From Lalit, September 11, 2018
Mhosva yakashata yakanga iri pamberi pedare reUnited Nation, Dare Repamusorosoro reRubatsiro kuThe Hague, vhiki ino. Ko nyaya yekwereti yaizotora sei makore 50 mushure mezviitiko izvi, mune zviya zvinowanzova mumiriri wepamutemo wemutemo wepamusoro-soro mutemo wepasi rose, kuva "riveting" nemhando ipi zvayo yemafungiro, regai "riveting zvachose"?
Yaiva riveting nekuda kwekutsamwa-chete-kwakatsamwiswa kwevakawanda veavo vachitaura mukuda kweUnited General Assembly Resolution vachidana ICJ kuti ipe mazano ekubvunzurudza kuti kana Britain mu 1960 yakagumisa kuparadza kweMauritius, apo yaifadza Chagos iyo inosanganisira Diego Garcia kubva kuMauritius, uye zvinokonzerwa neizvi zvisingakwanisi kubviswa kwemazuva ano, kusanganisira yekugadziriswa kweMauritian Government yeChagiossian vanhu pazviwi zvavo zvekumba. Hasha-yakatsamwa-yakatsamwa yakabatana nemakwikwi akawanda aive, iwo pachake, mukana wakaisvonaka wezvemitemo, zvematongerwe enyika, unhu uye hwechokwadi hunogadzirwa pamwe zvakasimba pamwechete. Zvose izvi zvakaratidza kuti mavanga ekukomberedza ari achiri mavara. Uye kuti chido chinopisa chokupedzisa nekoloni ndiyo mafungiro ehupenyu kusvikira nhasi - muAfrica uye pasi rose.
Isu muLALIT uye neshamwari dzedu dzose, shamwari, vashandi pamwe chete mukurwisana pamusoro pemakore ekupedzisira e40, vaiva nemanzwiro ekuwedzera ekusimbiswa. Zvose zvataitaura - zvinonzwisisika uye zvinonzwisisika - zvakanga zviri kuratidzwa munyika yose, kutorwa zvakakosha nevatongi ve 15 veDare reUnited States, patakapedza mashumi emakore achipindura mazano echechi yeBrithani, anowanzotariswa nevanomanikidzwa vevanhu vekudenga vanoti, "Murume wekare Ramgoolam akatengesa Chagos kuChirungu", Saka hapana chaunogona kuita nezvazvo. Kune ICJ, zvese zvakanakisisa zvemurairo zvatinazvo, sevanhu vese vanoita zvekuita muLALIT, vakanetswa nemakore, vakanyengerwa kunze uye vanokurukurwa nepamusoro pepfungwa dzemutemo yenyika, uye isu tose taigona kutevera izvi tichirarama. Uye nechokuita nharo dzose dzaive dzakagadzirira ICJ kupa Chiratidzo, uye ichipa icho pamusoro peBrithani kuti isati yapedzisa decolonization, uyewo kudana kuDare kuti iise migumisiro yemazuva ano kwekukundikana kwekupedzisa decolonization. Icho chaiva chikonzero chokudada kuona vakuru vakuru veChagossia mumutungamiri weMauritian, uye Mai Liseby Elysée vachipa uchapupu.
I BBC ndiyo yekutanga yezvemitambo yezvemitambo yepasi rose yekukotamisa pasi pamberi pezvinyorwa zvisinganzwisisiki zvevaya vanopokana neBrithani nokuda kwekunaka kwayo - kune chikwereti cheavo vakaita purogiramu yeBBC. MuLALIT, tave tichishandisa maawa nemaawa tichisangana nevanyori venhau vepasi pose pamusana pokudzivisa kwavo nyaya yeChagos.
Ikoko kwaivewo pane kuratidzwa, paRussia, pane chinonyadzisa kuratidza kushorwa kwekoloni, kunyanya kune chikamu chevakuru vakuru vatatu vaikoronizer-vadziviriri: Britain, USA, Israel uye-kunyange zvazvo iri yekare-Australia.
Nharo dzavo - idzi zvina - dzakachengetedza kuti Sarudzo yakatumirwa kuI ICJ neGeneral Assembly yose yaiva "mhirizhonga yepamusoro" pakati peMauritius neBrithani, uye naizvozvo haigamuchiri pamberi peDare zvachose nekuti, ivo vakakavadzana, mumwe wevato iyi nharo inofungidzirwa kuti inobatana, kureva Britain, haina kubvumidza. Nyika dzose dzeC94 dzakabvumira mukutumira Kugadzirisa iyi kuI ICJ musingaregi kuva "pamwe chete"! Izvozvo ndezvipi zvekufunga kwekoloni? Zvose izvo nyika dze94 hadzisipo, apo dzinoshevedza Mazano Ezano kune General Assembly. Kwete izvozvo chete. Sezvo vazhinji veavo vachipa uchapupu vachirwisana neBritain vakataura zvakanaka, Sarudzo haina kunyatsorongedzerwa muGeneral Assembly yeUnited Nations neMauritius, imwe yemapato munyaya inofungidzirwa kuwirirana kwevanhu; yakakurudzirwa neC55 States dzeAfrica pamwe. Taura nezvekufunga kwekolonizeri ye terra nullius, kana nyika isina vanhu mauri! The African Union achiriko, kuBritain, USA, Israel neAustralia, a terra nullius.
Saka, pfungwa iyi yakava imwe yemakakatanwa makuru: Ndiyo mubvunzo wekukanganiswa kwezvitsuwa zvose zveChagosi kubva kuMauritius pamberi peIndamende yeMauritius "mhirizhonga pamwe chete" kana mubvunzo we decolonization uye kuzvidzora, zvinhu izvo chikamu cheChristian Charter, chinotsigirwa neHisarudzo dzakawanda, imwe sarudzo yakadaro kunyange inonyevera Britain zvakananga kwete kuti aparadze Mauritius nenzira iyi?
Uye panguva iyi pane zvikonzero zvakanakisisa zvakagadziriswa neAfrica pamwe chete, inomiririrwa nevatauri vatatu, uye nedzimwe nyika dzeNigeria, South Africa, Kenya, Zambia neBotswana. Imwe nyanzvi dzese dzakange dzakagoverwa neZimbabwe - iyo 55 muAfrica pamwe pamwe nezvimwe zvinodiwa kubva kune dzimwe nyika shanu dzeAfrica - kuvaka nekusimbisa nharo dzavo mukuda kwekugadziriswa kwekugadziriswa kwemagariro ezvo, uye kuti iyi decolonization inofanira kuchengetedza "nzvimbo yakakwana ".
Dzimwe Mamwe madzishe akanga akaenzana zvakafanana: maduku madunhu akaita se Marshall Islands, Belize, uye Vanuatu (kuuya pamberi peDare kwenguva yekutanga), States pasi pekukanganiswa nekukurumidza kubva kuU.SA saGuatamala, Argentina neNicaragua, nedzimwe nyika dziri pasi kudzvinyirira kubva kuUn UK, saKyprus, nevamwe vasina shanga yekukuya, chete chirevo chekusimudzira, saThailand, India neBrazil, vose vakapa mhinduro dzemuromo.
Kuteerera kurwizi runorarama (uyewo pane zvinoda - VOD) muchiChirungu neFrench panzvimbo ye ICJ www.icj-cij.org/en/multimedia-index pamwe neWN Web TV, nzvimbo yepamutemo yeUnited States, yakaita mazuva mana edzidzo kune vataridzi kana vateereri munhoroondo ye decolonization. Uye kwaive mazuva mana akapfuura mukutinha kweziso-ziso.
British yakatorwa kuti iite basa nokuda kwezvakakonzera izvo zvaiitika pazvinyengeri pazvaiuya kune zvinyorwa zvinotevera.
Britain yakataura kuti Chagos yaiva makiromita 2,000 kubva kune dzimwe zviwi zveRiphabliki yeMauritius, saka, Britain, makiromita 10,000 ari kure anofanira kuva neutongi. Tinoseka here kana kuchema, patinonzwa doro rakadaro?
Kana kuti nei Britain ichifanira kuva zvakavanzika saka zvakanyanyisa kubva kuUnited Nations General Assembly kuti vaiparadza Mauritius, kana kuti vakavanda muchivande ne2,000 Chagossian Mauritiya vanogara imomo kuMauritius main Island, vachitsvaga mune zvekuita zvepabonde nemashoko echisarura panguva panguva apo pakanga pasina vanhu vanogara imomo, chete shiri shomanana ikoko (kwete-asi-dzakachengetedzwa nemagungano emarudzi akawanda) uye shomanana "vanhu veChishanu"? Sei chikonzero cheBrithani chingave chichinyengera pasi peuto reUnited States raive kuronga kuti rigadzike ipapo kwaingova "zviteshi zvekutumira" chete? Nemhaka yei kunyengera kose, kana ivo vachiedza kutaura iko, kwaive kuchiri kuitika neiyo 1960s kuti iparadzanise nzvimbo dzakatangira kusununguka?
Chii chakaita kuti UK ibhadhe hurumende yeMauritian (kunyange pittance) yeZiri Islands kudai vakanga vasiri Mauritian? Zviito zvavo, saka zvisingafungi, vanoshumira zvakare uye zvakare kupesana nechinhu chipi neBritish State ichiedza kutaura nhasi. Sei vakapa kodzero dzehove kuMauritius kana zvitsuwa zvisati zvisiri chikamu cheMauritius? Uye nei vaBritain vakasarudza kusiya vazhinji vevaCagossia paPort Louis docks kana vakanga vasingazivi kuti vaKagossia vaiva vaMauritians? Uye nei pasi pano vakavimbisa "kudzoka" kuChaganos Islands kuenda kuMauritius, pavakasarudza "vakanga vasingachadiwi nokuda kwezvidziviriro"? Uye nezvekuita sokuti vaMoriti vhoti vaisarudza kusununguka pakuregererwa panguva yeIndendence, izvi zvakashata zvakasarudzwa: chisarudzo paZanu-General Chisarudzo chakanga chiri pakati pekusatora kuzvimirira (nekuvhota PMSD) nekuwana kuzvidzora neChagos kunakidzwa (nekuvhota Basa-IFB, CAM musangano); uye vaKagossia havana kukwanisa kuvhota zvachose. Saka, rudzi rwe "kuzvimirira" kana kubvumirana kwaiva chii?
Britain yakaratidzwa zvakare uye zvakare sekunge yawana chikonzero chekuona Chagos yakakodzera kuichengeta (apo USA yaida hurumende ikoko) ndokuzowana nzira dzakashata dzekuchengeta nekudzora zvitsuwa. Nokudaro izvi zvinotyisa, zvinoreva kuti Britain yakaratidza kuti yakarurama mukudarika ma-Orders-in-Council kuti vaite zvekugadzira Chagos kubva kuMauritius kamwe kamwe, uye zvino kutya vaKagossia kubva pamakore anotevera e8. Kungova nesimba rinokonzera simba raisagona kuona kusakundikana kwekukanda kumhepo pasi rose mutemo pamusoro pekutonga kweColonization uye neChagossia kodzero dzevanhu kuti vararame kwavanogara, nokuti bedzi yaida nzvimbo yekuita. Uye Britain yakaenderera mberi mune izvi, ichiri kungofungidzira kuti "ichadzoka" kana kuti gare gare "chivharo" Chagos apo isisati yaida. Uye ndiani angasarudza kana zvisiri izvo zvaidiwa? Zvakanaka, zviri pachena, ivo vanyori. Ndivo chete vanhu vari vanhu.
Zvose izvi zvakabuda mukukakavadzana nevose avo vakataura vachifarira sangano reUnited General Assembly kuti 15-member ICJ ipe Opinion Advisory. Chimwe chekudzivirira chakanga chiri, zvinonzwisisika uye chifanotaurwa, kuti Britain iri kungoedza "kururamisa kusakanganisika".
Uyewo nezveBritain (uye USA, Israel neAustralia) inopesana ne "Opinion Advisory" kubva kuI ICJ, inopenga. Kwete kungoti "maonero", ayo asina simba, asi "mazano" maonero, asingasviki maonero. Mubvunzo ndewokuti Kuregererei? Izvo chete "mazano", uye chete "maonero", nokuda kwekunaka. Dambudziko nderei?
Uye kwete izvozvo chete. Britain yakarasikirwa nedare rayo paChigaro pasi peMutemo weWorld Convention (UNCLOS) mu2015 apo Mauritius yakataura kuti Britain haina hurumende yakakwana yekugadzira Marine Protected Area ikoko - chikonzero chokuchengetedza Mauritius ne Mauriti Chagossia kure-asi zvakadaro Britain haina kuremekedza kutongwa kwakadaro.
Nokudaro, pakupedzisira, avo vose vakabatsira mukurwisana uku: VaChagiossia vakaita saCharlesia Alexis naAurelie Talate, uye 150 kana vakadzi vechiChagossian, uye vanhu vose veChagossian nemasangano avo isu isu, muLALIT, takarwa pamwe chete kune avo vose makore, kutanga uye mberi. Muchikamu chaicho Chagos Refugees Group uye Organizasyon Sosyal Chagosyin, inotungamirirwa naOrivier Bancoult uye rakapera Fernand Mandarin maererano. Uyezve paiva nevarume vasere - vaKagossia vatatu, vatatu vari muLALIT - avo vakasungwa uye vakapomerwa mhosva yekuratidzwa zvisina kurongwa mu1981, nekuisa nyaya pamusoro pehutungamiri muMauritius, kuburikidza nenzira yemugwagwa muPort Louis kwemazuva matatu achimhanya mukutsigira yekurohwa nenzara nevakadzi veChagossian. Uyezve pane ose maMuritiki emasangano - saKomiti Ilois yeHurumende Fraternel, matavi eMMM muZ1970s muPort Louis, masangano eGeneral Workers 'Federation, Muvman Liberasyon Fam, Komiti Moris Losean Indyin uye Kishore Mundil, Komiti Rann nu Diego muZ1990s uye maviri LALIT International Action Conferences, Komiti Diego akaisa mu 2006 uye achiripo, uye vanyori nevanyori vakadai saBam Cuttayen, José Bhoyroo, Rajni Lallah naJoelle Husseiny, naMennwar , uye nhamba dzinoverengeka dzevanoverengeka, zvakare. Uyewo vanhu vakaita mari yakawanda sevatapi venhau (Henri Marimootoo naPatrick Michel), Vatongi vakaita sevanopera Rajsoomer Lallah, vaimbova Vatungamiri veRepublic (kufanana neCassam Uteem), uye mumiririri weMauritio aripo muUnited Nations Jagdish Koonjal, akafungisisa nyaya iyi zvisinei nokuti ndeipi iyo iri musimba muMauritius. Ndiyo basa rakaoma rezvematongerwe enyika rekuedza uku kwakabatanidza izvo zvakamanikidza Mauritian State pakupedzisira kuenda kuI ICJ. Uye kunyange kunze kwenyika, pangavepo, kuwedzera kune States, masangano nevanhu vakadai sa Hapana Nheyo Movement, vanoita mafirimu vakaita saPaedar King, Michel Daeron, John Pilger nevamwe, uye vazhinji, vashandi vakawanda nemasangano evanhu pamusoro pemakore 40 avo vakatsigira Diego Garcia kurwisana kuburikidza neLALIT.
Britain neU.SA dziri mumatambudziko makuru ezvematongerwe enyika pamusoro peVa Chagos naG Diego Garcia.
Kunyangwe kana hurumende yeMauritian ichikanganiswa uye inokotama kumauto eUnited States, ichivakumbirira kuti varambe varipo, vachireva zvishoma zvebhadharo mari ichaita, nyaya iyi inounza zviito zvehurumende yeUnited States nehurumende yeBritain pamberi pevanhu vavo, avo vese vasingazivi zvachose nezvemhosva idzi dzose: mauto ehondo (munzvimbo ine rima riri pamusoro penyika - pamusoro pezvo ivo kana isu isu muMauritius vane kodzero dzekutonga zvematongerwo enyika), hutsika uye huri pamutemo-inotorwa neBrithani kuburikidza ne kubviswa kwenyika yose pasi pekutonga kwayo sechiitiko cheIndamende yevamwe nyika iyoyo, uye kubviswa kwakashata kubva kumisha yavo neche UK-USA mhirizhonga yevaKagossia vose mushure mekuvakurudzira kutarisa mhuka dzavo dzemhuka dzakaparadzwa, uye ipapo kutarisa zvokudya zvinomira.
Saka, ikozvino, mushure mekunge rutsigiro rwepamarudzi akawanda-kubva kuvanhu uye kunyange kubva kune nyika dzinopesana nehurumende, inguva yekuita. Isu, muMauritius inofanira kumanikidza hurumende kugadzirira kushanya kunoitwa nechikepe, zvichida chikepe chehove. Hurumende yakasarudzwa uye Opposition of Mauritius, vatungamiri veChagossian, vatori venhau veMauritike uye vemarudzi ose vari kuenda kunoshanyira chikamu ichi cheMauritius.
Ichowo nguva yakakwirira iyo VaPresident Mentor, avo vakanga vari vapupuriri munyaya yacho uye ndiani chete aripo aripo kubva "kutaurirana" umo Britain yakaronga kuparadzwa kweMauritius, inofanira kudzorera "Sir" yake uye kuva Ane Aneodod Jugnauth zvakare , uye kudzorera shure QC yake, paanenge ari pamusoro payo.
Uye imwe shumiro muMauritius inofanira kugadzirira kudzoka kweChagios kuenda kuMauritius.
Kuuya kweSarudzo Shanduko iyo hurumende inoti ichava chaiyo pakuguma kwegore inofanira kusanganisira Chiitiko mukumirira vaCgossia, zvakare.
Nhamba: Mhosva yeC ICJ yaiva ye 3, 4, 5 uye 6 September kuHague.
