"Iri kumashure kwedu," Fernando Gonzales weCuba Chishanu akataura achinyemwerera pandakamuudza nguva pfupi yadarika kuti ndine hurombo nehurumende yeUS nekumuvharira muchizarira kwemakore gumi nemashanu. Zvaive zvakanaka zve New York Times kuti achinje mararamiro ehurukuro kuti asunungure vatatu vakasara, iye akati, kunyanya kubva apo pepa racho rakanga risati rambozivisa nyaya yacho zvachose.
Gonzales akati hapana chikonzero chekuti United States ichengete Cuba pane ayo magandanga. Kuti kune maBasque muCuba kuri kuburikidza nechibvumirano neSpain, akadaro. Pfungwa yekuti Cuba iri kurwa hondo muCentral America manyepo, akawedzera, achiona kuti hurukuro dzerunyararo muColombia dziri kuitika muno muHavana. "Mutungamiri weUnited States anoziva izvi," akadaro Gonzales, "ndokusaka akakumbira kuti runyorwa riongororwe."
Medea Benjamin akayeuka kuuya kuuya kuCuba zvakare munguva iyo United States yakanga ichiedza kuuraya kwete vaCubans chete asiwo vashanyi uyo akashinga kuuya kuCuba. Izvi, akadaro, ndizvo izvo vaCuba Vashanu vaiedza kumisa. Saka tinofara, akaudza Gonzales, kuti tinogona kuuya pano izvozvi tisinganetseke kuti Obama aisa bhomba munzvimbo yekutandarira. Kunetseka kupenga? Yakanga isiri nguva dzose.
Pakuvamba nhasi takashanyira Latin America School of Medicine, iyo ikozvino inodanwa mazita sekuti inodzidzisa vanachiremba vanobva kune dzimwe nyika, kwete kungo Latin America. Yakatanga muC1998 nekushandura chikoro chekare chechikepe kuchikoro chekurapa iyo inopa dzidzo yekusununguka kuvadzidzi vanobva kuCentral America. Kubvira ku2005 kusvika ku2014, chikoro chakaona vadzidzi va24,486 vakapedza kudzidza.
Dzidzo yavo ndeye mahara zvachose uye inotanga neiyo 20-vhiki kosi mumutauro wechiSpanish. Ichi chikoro chepasi rose chekurapa chakakomberedzwa nemiti yemichindwe nemitambo yemitambo pamucheto chaipo peCaribbean, uye vadzidzi vanokodzera pre-med chikoro - zvinoreva makore maviri ekoreji yeUS - vanogona kuuya pano vozova vanachiremba vasina kubhadhara dhiri, uye pasina kuenda mazana ezviuru zvemadhora muchikwereti. Vadzidzi havafanirwe kuita zvekurapa kuCuba kana kuitira chero chinhu kuCuba, asi asi vanotarisirwa kuti vadzokere kunyika kwavo voita mushonga kwazvinonyanya kudikanwa.
Parizvino vadzidzi vemu112 veAmerica vapedza kudzidza, uye makumi mapfumbamwe nevapfumbamwe vakanyoresa izvozvi. Vamwe vavo vakaenda ne "brigade" yerubatsiro kuHaiti. Vese, mushure mekupedza kudzidza, vakapasa bvunzo dzavo dzekuUS kumusha. Ndakataura naOlive Albanese, mudzidzi wezvekurapa anobva kuMadison, Wisconsin. Ndakabvunza zvaaizoita kana apedza kudzidza. "Tine chisungo chetsika," akapindura, "kushanda kunonyanya kudiwa." Vakati vaizoenda kunzvimbo yekumaruwa kana yeNative American nzvimbo isina vanachiremba voshanda ikoko. Vati hurumende yeUS inofanirwa kunge ichipa sevhisi kune chero munhu anochida, uye kuti vanhu vanopedza kudzidza nechikwereti chemudzidzi havazoshandira avo vanonyanya kuda.
Mangwanani ano takashanyira nzvimbo ine hutano hwakanaka kudarika chikoro chezvokurapa: Alamar.
Iyi organic yekurima yemubatanidzwa pama25 maeka kumabvazuva kweHavana haina kusarudza kuenda organic. Kudzoka muma1990, panguva ye "yakasarudzika nguva" (zvichireva nguva yakaipa zvakashata) hapana munhu aive nefetiraiza kana imwe chepfu. Vakatadza kuzvishandisa kana vachida. Cuba yakarasikirwa ne85% yekutengeserana nedzimwe nyika apo Soviet Union yakaputsa. Nekudaro, maCuba akadzidza kurima chikafu chavo, uye vakadzidza kuzviita vasina makemikari, uye vakadzidza kudya izvo zvavanorima. Kudya-kwakanyanya nyama kwakatanga kusanganisa miriwo yakawanda.
Miguel Salcines, muvambi we Alamar, vakatipa rwendo, nekhamera vechechi kubva muTermany terevhizheni uye Associated Press inotevera. Purazi yave ichinyorwa mumagwaro eUnited States anonzi Simba reMunharaunda, uye Salcines yakapa a TED hurukuro. Kune tsika yeCuba yekutsvagisa shuga, USSR yakawedzera makemikari uye michina, akadaro. Iwo makemikari akakanganisa. Uye huwandu hwevanhu hwaitamira kumaguta. Kurima kukuru kwakakoromoka, uye kurima kwakashandurwa: zvidiki, zvakawanda zvemadhorobha, uye zvakasikwa munhu asati aziva zita iro. Vanhu vanovenga nhoroondo yehuranda uye vasingade basa re monocropping, akadaro, vava kuwana nzira iri nani yehupenyu vachishanda kumabhokisi ekurima ehupenyu. Izvi zvinosanganisira vashandi zana nemakumi mashanu vekuAlamar, vazhinji vacho vatakaona nekutaura navo. Vashandi vemumapurazi izvozvi vanosanganisira vakadzi vazhinji uye vanhu vakuru veCuba.
Kune mamwe maCuba akwegura anoshanda pamapurazi ehupenyu nekuti maCuba ari kurarama kwenguva yakareba (tarisiro yeupenyu yemakore makumi manomwe nemapfumbamwe nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemapfumbamwe) uye vari kurarama kwenguva yakareba, sekureva kweSalcines, zvirinani muchidimbu nekuda kwechikafu chekudya. Kubvisa nyama yemombe kwakavandudza hutano hweCuba, akadaro. Biodiversity uye zvipembenene zvinobatsira uye kuchengetedza kwakaringana kwevhu zvinotsiva mafetiraiza nemishonga yekuuraya zvipuka, kubatsira munhu wese. Zviuru zvemaminerari zvinofanirwa kutsiviwa muvhu rakarimwa, akadaro, uye achitsiva mashoma acho kunoguma nezvirwere, chirwere cheshuga, matambudziko emwoyo, nezvimwe zvakawanda, kusanganisira kushaya libido - tisingatauri zvimwe zvipembenene papurazi, izvo zvinogona kudzikiswa nekupa zvirimwa kudya kunovaka muviri. Kunyange nyuchi dzeCuba dzinonzi dziri kurarama uye dzakasimba.
Salcines inoti Cuba inobereka 1,020,000 toni yemiriwo yegawi gore negore, 400 tani dzayo paAlamar mumarudzi akasiyana siyana uye nechiyero chezvirimwa zvishanu pagore. Alamar inoberekawo 40 matare emhondi yemanyoka gore negore, achishandisa 80 toni yezvinhu zvakasikwa kuita saizvozvo.
MaSalcines akanongedzera kuchikafu chine hutano cheCuba sechinhu chakanaka icho chakauya kubva kuUS. Pamusoro peizvozvo zvinonyadzisa akataura kusawirirana kwake naKarl Marx. Kukura kwevagari vemo kwakanyanya uye kugadzirwa kwezvikafu zvine mutsetse, akadaro. Marx akatenda sainzi yaizogadzirisa dambudziko iri, uye aive akarasika, akadaro Salcines. Kana vakadzi vari musimba, akadaro maSalcines, huwandu hwevanhu hahukure. Saka, isa vakadzi musimba, akagumisa. Nzira chete yekudyisa nyika, Salcines yakati, nekukumbira ruregerero kuMonsanto, kuramba kurima kwekuuraya uchifarira zvekurima kwehupenyu.
