NePat Mukuru, May 29, 2019
Sen. John Barrasso (R-WY), Sachigaro weUnited States Committee on Environment and Public Works, ane simba guru mukugadzira mitemo ine chokuita nekuraira kwekufa kweiyo uye yefuraji yefrikanalkyl (PFAS). Barrasso ndiyo Senate mukuru wokugamuchira mari kubva kumakemikari indasitiri uye ine nguva yakareba yepamutemo yekusimudzira zvido zvemhizha.
Barrasso ndiyowo Pentagon's point man. Anopikisa kutarisa makemikari ose e PFAS sekirasi. Kuita kudaro kunogona kuvhara mauto ekugadzira hondo -kamba vanoti inokosha kumabasa avo. PFAS ndiyo inoshandiswa muzviputi zvinopisa moto zvinoshandiswa neuto rehondo munguva dzekudzidzira moto-kudzivirira pamisasa yehondo. Ikoko chirwere chinokonzerwa necarcinogenic chinotenderwa kupinda muvhu kunosvibisa mvura yepasi uye zvirongwa zvomuguta remvura. Hapana chinogona kubudisa moto unopisa moto weFolic-foed foam.
Pfungwa yakajairika mutemo inodaidzira kuti ese 5,000 + PFAS makemikari kuti pamwe aiteedzerwe nekuti ivo vose vanoonekwa seine chepfu.
BarrassoChimiro chinodzivirira iyo "purofiti pamusoro pevanhu" kirasi yevemaindasitiri nemauto. Barrasso uye rudzi rutsva rwevanopfurikidza mwero neruoko rwekumusoro muWashington vanonetsekana kuti vatevedzeri vemitemo vanofanira kutora nzira yakadaro nekuti chimiro chega chega chemakemikari chinopa mwero dzakasiyana nemhando dzenjodzi kuhutano hwevanhu uye nharaunda. Vanoti sainzi iyi yakanyanya kuomarara uye inoda makore mazhinji ekudzidza mitemo isati yaitwa - kana ichionekwa seinokosha.
Barrasso yakaratidzawo kusahadzika pamusoro pemutemo unogona "kutsigira danho rekutonga rinoshandiswa kuongorora njodzi" dzakabatana nemakemikari pasi pemitemo iripo yezvakatipoteredza. “Kongiresi yakatanga mashandiro emitemo makumi emakore apfuura. Yakafunga kuti masangano emubatanidzwa ari papi nani kuti aongorore sainzi iri kumashure kwekugadziriswa kwemakemikari, ”anodaro. Dudziro: Sayenzi zvinhu zvinotyisa uye tinoziva vamwe muCongress vanoda kuridza muridzo pabato redu rekuita purofiti vachikanganisa hutano hwevanhu uye nharaunda, saka zviri nani kune sainzi-asipo Trump anosarudzwa kuti aite zvisarudzo zvisina huremu hunorema hwesainzi .
Mimwe yemitemo iyi inokonzera zvikwereti zveSupfund zvakajeka nemirairo pamusoro pezvinosvibisa, chimwe chinhu chinovhiringidza vakuru vanotonga. Barrasso uye mauto ake ehurukuro dzakanaka pamativi ose echevhisi anotaura kuti kuisa zvikwereti zveSupreme Fund zvinenge zvisina kururama nokuti hurumende nemabhizimisi vakashandisa makemikari mune kutenda kwakanaka. Izvi zvakasvibiswa kufunga. Kunyange zvazvo vasingambotauri mauto, heino mhirizhonga: "Nzvimbo dzedu dzomumhenderekedzo dzepasi, mabhenekeri, uye vamwe vakashandisa mhepo inopisa moto ine PFAS kuitira kuti vadzivirire vashandi uye vanhu vose." Barrasso rinowanzoshandisa zviito zvekare zvekare kurondedzera kusvibiswa kunoenderera mberi.
Chairman BarrassoNzvimbo dzekutaura dzinosanganisira vamwe vaviri vanopinda. Anoti "vapedza simbi" (dudziro: F-35's, nezvimwewo) vanoshandisa PFAS "kudzikisira mweya wemhepo uye kusangana kwevashandi nesimbi inorema." Kudzivirira maitiro emauto ekusvibisa nharaunda dzakavakidzana, Barrasso anoti, "Zvigadzirwa zvemvura yakasvibiswa uye zvipfeko zvevhu zvinenge zvisingagoni kuziva vanogamuchira zvemakemikari" saka havafananidzi nemitemo mitsva. "
Barrasso, zvechokwadi, iri kubuda kunze kwekurutsa kwechisimba uye chirwere chine ropa chine ropa rinotambura nevanhu, vanoti, Colorado Springs pedyo nePeterson Air Force Base iyo yave ichimwa mvura yePPAS-ine chepfu yeC20 yemakore. Ichokwadi chisingadikanwi.
Heino mhirizhonga pamutemo wakamirira muSeneti:
S. 638 zvaizoda kuti iyo EPA isarudze yega- uye polyfluoroalkyl zvinhu sezvinhu zvine njodzi pasi peComprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, uye Liability Act ya1980. (CERCLA-Superfund). CERCLA ndeimwe yemitemo yakanakisa yenyika nekuti inonyatsoisa zvido zvemakambani nemauto kune zvesainzi zvine chekuita nezvehutano uye hutano hwevanhu.
S. 638 inenge iine hukuru hwakanaka nokuti inozoita huwandu hunosvibisa huwandu hweFPAS huchazopinza muzviyero zvinotarisirwa, kusanganisira zvikwereti zvishoma zvekusateerera. Hapana cheiyo ikozvino iko! 3M, Chemours, uye DuPont vanopikisa zvakasimba nokuti ichaparadza maratiro avo.
Iri bhiri rinogona kuramba richibvumira kuti mauto ataure, "simba rokutonga" uye anorega mitemo yese mitsva. Uyu mubvunzo unokosha kune vadzidzisi vemitemo yebumbiro remitemo vakaita saR. Jamie Raskin, (D-MD-8), kunyange zvazvo mauto anoita seanokunda nemutsara uyu kusvika ikozvino mukuzvidzivirira kwawo mune zvisungo zvinopesana nematunhu akawanda.
S. 1507 - Bhiri rekusanganisira imwe perfluoroalkyl uye polyfluoroalkyl zvinhu muToxics Release Inventory, uye nezvimwe zvinangwa.
Pachine magwaro emutemo uyu, kunyange zvazvo zvaizowedzera pedyo ne200 PFAS kuToxics Release Inventory, maererano Mukati EPA. Iyo Toxics Regedzera Inventory (TRI) chishandiso chekudzidza nezve zvine chepfu kuburitswa kwemakemikari uye ekudzivirira kusvibiswa zviitiko zvinotaurwa nemaindasitiri nehurumende nzvimbo Iyi inhanho-inonzwisisika nhanho munzira kwayo kunyange ichikundikana kuwedzera ese 5,000 + anokuvadza ePFAS makemikari kune iyo hesera. Kana ikapasiswa, inofanira zvakare kusanganisira chiyero chekugadzirisa kuwedzerwa kwemamwe makemikari ePFAS.
Vaverengi vanofanira kunzwisisa kuti chimwe chinhu chakaipa kwazvo chinowanikwa apo makemikari anovaka maketani ane simba anoshamisa ematomu eakoni akakomberedzwa nemaatomu e-fluorine ane magumo akasiyana-siyana. Makemikari anodzorera mafuta uye tsvina uye moto zviri nani kudarika chero chinhu. Kunyange zvazvo vasina kumboputsika mumasikirwo ezvo uye anonyangadza zvisikwa zvipenyu nekusingaperi, anobatsira kugadzirira hondo.
S 1473 - Bhiri rekuvandudza Mutemo weKunwa Kwemvura Zvakachengeteka unoda kuti Administrator weEnvironmental Protection Agency aise huwandu hwakanyanya hwehutachiona hwemamwe makemikari, uye zvimwe zvinangwa.
Pachine magwaro emutemo uyu, kana.
Ichi ndicho chimwe chinodikanwa, chinowanzofungwa. Zvinoda kuti EPA iise mutemo wenyika, unomanikidzwa wemvura yekunwa wePPAS makore maviri mushure mekugadzwa. Parizvino, neEPA pane imwe nzvimbo, hapana hurumende yekutarisira iyi boka remakemikari.
Vakawanda vanoti, kuziva kubviswa kwepamusoro kwehurumende, vakagadzirisa huwandu hwakanyanya hwezvinosvibisa. New Jersey, somuenzaniso, yakagadza MCL ye20 ppt. nokuda kweFPAS mumvura maviri pasi uye kunwa mvura. Mvura yakadzika pasi inowanzoshandiswa kumvura yekunwa muNew Jersey uye mhiri kwenyika.
Kuendesa kumusha chinangwa chekupararira kwenyika yehuwandu hwebhaibheri, Alexandria. Louisiana, pedyo neEngland Air Force Base (yakavhara 28 makore apfuura) ichiri ne 10,900,000 ppt ye PFAS mumvura yayo pasi uye pane vanhu vanorarama pedyo nechepamusoro nemahombe.
Mumwe anonetseka ne S 1473 ndeyokuti MCL inogona kusimbiswa pamwero wakakwirira kuti uchengetedze hutano hwevanhu. Mushure mezvose, Harvard masayendisiti ehutano hwehutano anoti 1 ppt ye PFAS mukunwa mvura inogona kunge ine ngozi.
S 1251 - Bumbiro rekuvandudza nekugadzirisa maitiro emagariro ehurumende uye kupa rubatsiro kune zvematongerwo enyika kuti apindure kune hutano hwehutano hwevanhu hunokonzerwa nekusvibiswa kunobuda, uye kune zvimwe zvinangwa.
Kuunganidza deta kunotarisa kusvibiswa kwakamirira zvisarudzo neEPA Administrator inotora makore akawanda uye kuwana dhenda kune zvimwe zvinosvibisa izvo zvino zvamirira kugadziriswa kwekutonga zvinogona kutora chizvarwa. Izvi zvinowanzozivikanwa zvingaita kuti maitiro ehurumende akwanise kugadziriswa uye kubatsira masangano mukupindura matambudziko ehutano hwevanhu.
S. 950 - Kuti utore Director weUnited States Geological Survey kuti iite ongororo yepasirese yemakemikari akafuridzirwa, uye nezvimwe zvinangwa.
Izvi zvinonzwisisika, zvakare. Iyo inobvuma kuti nyika inotarisana nehutano hwehutano sezvaisina mumwe muhupenyu hwayo.
S 1372 - Kukurudzira masangano emubatanidzwa kuti akurumidze kupinda kana kugadzirisa zvibvumirano zvemubatanidzwa nenyika dzekuti vabvise uye kugadzirisa matanho ekugadzirisa kusvibiswa kwePFAS mukumwa, pamusoro, uye pasi pevhu uye pamusoro penzvimbo uye pazasi pechikamu, uye nezvimwe zvinangwa.
Sen.Debbie Stabenow bhiri raizobata Pentagon basa rekuchenesa kusvibiswa kwePFAS kwavakakonzera. Pasi pechiito ichi, izwi rekuti "federal nzvimbo" rinoreva saiti iri pasi pesimba raMunyori weDziviriro.
Heino mutsara:
(1) MUCHIKAMU.-Pakukumbira naGavhuna kana mukuru wehurumende, dhipatimendi rehurumende kana sangano rinoshanda nesimba nokukurumidza kugumisa chibvumirano chebvumirano, kana kugadzirisa chibvumirano chebvumirano chekubvumirana chekugadzirisa, kuedza, kuongorora, kubviswa, uye zviito zvekugadzirisa kutarisa kusvibiswa kana kufungidzirwa kusvibiswa kwemvura yekunwa, mvura yepamusoro, kana pasi pevhu kana pasi pamusoro pevhu kana subsurface strata kubva mumunda wakagadzirwa nemafuta anobva kunzvimbo yeGerald.
(2) ZVIMWE ZVINOKOSHA. -Vimbiso yebvumirano yakagadziriswa kana kugadziriswa pasi pesendima (1) inoda kuti nzvimbo iite pasi pesungano yekubvumirana yekusangana kana kudarika zvakanyanya zvakanyanyisa zvinotevera zvinokonzerwa nemafuta anokonzerwa nemafuta mumagariro ezvakatipoteredza:
(A) Anogadziriswa State State standard, chaizvoizvo muHurumende iyo, pamvura yekunwa, mvura yepamusoro, kana pasi pevhu kana pasi kana shanduro, sezvinodiwa pasi pechitsauko 121 (d) cheKutevedza kweMagariro eZvirongwa, Kwemhosva, uye Chekuita 1980 (42 USC 9621 (d)).
(B) Zano rehutano pasi pechikamu 1412 (b) (1) (F) yeSouth Drinking Water Act (42 USC 300g-1 (b) (1) (F)).
(C) Mhando ipi neipi yeBurumende, zvinoda, chirongwa, kana muganhu, kusanganisira chidimbu, chidimbu, chirevo, kana muganhu wakabudiswa pasi pe-
(i) Mutemo weToxic Substances Control Act (15 USC 2601 uye seq.);
(ii) Mutemo Wemvura Inonwiwa Wakachengeteka (42 USC 300f uye seq.);
(iii) Mutemo Wakachena Wemu Air (42 USC 7401 uye seq.);
(iv) Gwaro reMagetsi Ezvinosvibisa Rusununguko (33 USC 1251 uye seq.);
(v) Kudzivirirwa kweMvura, Tsvakurudzo, uye Sanctuaries Mutemo we1972 (unowanzozivikanwa se "Mutemo weAcean Dumping") (33 USC 1401 uye seq.); kana
(vi) Mutemo Wakasvibiswa Wokurasika (42 USC 6901 uye seq.).
Zvino, izvo zvakawanda zvekutora mukati - asi inobata tsoka dzePentagon kune furo inorwisa moto. Zvaizoreva kuti, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kuti DOD yaizofanira kutevedzera mutemo weNew Mexico kana weMichigan, pane kupenya nepakati "changamire" chigunwe. Mutemo wakatsanangurwa ungangoda makumi emabhiriyoni emadhora emubatanidzwa - uye zvimwe zvimwe. Yenguva yekukwira pony. Tinofanira kuchengetedza hutano hwevanhu husina njodzi.
Rugare, kururamisira kwehutano, hutano, uye vatsigiri vezvakatipoteredza vanofanira kunyora. S 1372 iri pakati pezvikamu zvakakosha zvemitemo yezvakatipoteredza munhoroondo yenyika. Mazana ezvigaro zvemauto muU.S. uye kumativi ose enyika inoenderera kusvibisa vashandi vehondo nevevanhu vari pedyo.
kunyange zvazvo Zvikwereti gumi nematatu zvePFAS zvine chokuita vachangobva kuendeswa muImba, ndiyo Senate inobata makadhi, uye John Barrasso ndiye muchengeti wemagedhi.
Imba yacho inotanga kuvhara mitemo yakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kurambidzwa kwekuchenesa makemikari, iyo, kusvika ikozvino, isingabatanidzwi mumitemo inofungidzirwa neSeneti. Pasinei nehutano hunotyisa, mauto anoenderera mberi kupisa zvinodhaka nokuti ndiyo nzira iri nyore uye inodhura yekurasa PFAS. Masimba emaguta emunharaunda ave akanzwa achimanikidzwa kupisa PFAS-laced sewer sludge nokuti inonyangadza ivhu, mvura yepasi, uye mvura yepamusoro apo inopararira pamapurazi.
Imwe Imba yepaimba yaizopa mari yehurumende yemari kumari-yakasungirirwa mvura yemasvingo emasvingo ayo asingagoni kuchengetedza hutano hwevanhu kubva kuhutachiona hwehutachiona. Imwe inogona kuisa mutero kune vashandi vePFAS kuti vabhadhara mari yakawanda inotarisana nevatungamiriri vemvura munyika yose. Kunyange zvakadaro, chimwe chikwereti chaizotanga chirongwa chokuzvidira kuti cookware inonzi "PFAS-yakachengeteka." Zviri pachena kuti mari yacho haina kuenda zvakakwana. Congress inofanira kubvisa zvinhu zvakananga!
Bhiri rinokosha rinogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwemakumbo emakemikari nevanopinda mumoto. Kanzera mazana pakati pezvikamu izvi mumasangano ndevamwe vakakwirira munyika.
Saka, sei EPA isina kuita basa?
Mhinduro ndeyokuti fox iri kuchengetedza henhouse. Ona kuti ndiani ari vatambi vakuru muEPA:
- Mutungamiri Andrew Wheeler akanga ari wekuchengetedza simba kwemazuva akawanda emabasa ake.
- Erik Baptisti isiri yemakemikari kuchengetedzwa uyo anobva kuAmerica Petroleum Institute.
- Peter Wright, gweta reDow Chemical, iye zvino anomhanya purogiramu yeSuppod cleanup
- David Dunlap, nhengo yedare rekutsvakurudza yeEPA, aiva mukuru weKoch Industries.
- Steven Cook, mutungamiri weEPA's Superfund team force, akanga ari mazano makuru emaplastiki uye makemikari goliath Lyondell Basell Industries.
Akasarudzwa naTrump kumhanyisa Hofisi yeKemikari Kuchengetedza nekusvibisa Kudzivirira, Michael Dourson, akabva mukufunga mushure mekunge zvanyatso kusimbiswa kuti akapedza yakawanda yebasa rake achidzivirira matsotsi anotipa chepfu, achiyedza kuparadza EPA. Dourson akashanda hwaro hwekutsvagisa hwakabhadharwa neDuPont, Monsanto uye neAmerican Chemistry Council. Akatengesa pseudo-sainzi yake kune akakwirira kukwikwidza. Barrasso akataura nezvaDourson se “mushandi weveruzhinji anokwanisa, ane ruzivo, uye akazvipira.” Barrassosangano rakagamuchira Dourson kusarudzwa kusati kwaitika gakava remakakatanwa rakagumisa Dourson.
Pat Mukuru anoshanda paBhodi revatungamiri ve World BEYOND War.
