A global security system: imwe nzira yehondo. 2016 edition. Vanyori vakuru: Kent Shifferd, Patrick Hiller, David Swanson, nemhinduro kubva kune vamwe vazhinji. World Beyond War, 2016, 88 pp., US $16.97 (paperback), free digital download, ISBN 978-0-9980859-1-3
Yakaongororwa naPatricia Mische, yakadzokororwa kubva Global Campaign Campaign for PEACE Education.
A global security system inopfupikisa zvimwe zvikumbiro zvakakosha zvekupedza hondo uye kugadzira dzimwe nzira dzekuchengetedza kuchengetedzwa kwepasirese dzakafambiswa mberi mukati mehafu yezana ramakore rapfuura.
Inopokana kuti zvombo zvenyukireya nezvimwe zvombo zvekuparadza kukuru zvinokanganisa kurarama kwevanhu uye kugara zvakanaka kwezvakatipoteredza nokudaro zvinoita kuti hondo isagoneke. Pamusoro pezvo, kuwedzera kuri kuita magandanga nevamwe vasiri vehurumende mukuita mhirizhonga yakawanda kunoita kuti zvigadziriso zvehurumende dzisakwane. Mamiriro ehondo achinja; hondo hadzisisiri chete kana kuti kunyanya kurwiwa pakati penyika. Nokudaro, nyika dzoga hadzigoni kuvimbisa rugare nokuchengeteka. Zvimiro zvitsva zvinodiwa pasi rose uye zvinosanganisira vasiri vehurumende nevehurumende vanoshanda mukoniti kuitira kuchengetedzwa kwakafanana.
Chirevo ichi chinosimbisawo kuti runyararo rwunogoneka uye imwe nzira yekuchengetedza inodiwa kuti iwane. Uyezve, hazvidikanwi kutanga kubva pakutanga; zvakawanda zvehwaro hweimwe nzira yekuchengetedza yatovepo.
Zvikamu zvikuru zvekuchengetedzwa kwakafanana zvinotsanangurwa mubasa iri zvinosanganisira:
- Tarisa pane zvakajairika kwete kuchengetedzeka kwenyika chete (win-win mhinduro)
- Shift kune isiri-inotsamwisa maitiro ekudzivirira;
- Gadzira uto risiri remhirizhonga, remauto ekudzivirira;
- Dzimisa zvigaro zvemauto;
- Bvisa zvombo zvenyukireya uye zvakajairika mukudzikisira kwechikamu, uye kumisa kutengeswa kwezvombo;
- Kugumisa kushandiswa kwemauto drones;
- Kurambidza zvombo kunze;
- Kugumisa kupindira uye mabasa;
- Shandura kushandiswa kwechiuto kune zvinodiwa nevanhuwo zvavo;
- Gadzirisazve mhinduro kune hugandanga; shandisa mhinduro dzisiri dzechisimba panzvimbo pezvo, sezvirango zvehondo, tsigiro yeruzhinji rwevanhu, diplomacy ine musoro, kubatanidza hutongi hwakanaka, kuyananisa, kukakavara, matare edzimhosva, dzidzo uye kugovana ruzivo rwakarurama, kuchinjana kwetsika, kudzoka kwevapoteri, kusimudzira uye kusimudzira hupfumi hwenyika, nezvimwe;
- Sanganisira vakadzi mukudzivirira hondo nekuvaka runyararo;
- Shandura uye kusimbisa United Nations nemamwe masangano epasi rose;
- Simbisa Dare Renyika Dzepasi Pose (World Court) uye International Criminal Court;
- Simbisa mutemo wenyika dzakawanda;
- Kurudzira kutevedzera zvibvumirano zvepasirese zviripo uye kugadzira zvitsva pazvinenge zvichidikanwa;
- Gadzai Makomisheni eChokwadi nekuyananisa;
- Gadzira hupfumi hwepasi rose hwakanaka uye hwakagadzikana
- Democratize International Economic Institutions (World Trade Organization, International Monetary Fund, World Bank);
- Gadzira Paramende yeNyika;
- Gadzira Tsika Yerunyararo;
- Kurudzirai basa rezvirongwa zvechitendero zvine rugare;
- Kurudzira runyararo utori venhau (yakasiyana fomu yehondo / mhirizhonga utori venhau);
- Kuparadzira uye mari dzidzo yerunyararo uye tsvakurudzo yerunyararo;
- Taura "Nyaya Itsva" yakadzika midzi mukuziva kwakadzama uye kunzwisisa kwePasi semusha wedu wepamwe uye remangwana rakagovaniswa.
Chirevo ichi chinosanganisirawo chikamu chinoburitsa ngano dzekare nezvehondo (semuenzaniso, "Hazvibviri kubvisa hondo", "Hondo iri mumajeni edu", "Isu tagara tine hondo", "Tiri nyika yakazvimirira", "dzimwe hondo." zvakanaka ", "dzidziso yehondo yakarurama," "Hondo nekugadzirira hondo kunounza rugare uye kugadzikana", "Hondo inotiita kuti tive vakachengeteka", "Hondo inofanirwa kuuraya magandanga", "Hondo yakanaka kune hupfumi").
Uye inosanganisira chikamu chenzira dzekusimudzira shanduko kubva kuhondo kuenda kune imwe nzira yekuchengetedza, kusanganisira networking uye kuvaka kufamba, kurwisa kwakananga mishandirapamwe, uye kudzidzisa veruzhinji uye sarudzo nevanoita pfungwa.
Chirevo ichi chinopindirana neakasimbiswa makotesheni nevanyori, vanofunga uye vaiti vane hukama nezvikumbiro izvi. Rinewo maidi anosimbisa kudikanwa kwedzimwe nzira, anoratidzira fambiro mberi yakatoitwa uye zvikonzero zvetariro.
Mazano ese aya anorumbidzwa uye akakosha kupa kune yakazara chengetedzo system. Asi havasi vakawanda vari kushandira pari zvino nevari kutonga. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti avo vane masimba vanoshanda zvakanyanya kubva paradigm kana maonero enyika asingatsigirwe kana kutsigira mazano aya.
Izvo zvinoratidzika kwandiri sezvisipo kubva mushumo uyu, uye zvinonyanya kudiwa kana nzira idzi dzichizoshandiswa, kuchinja kwekuziva uye maonero enyika-mamiriro ezvinhu umo idzi nzira dzakasiyana dzerunyararo nekuchengeteka dzinogona kuonekwa uye kushandiswa. Chiratidzo chekare uye chichiri chikuru ndechekuti rugare nechengeteko zvinowanikwa mukati mehurongwa hweatomu hwemarudzi anokwikwidzana uko nyika imwe neimwe inofanirwa kuvimba neuto rehondo kuti irarame. Iyi maonero enyika inotungamira kune imwe seti yesarudzo sarudzo. Chiono chitsva (asi chekare) cherunyararo nechengeteko, chinobatwa nevashoma asi chinowedzera nhamba yevanhu, chinobva mukuziva kwehumwe hwePasi uye kudyidzana kwehupenyu hwese nenharaunda dzese dzevanhu uye inovhura kune imwe seti yemitemo. zvisarudzo. Ramangwana redu richaumbwa kuti nderipi pamaonero maviri aya anopokana anozopedzisira avepo.
Dambudziko guru kune avo vari kutsvaga mamwe mazano erunyararo nekuchengeteka inzira yekuwedzera uye kudzamisa rudzi urwu rwechipiri rwekuziva uye kuifambisa mumatambo emitemo munharaunda, yenyika uye pasi rose. Kushandura maonero enyika haisi imwe chete pakati pemakumi matatu kana kupfuura mazano ekunyora mumushumo wakadai A Global Security System, Iri panzvimbo yekuziva kwepamusoro uye chimiro mukati umo mazano ese anoda kuongororwa nekusarudzwa.
Apendikisi inoreva vaverengi kune zviwanikwa, mabhuku, mafirimu, uye masangano anogona kupa rumwe ruzivo. Ichi chikamu chinofanira kuwedzerwa muzvinyorwa zvinotevera. Mazhinji mabasa akakosha anofanirwa kunge ari pano haasi, kusanganisira neUnited Nations, World Order Models Project, Kenneth Boulding's. Rugare Rwakagadzikana, uye mamwe mabasa ayo achiri pakutanga munguva, anopa zviono zvakakosha uye hwaro hwakasimba hwekuongorora kune mamwe masisitimu ekuchengetedza. Chikamu chino chinodawo kusanganisira mamwe mabasa ane maonero kubva kutsika dzisiri dzekumadokero. Kushaikwa zvakare, mabasa kubva pamaonero akasiyana ezvitendero nezvemweya. Alternative security approaches-hurongwa hwenyika hutsva-hunokura kubva mukati (kwete chete munhandare dzezvematongerwo enyika, asi mukati memwoyo, pfungwa, uye tsika dzevanhu vakasiyana-siyana). Nepo nzvimbo iri kutariswa, zvakakosha kuti vaverengi vazive kuti pfungwa yakakosha panhau idzi yakabva mukusiyana kukuru kwenzvimbo.
Imwe kurudziro yezvinyorwa zveramangwana ndeyekuwedzera chikamu chine mibvunzo uye kurudziro. Semuyenzaniso, vavaki verunyararo vangasanganisira sei nhaurirano ine kure kurudyi uye mafambiro ezvematongerwo enyika uye echitendero sechikamu chechiitiko chinosanganisirwa uku uchitsigira chiono chepasirese? Ndeipi basa rehuwandu hwemagariro evanhu mukuvaka nekuchengetedza hurongwa hutsva hwekuchengetedzwa kwenyika? Ko kuziva kwevanhu kunogona sei kukudziridzwa nekuwedzerwa zvine chekuita nebasa redu munharaunda yemapuraneti?
Zvakadaro, iyi ipfupiso yakakosha yebasa rinoenderera mberi nezviuru zvevanhu kugadzira ramangwana rine hunhu uye rakachengetedzeka. Sezvo zvakadaro ihwowo uchapupu hwezvikonzero zvetariro.
Patricia M. Mische
Mumwe munyori, Kuenda kuNyika Yevanhu kurongeka: Kupfuura National Security Straitjacket,
uye Kusvika Kubudiriro Yepasi Pose, Mupiro Wezvitendero
Co-muvambi Global Education Associates
Lloyd Purofesa weRunyararo Zvidzidzo uye World Law (akasiya basa)
geapatmische@aol.com
