NePat Elder, World BEYOND War, December 12, 2019
Maka Ruffalo saRob Billot muRima Mvura.
Mvura yakasviba ndiyo yakanyanya kukosha firimu reAmerica mumakore gumi, kunyangwe ichivhiringidza mukana wekuratidza zvizere PFAS * kusvibiswa sekudaro nyika hutano hwevanhu hwasvika. Iyo firimu inosiya imwe hafu yenhau uye izvo zvinosanganisira basa remauto.
* per- uye poly fluorinated alkyl zvinhu (PFAS) inosanganisira PFOA, PFOS uye 5,000 mamwe makemikari anokuvadza anoshandiswa mune akasiyana emauto nemaindasitiri.
Vazhinji vanoona vanozoenda vachifunga kuti vakatarisa bhaisikopo iro rinonyora nyaya yechokwadi yeiyo isina nzvimbo yeDuPont inosvibisa ivhu remvura nemutaundi risingafadzi, Parkersburg, West Virginia. Zvisinei, Mvura yakasviba firimu repamusoro. Kana usati wazviona, ndapota ita kudaro.
Mumufirimu, gweta Robert Bilott (Mark Ruffalo) anoshanda mune imwe kambani yemutemo yeCincinnati inoshanda zvikuru mukudzivirira makambani emakemikari. Bilott anosvikwa nemumwe murimi anonzi Wilbur Tennant uyo anofungidzira chirimwa chiri padhuze nekugadzira chirimwa cheDuPont kwave kunwa mvura iyo mombe dzake dzichinwa. Bilott anokurumidza kuona kuti vanhu vari zvakare kuisirwa muchetura uye anozvipira kuti achengetedze hutano hwevanhu nekumhan'arira kemikari goliath. Zvakaitwa naDupont imhosva
Mu2017, Bilott akahwina dhizaini yemadhora 670 miriyoni yenhengo dzenharaunda dze3,500 dzine mvura yakanga yasvibiswa nePCAOA.
Vatsoropodzi vemamuvhi vanga vaine zvakanaka, kunyange zvakadzokororwa kuongororwa. Ivo vanotsanangura chiitiko chedhiraivho, rudzi rwePerry Mason kesi inozobuda zvakanaka. Detroit News inodaidza iyo firimu nyaya yaDavid naGoriati. (David anouraya Goriati mune iyo epic nyaya. Pano Goriati anotsigira pini kubaya.) The Atlantic akadana Mvura yakasvibasa pensive, pamutemo bhaisikopo. The Toronto Star inoti Zvakwana kukuita iwe kuti ude kunongedza zvese zvako zvisina-tsvimbo uye zvigadzirwa zvisina mvura mushure mekuona iyi bhaisikopo. Chigaro cheAisle chakachiisa zvakafanana, achinyora kuti bhaisikopo rinogona kukurudzira vanhu kukanda mapani asiri emiti uye "sveta nekutya pagirazi rinotevera remvura." Izvi hazvisi izvo zvinhu zvekutsamwisa kutsamwa kwemamirioni pasirese avo vakaiswa chepfu nemakemikari aya.
Vanhu vakagadzirirwa kufunga kuti avo emunharaunda, ehurumende, uye ehurumende anotonga masangano ari kuchengeta zvinosvibisa senge izvi kubva mumvura yavo, uye kuti zvikamu zvakaita seParkersburg zvakasarudzika - uye pazvinoitika, vagari vanoziviswa uye vanochengetedzwa. Verenga mushumo wemvura kubva kumutengesi wemuno kuti uone kuti hapana chekutya nezvazvo.
Ichokwadi ndechekuti mvura yedu yekunwa yakatakurwa nemakemikari uye mamwe makemikari ane njodzi nepo miganho yepamutemo yezvinosvibisa mumvura yemupombi isina kugadziridzwa mumakore angangoita makumi maviri. Chii chiri mumvura yako? Ona iyo Environmental Working Boka's Tapa Mvura Dhatabhesi kuwana.
Vanhu vanogutsikana, "Hazvigone kuitika pano," saka vagadziri vemafirimu vanofanirwa kunge vakaita basa riri nani kupwanya ichi chirevo. Munguva inonakidza mufirimu, Bilott anonyengetedza, "Vanoda kuti tifunge kuti takachengetedzwa," anotinhira kunze. “Asi tinotidzivirira. Tinoita!" Iyo ineshungu yekuchinjisa meseji, zvinosuruvarisa kuvharirwa kune nyaya yevanhu vane chepfu mune diki West West taundi.
Panguva imwecheteyo bhaisikopo raive rinotangisa nyika yese, Congress yakadzima mutemo izvo zvingadai zvakagadzirisa PFOA nePFOS - iwo marudzi maviri ePFAS kusvibiswa kwakaunza kusuwa kusingaperi kuParkersburg.
Iyo bhaisikopo haimbotauri nezvechiuto uye nebasa rainoita mukupisa vanhu muchetura muParkersburg uye kuzviuru zvevagari vemo zvakatarisana nezvipenga zvemauto pasi rese. DuPont yaive inonyanya kupa mutambi weDOD yemvura mufirimu-inogadzira foam (AFFF) yaishandiswa mumitambo yekurwisa moto pamabhiza ehondo. Dupont yakazivisa ichaparura nokuzvidira kushandiswa kwePFOS nePCA pakupera kwe2019 nepo isisiri kugadzira kana kutengesa fosi inodzima moto kuDOD. Panzvimbo iyoyo, kubuda kwayo Chemours, Uye yemakemikari hofori 3M vari kuzadza Pentagon kuraira iyo makatuni anogona kuwana nzira mumuviri wako.
Mauto anogara achibatidza moto wakakura-wakatemerwa-pamoto nekuda kwechinangwa chekudzidziswa uye unodzora iwo nemaputi e-PFAS. Izvo zvinokonzeresa cancer zvinobvumirwa kusvibisa mvura yepasi, mvura yemuchadenga, uye sewer system sludge iyo inopararira paminda yemapurazi kusvika kune zvirimwa zvehupfu. DOD inogara ichipisa zvinhu zvacho, zvisinei nekushushikana kuti "makemikari nekusingaperi" anogona kuramba akasimba.
3M, DuPont, neChemours vese vakatarisana nekupisa moto mhumhanyisa mapundu zvinoti zvinobva mukuenderera mberi kwemauto nemakemikari aya, kunyange hazvo kusapinda musangano munguva pfupi ichabatsira mukuzvidzivirira kwavo. Chemours uye 3M masheya akapfurwa mushure menhau yekuti Congress yakafunga kusaronga varapi vanokonzera cancer.
Vemauto ndivo vane mhosva yezvizhinji zvinosvibiswa zvakakonzerwa nePFAS nyika yese. Semuenzaniso, iyo California State Waterource Board munguva pfupi yapfuura yakaedza 568 maseru emapurisa munzvimbo dzese. Muedzo uyu waiwanzogara kure nekuiswa kwemauto. 308 yematsime (54.2%) yakawanikwa iine mhando dzakasiyana dzemakemikari ePFAS. 19,228 zvikamu pa trillion (ppt) yeiyo 14 mhando dzePFAS dzinoedzwa dzakawanikwa mune iwo matsime e308. 51% vanga vari PFOS kana PFOA nepo 49% yaive yasara yaive mamwe maFCAS anozivikanwa kuti ane kukanganisa kwakashata pahutano hwevanhu.
DOD yakanga isiri yekutarisa kwekuferefeta uku, kunyangwe imwe base, Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake yakasvibisa tsime pa8,000,000 ppt. for PFOS / PFOA, maererano neDOD. China Lake ine makumi mana nemazana matanhatu emakumi emakore eaccinogens mumvura yayo yepasi pevhu pane mamwe ese emabhizimusi akaedzwa akatenderedza nyika akabatanidzwa. 416 mabhesheni emauto akashatisa kwazvo mvura muCalifornia yose, uye mamwe makumi maviri nematatu akaonekwa neDOD seanoshandisa macarcinogen. Tsvaga pano: https://www.militarypoisons.org/
Matunhu emvura mumatunhu akati wandei ari kutanga kutora matanho ekusefa zvinosvibisa, kunyange hazvo Congress neEPA vasina kuseta Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCL's) kune huturu uye vasingatarisirwe kuita chero nguva munguva pfupi inotevera. Icho chiratidzo chesimba remakemikari yekuchengetedza muCongress uye kugona kweiyo DOD kukwikwidza chikwereti, icho chinogona kudzikira $ 100 Bhirioni.
Zvichakadaro, iyo DOD haizodikanwa kuti ichenese kusvibiswa kwePFAS ye10.9 miriyoni yakaiputira ichiziva kusiiwa muvhu kuEngland Air Force Base kuAlexandria, Louisiana payakafamba kubva munzvimbo iri mu1992. Harvard masayendisiti anoti 1 ppt mumvura yekumwa ine njodzi. Izvo zvinosvibisa uye kutambudzika kwevanhu zviri munzvimbo dzakanaka kwazvo muUS. uye vanhu vari kufa.
Mvura yakasviba yakarasikirwa nemukana wekukwevera kutarisa kune 800-pound mauto gorilla mukamuri uye rakapemha mukana wekunyatsoratidza EPA sechipangamazano chiripo chekudzivirira indasitiri yeAmerica neDhipatimendi reDziviriro kubva kune chinzvimbo nekutsamwa kweveruzhinji.
Iyi firimu yakaratidzika kuve yakagadzirwa kuti ibatsire kutanga imwe anti-PFAS crusade. Mutevedzeri, kambani yezvenhau yakazvipira kukurudzira shanduko munharaunda, yakatanga chirongwa ichi "Irwa Nokusingaperi Makemikari”Mushandirapamwe kuti uwirirane nefirimu.
"Izvozvi, mitemo yedu nemasangano eruzhinji ari kutadza kutidzivirira," akadaro Ruffalo muchitaurwa. “Ini ndaida kugadzira Mvura yakasviba kutaura nyaya yakakosha nezvekuunza ruramisiro kunharaunda ine njodzi yakafumurwa kwemakumi emakore kumakemikari anouraya nerimwe remakambani makuru uye akasimba pasirese. Nekutaura nyaya idzi tinogona kukwidziridza nekusingaperi makemikari uye toshanda pamwechete kukumbira kuchengetedza kwakasimba kwezvakatipoteredza.
Rufflo akabatana naBillot, vatungamiri vevatsigiri, uye neruzhinji panguva yefoni mataundi edhorobha nguva pfupi vaburitswa firimu. Iko kushandiswa kwemauto kwechinhu ichi kwataurwa kwakapfupikiswa nemumwe mutori vechikamu. Zvikasadaro, kuedza kuronga kwakatarisa pane zvisiri zvechiuto kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvacho, kudzamara chimwe chinhu chisati chasvika chatumirwa kuzviuru munyika yose icho chinotaura nezveNational Defense Authorization Act:
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Tinoda Kongiresi kurwira hutano hwedu uye nekuita kuti makambani aya azvidavirire. Yasvika nguva yeDuPont uye 3M yekuchenesa kusvibiswa kwePFAS! Congress inofanirwa kudzika mutemo weNational Defense Authorization Act unoburitsa PFAS mumvura yedu yepombi uye nekuchenesa nhaka yePFA kusvibiswa.
Kutenda nekumira nesu.
Mark Ruffalo
Activist uye Actor
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Vaverengi vanogona kufunga kuti zvine musoro kuti vataridze National Defense Authorization Act nekuti nhaurirano kusvika zvino haina kutarisana nePentagon. Kuedza kwakapenya, asi izuva rakanonoka uye dhora pfupi. Sezvatsanangurwa pamusoro, maDemocrat vakatofamba kubva patafura vachinakira avo maindasitiri eindasitiri vanobatsira.
Mvura yakasviba inopa hafu yenyaya. Rimwe hafu yacho inosanganisira kushandiswa kusinga tsanangurike kwemakemikari aya nemauto.
