Mune 1929 Man of the Year article, nguva magazini yakabvuma kuti vaverengi vakawanda vaizobvuma Munyori weHurumende Frank Kellogg chisarudzo chakanaka, sokuti zvichida nhau yepamusoro nyaya ye1928 yakanga iri kusayirwa neve 57 nyika dzeKellogg-Briand Peace Pact muParis, chibvumirano chakaita kuti hondo yose isiri pamutemo, chibvumirano chinoramba chiri mumabhuku nhasi.
Asi, zvakataurwa nguva, "Vaongorori vanogona kuratidza kuti VaKellogg havana kutanga pfungwa yehondo inorambidza; kuti munhuwo zvake asina kujeka anonzi Salmon Oliver Levinson, gweta reChicago, ”ndiye aikonzera izvi.
Chokwadi aive. SHOKO Levinson aive gweta aifunga kuti matare aibata gakava pakati pevanhu zvirinani pane kuita dueling zvisati zvarambidzwa. Aida kurambidza hondo senzira yekubata makakatanwa epasi rose. Kusvikira 1928, kutanga hondo kwaigara kuri pamutemo zviri pamutemo. Levinson aida kurambidza hondo dzese. “Ngatitii,” akanyora kudaro, “panguva iyoyo yakanga yakurudzirwa kuti 'kuita zvechisimba' chete ndiko kunofanira kurambidzwa uye kuti 'kuzvidzivirira kurwa' kunosiyiwa kwakadaro.”
Levinson uye sangano reAptlawrists raakamuunganira, kusanganisira Chicagoan Jane Addams anozivikanwa, aifunga kuti kuita hondo mhosva kunotanga kuideredza uye kuita kuti vanhu varambe vachiita zvakaipa. Vakatsvakawo pamwe nekusika kwemitemo yenyika dzakawanda uye maitiro ekugadzirisa uye nzira dzekugadzirisa matambudziko. Kubudisa hondo kwaive kuva danho rekutanga mune imwe nguva yakareba yekugumisa zvachose sangano iri.
Sangano reOutlawry rakatangwa nechinyorwa chaLevinson kuchikurudzira mukati The New Republic munaKurume 7, 1918, uye zvakatora makore gumi kuti vabudirire Kellogg-Briand Pact. Basa rekupedzisa hondo ririkuenderera, uye chibvumirano chishandiso icho chingangobatsira. Chibvumirano ichi chinopa nyika kugadzirisa makakatanwa avo nenzira dzerunyararo chete. Webhusaiti yeUS State department inonyora ichiri kushanda, sezvinoita iyo Dhipatimendi reDziviriro Mutemo weHondo Manyore yakaburitswa munaJune 2015.
Levinson nevamwe vake vakakoka maseneta uye vakuru vakuru muUnited States neEurope, kusanganisira Munyori wekunze weFrance Aristide Briand, Sachigaro weUS Senate Kunze Kwehukama William Borah, uye Secretary of State Kellogg. Vakabuda kunze vakabatanidza musangano werunyararo weUS zvakanyanya zvakanyanya uye zvinogamuchirwa kupfuura chero chinhu chine zita iro mumakumi emakore kubvira. Asi yaive kufamba kwaive kwakakamurwa pamusoro peChibatanwa cheMarudzi.
Iko kupenga kwekuronga uye kuita zvechisimba izvo zvakagadzira chibvumirano cherunyararo chakakura. Nditsvagire sangano ranga riripo kubvira ma1920s uye ini ndichakutsvagira sangano rakanyorwa kutsigira kupedza hondo. Izvi zvinosanganisira American Legion, iyo National League yeVakadzi Vavhoti, uye National Association yeVabereki neVadzidzisi.
Ne1928, kuda kwekusava nehondo kwakange kusingagoneki, uye Kellogg uyo akanga achangobva kuseka uye akatuka vatsigiri vorugare, akatanga kutevera kutungamira kwavo uye achiudza mudzimai wake kuti angave ari muNobel Peace Prize.
Musi waAugust 27, 1928, muParis, mireza yeGerman neSoviet Union yakangobhururuka ichitevera dzimwe dzakawanda, sezvo chiitiko chakatambiswa icho chinotsanangurwa murwiyo "Husiku Husiku Ndakava Nehope Dzisinganzwisisike." Mapepa aive achisainwa nevarume ava ainyatso taura kuti havaizomborwa zvekare Vakabuda kunze kwenyika vakakurudzira Seneti yeUS kuti isimbise chibvumirano pasina chero bhajeti.
Hapana chimwe cheizvi chaive chisina unyengeri. Mauto eUS airwa muNicaragua nguva yese, uye nyika dzeEurope dzakasaina vakamiririra makoloni avo. Russia neChina vaifanirwa kutaurwa kuti vaende kuhondo pamwe chete sezvo Mutungamiriri Coolidge aisaina chibvumirano. Asi vakataura nezvazvo ivo vaive. Uye iko kwekutanga kutyora kukuru kwechibvumirano, Hondo Yenyika II, yakateverwa neyekutanga (kunyangwe-yakatsigira) mhosva dzemhosva yehondo - kutongwa kwakazorora zvakanyanya pachibvumirano. Nyika dzakapfuma dzave, nekuda kwezvikonzero zvinoverengeka, vasina kuenda kuhondo nemumwe kubva, vachirwa chete munzvimbo dzakashata dzepasi.
Sangano reUnited Nations Charter, rakatevera pasina kutsiva Kellogg-Briand Pact, inotsvaga kumisikidza hondo dzinodzivirira kana mvumo yeUN - maburi akashungurudzwa zvakanyanya kupfuura akashandiswa mumakore apfuura. Zvidzidzo zvesangano reOutlawry zvinogona kunge zvichine chimwe chinhu chekudzidzisa vese neocon varwiri vehondo uye ne "Basa reKuchengetedza" varwi vevanhu. Zvinonyadzisa kuti mabhuku avo anonyanya kukanganwika.
MuSt. Paul, Minn., Kuonga kuri kudzokera kumunhu mukuru Frank Kellogg, uyo akapiwa Nobel, akavigwa muNational Cathedral, uye anonzi K Avenuegg Avenue.
Asi murume akatungamirira sangano iro rakatanga kusvibisa hondo sezvakaipa uye kuita hondo kunzwisiswa sekusarudza pane kusingadzivisiki kwakabva kuChicago, uko pasina chirangaridzo chiripo uye hapana chiyeuchidzo chiripo.
David Swanson ndiye munyori we "Pakarwiwa Hondo Yenyika." Achange achitaura kuChicago musi waAugust 27. Kuti uwane ruzivo, maona http://faithpeace.org.
13 Mhinduro
Ini handirangariri ndichimbosvika pakufukidza kufamba uku muchikoro cheGeneral Academics. Zvinotaridza senge zvikoro zvinomhanyisa kugunun'una kuburikidza nezana ramakore rechimakumi maviri pakupera kwegore rechikoro, zvichisiya nhoroondo yezvazvino yemugwagwa. Ndinoyeuka ndichiita chirevo pamusoro peUnited Nations. Ndakaona kuti yaive yakaumbwa muSan Francisco, uye gare gare mushure mekunge yaendeswa muchivako chevapfumi muNew York vanhu vakaita saBarney Baruk vakauya nemazita matsva senge 'Cold War'.
Hapana anovadzidzisa izvi. Bhuku iri pano:
http://davidswanson.org/outlawry
Ichi chidimbu hachitauri Chikwata cheMarudzi, mutangiri weUN uye akapenga muma1930 apo hondo, hondo yenyika, yaive hasha dzese. http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/League_of_Nations.aspx
Saka izvi zvinoreva kuti GW Bush imhosva yehondo. Akaenderera mberi nehondo yakaipisisa nesungano iyi pamabhuku.
George Bush mudiki ndiye murwi wehondo ane kana asina ruzivo urwu.
Robert,
Nhoroondo yakawanda haina kudzidziswa muzvikoro. Iwe unofanirwa kuita tsvakurudzo yako pachako uchishanda zvakanaka unowana pane iwe pachako kuti unzwisise kufamba kwakakura uye kubudirira kwakaumbwa nevanhu munguva yakapfuura, zvirikuitika izvo zviri mamiriro atinorarama nawo nhasi.
Nhoroondo, nhoroondo chaiye, iri kutyisidzira kune mamwe masimba anehukasha. Nhoroondo mune zvedzidzo yakajairika yakadzokororwa kudzokororwa zvisina zvazvinoreva zvezviitiko, misi uye manhamba ese asina mamiriro ekuti anzwisise zvairehwa nekutambudzika kwavo munguva dzavo. Kunzwisisa mamiriro acho ezvinhu, zvakadaro, ndiko kunovhura nhoroondo sechishandiso chakakosha chatinacho kuwana maonero pazvinhu zvedu zvazvino, tichiziva kuti zvatinoita nhasi ichave nhoroondo yatinosiira kuti vamwe vatore kwatakasiya. Isu tiri chikamu chekuenderera chinomhanya pamberi penguva yedu uye mushure menguva yedu. Ndosaka kunzwisiswa kwakadzama kwenhoroondo kuchityisidzira uye nei kugumburwa kwenzanga kwakakosha kuti tirambe tichiregedzana, takatarisa pane zvisina zvazvinoreva uye zvisina basa uye tisingakwanise kufunga nezvechinangwa chepamusoro pedu.
Basa rakanaka pakuverenga pamusoro pekugadzwa kweUN. Iwe uri mumwe wezvisizvo kune kutonga, uyo akawana chikoro uye ane dzidzo.
"Vakakomborerwa vanoita runyararo nekuti vachadaidzwa kuti vana vaMwari." Saka nei uchifanira kuita rugare kana iwe uchitova mwana waMwari? Rumbidzai Ishe uye pfuurai zvombo!
Kuita zvechisimba dzimwe nguva kunokosha. Jesu Kristu, iye wandataura, anga asina dambudziko kunodana vavengi vake vane chisimba, vanonyengera kuti 'vana vaSatani. SaKristu, tinofanirwa kunyadzisa avo vanoseka kusagadzirisa mhirizhonga uye kuita nzira dzavo muhondo.
Nhanho yekutanga-Kubatana kwechisimba kunofanira kuparadzwa.
Kutenda nechinyorwa chakakosha zvikuru, David & RootsAction. Ini ndichave nechokwadi chekushambadzira izvi munharaunda medu huya pakati paSept, kunyanya sezvo raibhurari yangu yeruzhinji yaona zvakakodzera kuparadzira zvehondo nekubatanidza vana nevachiri kuyaruka muchirongwa chinonzi Miriyoni Yekutenda, mune tsamba dzakanyorwa kunhengo dzechiuto dzinovatenda ye "sevhisi" yavo. Ndanga ndichipa mhinduro kune raibhurari yangu nezve sarudzo yakaipa kwazvo, unogona kuva nechokwadi!
Hondo yakawanda yekuuraya vanhu vakawanda, saka kuparwa kwevanhu. Inofanira kutsiviwa neDare Renyika Yose risasaruri. Tinoda boka rose rekuona nyaya yacho kuburikidza. Tarisa Rugare Rwenyika pawebsite yangu parisApress.com
Chikonzero chekureva nhema pamusoro pehukama uye dhimbirano kwaiva uyu mutemo pamusoro pehupenyu hwehupenyu. Nyaya yorugare, iyo yakatanga pamberi pezvinyorwa zvemunhu mumwechete mu 1880-81, uye kuiswa kwako kwemunhu kwakasundirwa kunze nekusatongwa, kwaive kuchiri kupfuurira nanhasi kureva iyo yeOligarchs ye uye yekutonga!
Chimwezve icho chitsva-Roma chakanakira, kana kwete chekuita zvemhosva-Hegemony nekubhadhara kwekushandisa zvisiri pamutemo kwe NSDU-238 yekutanga nyukliya-Weapon.
Roma nyowani haizombofa yakapa "rugareAwards" seNobels, asi ivo vari kure kure nehondo-Kurwisa drone michato / hondo-Laureate ... ndatenda David, isu tinoda se chokwadi-Chirevo ...
Kwapera nguva refu, Terry Pratchett akachema zvikuru pfungwa iyi neunyanzvi hukuru mune imwe yezvakanakisisa zvayo zvinyorwa zvisinganzwisisiki, JINGO, nhau yakaisvonaka yehondo.
Hechino chitaurwa, wozoenda unoverenga bhuku rose
[Vime kune Prince Cadram] "Uri pasi pekusungwa," akadaro.
Muchinda akaita karuzha pakati pekukosora nekuseka. "Ndiri chii?"
"Ndiri kusunga iwe nekuda kwekupira chibairo chako. Uye panogona kunge kune dzimwe mhosva. ". . .
"Vimes, iwe waenda uchinyunyuta," akadaro Rust. "Iwe haugoni kusunga mutungamiriri weuto!"
"Chaizvoizvo, VaVimes, ndinofunga kuti tinogona," akadaro Carrot. "Uye hondo, zvakare. Ndiri kureva, handioni kuti nei tisingagoni. Tingavapa mutero nemafambiro angangodaro kukonzera kuputsa kworugare, changamire. Ndinoreva, ndizvo zvinorwa hondo. "
Pfungwa yakajeka, asi iyo USA uye yekare USSR isina hanya nehuchangamire hwemamwe marudzi. Izvo zvose pamusoro pezvido zvenyika iyo inyoyo yebhizimisi mune zvekunze kune imwe nyika iyo yaizowana pane chero mutengo.