NaGareth Porter
Mashoko aripo #NoWar2016
Kutaura kwangu kune hukama nedambudziko rezvenhau sechinhu muhurongwa hwehondo asi husina kutarisisa zvakanyanya pane izvozvo. Ini ndazvionera ruoko rwekutanga semutori wenhau uye semunyori masheya enhau emakambani anoteedzera kune yakasarudzika mitsara yakatsanangurwa mukuburitswa kwenyaya dzehondo nerunyararo zvinodzivirira kunze data rese rinopesana nemitsara iyoyo. Ndingafare kutaura nezvezviitiko zvangu kunyanya mukuvhara kumhanya uye Syria muQ na A.
Asi ini ndiri pano kutaura pamusoro penhamo huru yehondo yehurumende uye chii chinofanira kuitwa pamusoro payo.
Ndinoda kuratidza chiratidzo chechinhu chisati chakambokurukurwa zvakanyanya mumakore mazhinji, makore mazhinji: urongwa hwehurumende hwekuunganidza chikamu chikuru chevanhu venyika ino kuti vabatanidzwe musangano kunomanikidzira kudzoka kwehondo yekusingaperi.
Ndinoziva kuti vazhinji venyu munofanira kunge muchifunga: iyo inofunga pfungwa ye1970 kana kunyange 1975 asi iyo haisati yanyatsoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu atinosangana nawo munharaunda ino nhasi.
Ichokwadi kuti iyi iyo pfungwa inoratidzika, pakufunga kwekutanga kufambidzana kumashure ehondo yeVietnam, apo hondo yehondo-yakasimba yakanga yakasimba zvikuru zvokuti kunyange Congress neyezvinobudisa nhau zvakakonzerwa nesimba naro.
Isu tese tinoziva zvakamboitika pamakumi mashoma emakore apfuura kuita hondo yekusingaperi "iyo itsva yakajairwa", saAndrew Bacevich sekuzviisa kwazvo. Asi rega ndimborere mashanu acho ari pachena:
- bhuku racho rakatsiviwa neuto rehutori, richibvisa chinhu chinonyanya kukonzera kupesana kwekunzwa munguva yeVietnam.
- mapato ezvematongerwo enyika neCongress zvakatorwa zvakakwana uye zvakasvibiswa nemauto ehurumende-industrial.
- hondo yakashandiswa 9 / 11 kuunganidza masimba matsva makuru uye zvakakodzera zvakanyanya zvebhadharo yezvematongerwo enyika kupfuura kare.
- Nhau dzezvemashoko dzakawanda zvehondo kupfuura kare.
- Simba rinopesana nehondo rakabatanidzwa munyika ino uye kumativi ose enyika mukupindura kupindira kweUnited States kweIraq kwakasununguka kwemakore mashomanana nekushaya kwevashandi kuti vave nechinetso kune Bush kana Obama.
Imi mese munogona kuwedzera zvimwe zvimwe zvinhu pane izvi zvinyorwa, asi zvese izvi zvinowirirana uye zvinopindirana, uye chimwe nechimwe chazvo chinobatsira kutsanangura kuti nei nzvimbo yekurwisa-kurwira chiito yakaratidzika kunge isina kujeka kwemakore gumi apfuura. Zviri pachena kuti nyika yehondo yekusingaperi yawana izvo zvinonzi naGramsci "ideological hegemony" kusvika padanho rekuti kutaura kwekutanga kwezvematongerwo enyika akaomarara muzvizvarwa - mushandirapamwe weSanders - hauna kuzviita nyaya.
Kunyange zvakadaro ini ndiri pano kuti ndikuratidze kuti, pasinei nokuti hondo yehurumende nevose vayo vevamwe vari voga voita kunge iri kutasva zvakakwirira zvakamboitika, mamiriro ezvinhu epanguva ino angave akanaka kune chinetso chakatarisana nehondo hondo yekutanga mumakore akawanda.
Kutanga: mushandirapamwe weSanders wakaratidza kuti chikamu chakakura kwazvo chezviuru zvemireniyoni hachivimbe avo vane simba munharaunda, nekuti vakabiridzira hurongwa hwehupfumi nehukama kuti vabatsire vashoma vachiri kumisikidza ruzhinji - uye kunyanya vadiki. Zviripachena kuti zvechigarire zvehondo mamiriro ehurongwa anogona kuongororwa zvinogutsa seyakakodzera iwo modhi, uye izvo zvinovhura mukana mutsva wekutora zvachose hondo yenyika.
Chechipiri: Kupindira kwemauto eUS muIraq neAfghanistan kwave kukundikana kwakaipisisa zvekuti runyorwa rwanhasi rwunoratidzwa nepasi-poindi pakutsigira kupindira kunorangaridza Hondo yeVietnam yapera uye nguva yapashure pehondo (kunopera kwema1960 kusvika kutanga ma1980). Vazhinji vekuAmerican vakapandukira Iraq neAfghanistan nekukurumidza sezvavaive vakaita pakurwisa Hondo yeVietnam. Uye vanopikisa kupindira kwemauto muSyria, kunyangwe pakatarisana nekupararira kwenhau kwakakurudzira kutsigira kwehondo yakadaro kwaive kunotyisa. Kuongorora kweGallup munaGunyana 2013 kwakaratidza kuti iro danho rekutsigirwa kwekushandiswa kwesimba muSyria - makumi matatu neshanu muzana - yaive yakaderera pane iyoyo yeimwe yehondo shanu dzakarongwa kubvira kupera kweCold War.
Chechitatu, kukanganisa zvakajeka kwemaviri maviri musarudzo iyi kwakaita kuti makumi emamiriyoni munyika ino - kunyanya vechidiki, vanhu vemavara uye vanozvimirira-vasununguka kune rimwe sangano rinobatanidza mavara anoda kubatanidzwa.
Nezvo zvakanaka zvinogadziriswa mupfungwa, ndinoratidza kuti inguva yekuvandudzwa kwehurumende yehurumende yekuuya pamwe chete nechekuita sarudzo yekugadzirisa chinangwa chokugumisa hondo yekusingaperi nekubvisa nzira dzayo dzokupindira mumhirizhonga dzenyika.
Izvozvo zvinorevei? Izvi zvinotevera zvikamu zvina zvinokosha zvatinoda kuisa ins insano iyi:
(1) Chiratidzo chakajeka, chinonyatsoonekwa chekuti chii chichabvisa hondo yekusingaperi inogona kureva mukuita kupa chinangwa chakanaka chevanhu kuti vatsigire
(2) Nzira itsva uye inomanikidza yekudzidzisa nekukurudzira vanhu kuita chimwe chinhu kupikisa hondo yekusingaperi.
(3) Sangano rekusvika zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvevanhu munyaya, uye
(4) Urongwa hwekuunza hupfumi hwematongerwo enyika kuti huve nechinangwa chokugumisa hondo yekusingaperi mumakore gumi.
Iye zvino ndinoda kuisa pfungwa pamusoro pekuumba mishandirapamwe mharidzo pamusoro pekukosha kwekuguma kwehondo yekusingaperi.
Ini ndinopa zano kuti nzira yekuunganidza vanhu vazhinji panhau yekugumisa zvachose hondo ndeyekutora cue kubva kumushandirapamwe weSanders, uyo wakakwezva kune kwakapararira pfungwa yekuti zvematongerwo enyika nehupfumi hurongwa hwakabirirwa mukufarira vakapfuma . Isu tinofanirwa kuita kukwidza kwakafanana maererano neyakaenderera hondo nyika.
Kukwirira kwakadai kwaizoenzanisira iyo sisitimu yese inogadzira nekushandisa matongerwo eUS sechibharo. Kuzviisa neimwe nzira, iyo yehondo isingagumi nyika - masangano ehurumende nevanhu vanosundira marongero nezvirongwa zvekuita hondo isingaperi - vanofanirwa kupihwa masimba nenzira imwechete iyo vakuru vezvemari vari kutonga hupfumi vakagovaniswa chikamu chikuru che huwandu hweUS. Mushandirapamwe uyu unofanirwa kushandisa mukana wezvematongerwo enyika wakaenzana pakati peWall Street nechengetedzo yenyika maererano nekubvisa matirioni emadhora kubva kuvanhu veAmerica. KuWall Street zvakawanikwa zvisirizvo zvakatora chimiro chemhindu yakawandisa kubva kuhupfumi hwakabirirwa; kune nyika yekuchengetedzeka kwenyika pamwe nevabatsiri vayo vekontrakta, vakatora nzira yekutora kutonga pamari yakapihwa kubva kune vanobhadhara mutero weUS kusimudzira masimba avo ehukama.
Uye mune zvose zvezvemari-yehupfumi yenyika uye yehurumende, varwi vakashandisa zvakanakira kugadziriswa kwekugadzirisa matanho.
Saka isu tinofanirwa kugadzirisa chirevo chisingakanganwike chaGeneral Smedley Butler kubva kuma1930s, "Hondo iri Racket" kuratidza chokwadi chekuti mabhenefiti izvo zvino anowanikwa kunzvimbo yekuchengetedza yenyika anoita iwo evanobatsira muhondo muma1930 anoita kunge kutamba kwevana. Ini ndinopa zano rekuti rakadai sekuti "hondo isingagumi iriketi" kana "iyo nyika yehondo radhieti".
Maitiro aya ekudzidzisa nekukurudzira vanhu kuti vapikise nyika yehondo haisi kungoita senzira inoshanda kwazvo yekuputsa humbowo hwenyika yekuchengetedza nyika; inoratidzirawo chokwadi nezve ingangoitika yega nhoroondo yeUS kupindira. Ndakaona chokwadi chazvo chakasimbiswa kasingaperi kubva kune yangu nhoroondo yekutsvagisa uye nekuzivisa pamusoro penyika chengetedzo nyaya.
Iwo mutemo usingachinjiki wekuti aya masimba - ese emauto neasina vanhu - anogara achitsigira marongero nezvirongwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nevakuru vakuru nevatungamiriri varo - kunyangwe vachigara vachikuvadza zvido zvevanhu veAmerica.
Inotsanangura hondo muVietnam neIraq, kuwedzera kwekubatanidzwa kweUnited States muAghanistan, uye sangano reUnited States rehondo muSiria.
Inotsanangura kuwedzera kukuru kweCIA ku drone hondo uye kuwedzerwa kweMakambani Anoshandiswa muZimbabwe munyika dze120.
Uye rinotsanangura kuti nei vanhu veAmerica vakanga vakashongedzerwa kwemazana makumi emakore akawanda nemakumi ezviuru zvezvombo zvenyukireya zvaigona kungoparadza izvi nyika ino nehupfumi sezvakazara-uye nei hondo yehurumende ikozvino ichikurira kuchengetedza ivo sechinhu chikuru chemuAmerican policy kwemakumi emakore ari kuuya.
Pfungwa yekupedzisira: Ini ndinofunga zvakakosha zvakanyanya kuve nemhedzisiro yemushandirapamwe wenyika inotsanangurwa zvakajeka uye zvakadzama kuti zvivimbike. Uye iyo yekupedzisira pfungwa inofanira kunge iri muchimiro icho vanoratidzira vanogona kunongedzera sechimwe chinhu chekutsigira - kunyanya muchimiro chechikamu chemutemo wakasarudzika. Kuva nechimwe chinhu chinogona kutsigirwa nevanhu kiyi yekuwana simba. Muono uyu wekupedzisira unogona kunzi "End Permanent War Act ye2018".
