri yega mugari wemuUS akaurayiwa pakurwiswa uku: mumwe aive musikana ane makore masere ekuberekwa, Nawar Awlaki. MunaGunyana, 30, baba vaNawar, Imam-America imam Anwar Awlaki, vakaurayiwa mudrone muYemen iyo yakarairwa neMutungamiri Obama, pahungwaru hwepachivande kuti aive anoshanda eAl Qaeda. Mazuva mashoma mushure mekuurayiwa kwababa vake, Nawar wemakore gumi nematanhatu Denver akazvarwa mukoma Abdulrahman akaurayiwa mune imwe dhironi.
Dzimwe mhuri zhinji dzeYemeni dzakatambura mukurwiswa uku. Musi waNdira 26, 2021, hama dzinenge makumi matatu neshanu Yemenis vanonzi vakaurayiwa mumauto eAmericas yakabvunza iyo Inter-American Commission pamusoro pekodzero dzevanhu, kuti vaone kana kufa kwacho kwaive kusiri pamutemo. Chikumbiro chinosimbisa kuti nhanhatu dzemadhironi uye imwe Special Operations yakapamba panguva yehutongi hwaObama naTrump zvakakonzera njodzi kumhuri mbiri.
Huwandu hwakakomberedza Hondo yeUS muYemen hwakaoma kuuya, muchidimbu nekuti kwakawanda kwekurwiswa kunoitwa muchivande neCIA uye kwete nemauto, asi maAirwars uye zvimwe zvidzidzo vanoverenga huwandu hwekurova kwedrone uye avo vavakuvadzwa zvine hungwaru. mumazana. Iyo vakaurayiwa nehondo yakatungamirwa neSaudi, mukupesana, vanopfuura zviuru zana vakafa pamwe nevakawanda sevakaurawa nenzara uye chirwere zvakakonzerwa nekuvharirwa kweSaudi uye mamirioni emaYemenis ari kunyimwa chikafu nezvimwe zvinodiwa.
Kunyange huwandu hwayo hwekufa huri hudiki kwazvo, kurwisa kweUS drone kune mhedzisiro isingaenzanisike munharaunda ye Yemeni. Kuongorora kwegore ra2014 kudzidza yePost-Traumatic Stress Disorder zviratidzo pakati pevanhuwo zvavo neAlkarama Foundation yakawana kuti "kune huwandu hwakawanda hwevanhu muYemen, kugara pasi pedenga iro rave kungogara kuchikonzera kushungurudzika chinhu chezuva nezuva" uye kuti pakurwiswa kwedrone uye kuongororwa, Yemen "inguva ine njodzi nenzvimbo yakasarudzika, uko matenga ari kutyisa uye chizvarwa chiri kurasikirwa nekutya nekusingaperi."
Kana Mauto Akakosha uye kurova kwemhepo zvakagadzirirwa kukunda hugandanga muYemen senge mune dzimwe nyika dziri kurwiswa, ivo vane zvinopesana. Sevadiki, vanonoka, Yemeni munyori Ibrahim Mothana akaudza Congress muna 2013, “Kuramwa mabasa kweDrone kuri kukonzeresa veYemenis kuvenga America nekujoinha varwi. … Zvinosuruvarisa, mazwi akasununguka muUnited States ari kunyanya kushaya hanya, kana asiri kuregerera, kufa kwevanhu uye kuuraya zvisina tsarukano muYemen. ”
Kuona kwaMothana pamusoro pemazwi akasununguka muUS "kunyanya kushaya hanya, kana kusingaregereri, kufa kwevanhu uye kuuraya zvisina tsarukano muYemen" kwakasimbiswa muSenator Bernie Sanders '2016 mushandirapamwe wemutungamiri wenyika. Nepo Sanders ave kutaura pachena achipokana nehondo inotungamirwa neSaudi, semumiriri wemutungamiriri wenyika aigara achitaura kutsigira kwake Hondo dzaObama dzedrone. "Zvese izvo nezvimwe," Akapindura paakabvunzwa kuti, semutungamiri wenyika, madrones nemaSpecial Forces vanozotora chinhanho muzvirongwa zvake zvekurwisa kutya. Zvekare, mune 2019 resolution "Kutungamira kubviswa kweUnited States Mauto Ehondo kubva kuhondo muRepublic of Yemen" yakapihwa naSanders, yakapfuura mudzimba mbiri dzeCongress uye yakapihwa mavhoti naTrump, kutora chikamu kweUS mune iyi imwe hondo kwakapihwa mukana: "Kongiresi apa inoraira Mutungamiriri kuti abvise Mauto EUnited States kubva mukurwa kana kukanganisa Republic of Yemen, kunze kweUnited. Mauto eUnited States akaita mabasa akanangana neAl Qaeda kana mauto akabatana. ”
Mune kero yedare reBiden yekune dzimwe nyika, akasiya avhura mukana wekutengesa zvombo sezvo akavimbisa kuzvipira kwake "kuenderera mberi nekutsigira nekubatsira Saudi Arabia kudzivirira hutongi hwayo nenzvimbo dzayo nevanhu vayo." Kutyisidzira kwakatarisana neSaudi Arabia kunosanganisira, akadaro, kurwisa kwemastile uye kurova kweUAV (drone) kubva kuzvombo zvaanoti zvinopihwa neIran. Naizvozvo, vapanduki veYemeni Houthi Ansar Allah vatangisa kurwisa kwedrone kuSaudi Arabia, kunyanya muna Gunyana 14, 2019 kurwisa Saudi Aramco zvigadziridzo zvakavhiringidza kuwanikwa kwemafuta asina kuwanikwa pasi. Chinhu chisinganzwisisike, kuti mushure mekunge US yarova Yemen nezviuru zveMoto weGehena makomba akatangwa kubva kuPredator drones kweanopfuura makore makumi maviri, iyo US ikozvino inofanira kusunga Saudi Arabia kuti izvidzivirire (uye yedu yemafuta) kubva kuYemeni drones uye zvombo.
Kuwanda kwepasirese kwezvombo zveedrones hazvishamise uye kukumbira kwaBiden kwerunyararo muYemen iyo inobvumidza kuti varambe vachishandisa ndeye mhango. Kupa pasipoti, kuenderera mberi nekuregeredza, kana kusingabvumirwe, kufa kwevagari nekuurayiwa zvisina tsarukano muYemen nekune dzimwe nzvimbo hakuzounze runyararo asi kuchavimbisa kuti kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera, vanobatsira vakaita saRaytheon, Boeing, Lockheed Martin naGeneral Atomics, "vacharamba ona kukura kwakasimba. ” Runyararo muYemen, rugare mupasi rose, zvinoda zvakati pasi pekupera kwekugadzirwa, kutengeserana uye kushandiswa kwema drones ane zvombo.
Brian Terrell muratidziri werunyararo weIowa akapedza mwedzi inodarika mitanhatu mutirongo nekuratidzira kuuraya kwakanangana nemauto eUS mauto drone. Udza mashoko: brian1956terrell@gmail.com
